In her closing speech at the trial, Ms Gardner said the officers did not say they were police and made “no announcement of any sort” when they grabbed Mr Amaaz.

“That’s crucial,” she told the jury.

“PC Marsden used unnecessary violence. His behaviour is indicative of how he behaves in general, certainly that day. Aggressive and uncontrolled.”

She said Mr Amaad was heard to say “easy, easy, easy … no, no, no” in a bid to de-escalate the situation, but his words had “zero effect on PC Marsden” who was “pretty much covered in red mist”.

Ms Gardner said: “We say that from the outset, PC Marsden had no regard for procedure and acted how he wanted. His way was the only way.

“Mr Amaad told you his intention was solely to get PC Marsden’s hands off his brother. Mr Amaad was clear that at no point did he try to grab PC Marsden’s throat.”

She said PC Marsden had told lies in various statements about his interactions with Amaad at the pay station area.

Ms Gardner said: “We say it is critical when you consider PC Marsden’s credibility.

“He has come into this courtroom and he has lied to you.”

She said Mr Amaad did “no more than was necessary” to defend his brother and then himself as he believed he was “under attack”.