The Kremlin released video showing General Valery Gerasimov, head of the General Staff, reporting to Putin on the drills. Russia said it fired missiles from ground launchers, submarines and aircraft, including intercontinental ballistic weapons that are capable of striking the US.

In a further show of strength, Russia’s defence ministry said its long-range ­Tu-22M3 strategic bomber planes carried out a flight over the Baltic Sea, escorted at various points by fighter jets from foreign – presumably Nato – states. At key moments in the war, Putin has issued reminders of Russia’s nuclear might as a warning signal to Kyiv and its allies.

Nato has also been conducting nuclear deterrence exercises this month.

Russian president Vladimir Putin inspects a military exercise of the country's nuclear forces. Photo: Reuters

Russian president Vladimir Putin inspects a military exercise of the country’s nuclear forces. Photo: Reuters

Today’s News in 90 Seconds, Thursday, October 23

In a separate development, Sweden said it had signed a letter of intent to export Gripen fighter jets to Ukraine, as European governments act to boost Kyiv’s defences in a war that has ground on for three years and eight months since Russia’s full-scale invasion, and shows no sign of ending soon.

Ukrainian pilots have been in Sweden to test the Gripen, a rugged and relatively low-cost option compared with aircraft such as the US F-35.

“We have started the work to obtain Gripens… and expect the future contract to allow us to acquire no less than 100 such jets,” Ukrainian president Volodymyr Zelensky said during a visit to Swedish defence manufacturer Saab. Kyiv aims to receive and start using them next year, he said.

Russia and Ukraine pounded each other with heavy overnight missile attacks as renewed uncertainty enveloped the US-led peace effort.

After months of stalled diplomacy, Putin and Mr Trump spoke last week and unexpectedly announced they would hold a summit in Hungary that the Kremlin said could take place within a couple of weeks.

But following a phone call on Monday between the two countries’ top diplomats, the White House said the next day that Mr Trump had no plans to meet Putin “in the immediate future”. Mr Trump said he did not want to have a wasted meeting – something the Kremlin said Putin also wanted to avoid.

Rescuers evacuate children from a kindergarten hit by Russian drone strike in Kharkiv yesterday. Photo: Reuters

Rescuers evacuate children from a kindergarten hit by Russian drone strike in Kharkiv yesterday. Photo: Reuters

Russian officials said, however, that preparations continued for a summit.

“The dates haven’t been set yet, but thorough preparation is needed before then, and that takes time,” Kremlin spokesperson Dmitry Peskov told reporters.

A US official said the summit had not been cancelled, but the US side was focusing for now on Mr Trump’s upcoming visit to Asia.

The delay came after Russia reiterated to the US its previous terms for reaching a peace deal, including that Ukraine cede control of the whole of the south-eastern Donbas region, three sources told Reuters. That amounted to a rejection of Mr Trump’s statement last week that both sides should stop at the current front lines.

Russian deputy foreign minister Sergei Ryabkov was quoted by state news agency RIA as saying he could not confirm that Moscow had conveyed its position as reported by Reuters.

Through the first nine months of his second term, Mr Trump has pressed for an end to the conflict, the deadliest in Europe since World War II. Sharply critical at times of Mr Zelensky, he has also expressed frustration with Putin but has not followed through on repeated threats of new sanctions against Moscow.

Shares in European defence companies rose on news of the delay to the Putin-­Trump summit. Most European governments strongly back Kyiv and have pledged to raise their military spending to help Ukraine meet its defence needs.

Today, European Union leaders are due to discuss a proposal to use frozen Russian assets in Europe to extend a $163bn (€140bn) loan to Ukraine.

Moscow says the scheme amounts to theft, and has said it would retaliate.

A senior Ukrainian official told Reuters that Kyiv must have the freedom to choose how to spend the funds, and should not be limited to buying arms from European countries.

Ukraine’s military said late on Tuesday that it used Franco-British Storm Shadow air-launched missiles to strike a chemical plant in southern Russia’s Bryansk region.

Ukrainian officials said yesterday that Russian attacks had killed six people, including two children, in Kyiv and the nearby region, and forced power outages nationwide.

Foreign minister Andrii Sybiha appealed to Kyiv’s international partners to mobilise “additional energy support” to prevent a humanitarian crisis as winter approaches.

Debris from downed weapons littered the Ukrainian capital and caused fires in many districts, Timur Tkachenko, head of Kyiv’s military administration, said on the Telegram app.

“Most regions of Ukraine were targeted,” energy minister Svitlana Hrynchuk said. “This is the second such attack in a month, indicating a methodical campaign by the enemy to destroy Ukraine’s energy sector ahead of winter.”