Israel’s main Holocaust museum says it has now identified 5 million of the 6 million Jews murdered by the Nazis. For the rest, the difference between being documented by name or lost to history may come down to artificial intelligence rather than traditional research.

For seven decades, Yad Vashem has sifted through World War II records, post-war trial transcripts, genealogical archives and survivor testimonies in a quest to dispel the anonymity imposed by the genocide’s masterminds on so many of their victims.