Passengers on board the train said a person brandishing a knife began stabbing people after it passed through Peterborough.
The driver brought the train to an emergency halt at Huntingdon.
Anthony Williams, 32, of no fixed address, was charged with 10 counts of attempted murder relating to the train stabbings and a count of attempted murder in connection with an alleged attack in London.
He is due to appear at Cambridge Crown Court on 1 December.
BTP has said it is linking the train stabbings with three other incidents that happened in Peterborough in the hours beforehand, as well as the stabbing of a 17-year-old person on a DLR train in east London.