KYIV, Ukraine—It was just past 2 a.m. when Tymur Mindich crossed the border into Poland last week—a few hours before detectives descended on his Ukrainian home as part of an investigation into high-level corruption that has convulsed the war-torn country. 

Some 70 residences across Ukraine were raided in the operation as part of the criminal investigation in which five people were detained. Mindich, a former business partner of President Volodymyr Zelensky and one of those officially accused, remains at large outside Ukraine.

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