Understanding and Tracking Air Pollution
According to the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), ambient air pollution contributes to an estimated eight million premature deaths globally each year. Its transboundary nature makes air pollution a priority for regional action. With IAEA support, the RCA provides a framework for technical cooperation, enabling member countries to establish robust infrastructure, develop expertise and foster regional cooperation — all instrumental in the fight against air pollution.
At the heart of these achievements lies the development of robust human capital. With IAEA support, a new generation of scientists and specialists has been trained in the region, a critical factor for sustainable national air quality management programmes. Between 2000 and 2023, the IAEA trained 135 individuals in air sampling, 124 in analysis and 112 in source apportionment and trans-boundary calculations across participating countries.
IAEA interventions have also facilitated the establishment or upgrade of crucial technical infrastructure for air sampling and analysis in 17 RCA countries and for source apportionment and transboundary trajectory calculations in 14 countries, providing essential tools for accurate data collection and interpretation. These actions helped transform the regional scientific landscape: equipped with new laboratory infrastructure, experts in 14 countries have produced more than 460 research products and publications, paving the way for sustainable air quality analysis in the region.
Information exchange is another important outcome: 154 experts from 13 countries participated in over 230 international conferences and workshops on transboundary air pollution monitoring and assessment, including 52 events organized by RCA countries.
“Recognizing that air pollution respects no borders, the RCA has championed international cooperation and informed policymaking,” said Ge Deng, Director of the IAEA’s Division for Asia and the Pacific. “The assessment identified at least one national policy decision in each of the 12 countries resulting directly from IAEA support. That means our interventions helped to create the conditions for decision-making that are now making the air cleaner in a dozen Member States.”
Overall, the report found strong evidence that RCA activities contributed to changes in air quality policies, standards and enforcement. These changes likely improved air quality and reduced the costs of premature mortality and morbidity, compared to estimated outcomes without RCA support.