[1] https://defapress dot ir/fa/news/800511; https://www.tasnimnews dot com/fa/news/1404/09/26/3474275
[2] https://defapress dot ir/fa/news/800511
[3] https://www.tasnimnews dot com/fa/news/1403/11/16/3251391
[4] https://www.tasnimnews dot com/fa/news/1404/09/24/3472019; https://understandingwar.org/research/middle-east/iran-update-december-15-2025/
[5] https://www.timesofisrael dot com/liveblog_entry/israel-has-destroyed-70-air-defense-batteries-in-iran-so-far-says-idf/; https://x.com/IDFFarsi/status/1935020322949894176
[6] https://www.tasnimnews dot com/fa/news/1404/09/26/3474275
[7] https://www.asriran dot com/fa/news/1124456
[8] https://www.tasnimnews dot com/fa/news/1398/02/09/2000386 ; https://www.tabnak dot ir/fa/news/1220092/; http://www.tasnimnews dot com/fa/news/1400/05/11/2547866; https://www.didbaniran dot ir/بخش-سیاسی-3/257134-فرمانده-جدید-نیروی-هوایی-کیست-سوابق
[9] https://united24media dot com/world/russia-is-building-su-35-fighter-jets-for-iran-secret-files-reveal-the-numbers-and-delivery-timeline-13844 ; https://understandingwar.org/research/middle-east/iran-update-november-5-2025/
[10] Graphic citations:
Amir Hatami: https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?search=Amir%20Hatami&ns0=1&ns6=1&ns12=1&n… (creative commons)
Ali Jahanshahi: https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?search=Amir%20Jahanshahi&ns0=1&ns6=1&ns12=1&a… (creative commons)
Shahram Irani: https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?search=Shahram+Irani&title=Special%3ASearch&profi… (creative commons)
Bahman Behmard: https://www.irna dot ir/news/86028491 (Islamic Republic News Agency)
Alireza Elhami: https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?search=Alireza%20Elhami&ns0=1&ns6=1&ns12=1&am… (creative commons)
[11] SITE Intelligence Group, “Ansar al-Furqan Claims 16 Casualties in Operation Involving 43 Fighters on Iranian Police Checkpoint” December 16, 2025, available by subscription at www.siteintelgroup.com.
[12] https://www.irna dot ir/news/86026418
[13] SITE Intelligence Group, “Ansar al-Furqan Claims 16 Casualties in Operation Involving 43 Fighters on Iranian Police Checkpoint” December 16, 2025, available by subscription at www.siteintelgroup.com.
[14] SITE Intelligence Group, “Ansar al-Furqan Claims 16 Casualties in Operation Involving 43 Fighters on Iranian Police Checkpoint” December 16, 2025, available by subscription at www.siteintelgroup.com.
[15] SITE Intelligence Group, “Ansar al-Furqan Claims 16 Casualties in Operation Involving 43 Fighters on Iranian Police Checkpoint” December 16, 2025, available by subscription at www.siteintelgroup.com. ;
SITE Intelligence Group, “Ansar al-Furqan Claims Killing Over 50 Iranian Security Forces in 9-Hour Clash in Golkhani” August 18, 2025, available by subscription at www.siteintelgroup.com.
[16] SITE Intelligence Group, “Ansar al-Furqan Claims 16 Casualties in Operation Involving 43 Fighters on Iranian Police Checkpoint” December 16, 2025, available by subscription at www.siteintelgroup.com.
[17] https://x.com/TheBalochWorld/status/2000928347308876253?s=20 ; https://t.me/jmmfront/10 ; SITE Intelligence Group, “Charter of Jaysh al-Adl-Affiliated MPF Lists Constituent Member Groups, Mentions Goal as “Deep Political Change” in Iran,” December 12, 2025, available by subscription at www.siteintelgroup.com.
[18] https://t.me/jmmfront/10 ; SITE Intelligence Group, “Charter of Jaysh al-Adl-Affiliated MPF Lists Constituent Member Groups, Mentions Goal as “Deep Political Change” in Iran,” December 12, 2025, available by subscription at www.siteintelgroup.com.
[19] https://t.me/jmmfront/24 ; https://www.irna dot ir/news/86021637/
[20] https://x.com/ALJADEEDNEWS/status/2001214957916959143
[21] https://x.com/ALJADEEDNEWS/status/2001214957916959143
[22] https://www.ynetnews dot com/articles/0,7340,L-3287515,00.html
[23] https://www.facebook.com/nabihberri/posts/pfbid0gMdGpjydmkdbbWzexdJk9L9RDU9jrdhF56YcdnYgUzgho1mqJffYSA6tf9yWYmsZl
[24] https://apnews.com/article/lebanon-hezbollah-berri-israel-iran-9f5af71b7b726b06a56d7ba021914978
[25] https://today.lorientlejour dot com/article/1437074/full-text-of-the-cease-fire-agreement-between-lebanon-and-israel.html ; https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/lebanon-tasks-army-with-limiting-arms-state-forces-challenge-hezbollah-2025-08-05/ ; https://x.com/nawafsalam/status/1952798986470916262
[26] https://x.com/ItayBlumental/status/1987233176289161595; https://x.com/ariel_oseran/status/1998452888327037332 ; https://x.com/AvichayAdraee/status/1999827456325222890 ; https://x.com/HezkeiB/status/1993595254977839160
[27] https://today.lorientlejour dot com/article/1488817/lebanese-army-conducts-excavations-in-touline-after-israeli-report.html ; https://t.me/alakhbar_ne ws/70728 ; https://x.com/MarioLeb79/status/2001290192842363264 ; https://x.com/MarioLeb79/status/2001295780510859277
[28] https://thisisbeirut dot com.lb/articles/1323429/unifil-and-laf-discover-tunnel-and-unexploded-ordnance-in-south-lebanon ; https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/lebanese-army-walks-political-tightrope-disarm-hezbollah-2025-10-28/
[29] https://x.com/LebarmyOfficial/status/2000158668914930063 ; https://x.com/AvichayAdraee/status/1999827456325222890
[30] https://today.lorientlejour dot com/article/1488817/lebanese-army-conducts-excavations-in-touline-after-israeli-report.html
[31] https://www.haaretz dot com/middle-east-news/2025-12-15/ty-article/.premium/idf-assesses-hezbollahs-capabilities-as-lebanese-army-struggles-to-seize-remaining-arms/0000019b-2382-dc39-abbb-fff21a590000 ; https://x.com/ariel_oseran/status/1998452888327037332 ; https://x.com/ItayBlumental/status/1987233176289161595 ; https://x.com/HezkeiB/status/1993595254977839160 ; https://www.timesofisrael dot com/alarmed-by-hezbollah-rearming-israel-presses-beirut-to-act-before-the-idf-has-to/ ; https://www.kan dot org.il/content/kan-news/defense/975338/ ; https://www.aljadeed dot tv/news//550566/
[32] https://www.kan dot org.il/content/kan-news/defense/964787/
[33] https://x.com/QalaatAlMudiq/status/2001244362521633088; https://t.me/syrianmoi/27490 ; https://x.com/QalaatAlMudiq/status/1995956857815662965?s=20 ; https://x.com/QalaatAlMudiq/status/1996199158638686404
[34] https://x.com/QalaatAlMudiq/status/2001244362521633088
[35] https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/lebanese-army-walks-political-tightrope-disarm-hezbollah-2025-10-28/
[36] https://www.defensenews.com/global/mideast-africa/2025/12/08/the-disarming-of-hezbollah-tests-fragile-government-in-lebanon/
[37] https://news.un.org/en/story/2024/10/1155221
[38] https://www.defensenews.com/global/mideast-africa/2025/12/08/the-disarming-of-hezbollah-tests-fragile-government-in-lebanon/ ; https://x.com/PressTV/status/1960005122794435009 ; https://www.aljazeera dot com/news/2025/7/30/hezbollah-rejects-calls-to-disarm-says-demands-serve-israel
[39] https://x.com/ObserveLebanon/status/2000784341752844543 ; https://www.newarab.com/news/lebanese-army-shows-diplomats-efforts-disarm-hezbollah ; https://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2025/08/analysis-naim-qassem-commemorates-fuad-shukrs-death-rejects-hezbollah-disarmament.php
[40] https://www.defensenews.com/global/mideast-africa/2025/12/08/the-disarming-of-hezbollah-tests-fragile-government-in-lebanon/
[41] https://x.com/ibrahimtmajed/status/1962982328072130904
[42] https://www.haaretz dot com/middle-east-news/2025-12-15/ty-article/.premium/idf-assesses-hezbollahs-capabilities-as-lebanese-army-struggles-to-seize-remaining-arms/0000019b-2382-dc39-abbb-fff21a590000 ; https://www.eremnews dot com/news/arab-world/bxhk26s ; https://israel-alma dot org/special-report-hezbollahs-rehabilitation-composite-in-lebanon-situation-report/
[43] https://963media dot com/16/12/2025/%d9%85%d8%b5%d8%af%d8%b1-%d8%ad%d9%83%d9%88%d9%85%d9%8a-%d9%84%d9%80963-%d9%82%d8%b3%d8%af-%d9%88%d8%af%d9%85%d8%b4%d9%82-%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%b5%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%a7-%d9%84%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%a7/
[44] https://963media dot com/16/12/2025/%d9%85%d8%b5%d8%af%d8%b1-%d8%ad%d9%83%d9%88%d9%85%d9%8a-%d9%84%d9%80963-%d9%82%d8%b3%d8%af-%d9%88%d8%af%d9%85%d8%b4%d9%82-%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%b5%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%a7-%d9%84%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%a7/
[45] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j0YeULse-5Y ; https://www.alaraby.co.uk/politics/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%AA%D9%86%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B0-%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%A6%D9%8A-%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%82-%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3-%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B7-%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%80%D9%82%D8%B3%D8%AF
[46] https://www.syriandemocraticcouncil dot us/fact-sheet/
[47] https://akmckeever.substack.com/p/the-march-10th-agreement-and-its
[48] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j0YeULse-5Y ; https://www.alaraby dot co.uk/politics/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%AA%D9%86%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B0-%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%A6%D9%8A-%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%82-%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3-%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B7-%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%80%D9%82%D8%B3%D8%AF
[49] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j0YeULse-5Y ; https://www.alaraby dot co.uk/politics/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%AA%D9%86%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B0-%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%A6%D9%8A-%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%82-%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3-%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B7-%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%80%D9%82%D8%B3%D8%AF
[50] https://english.aawsat dot com/arab-world/5220300-fidan-barrack-discuss-merging-sdf-syrian-army-erdogan-warns-israeli-violations
[51] https://english.aawsat dot com/arab-world/5220300-fidan-barrack-discuss-merging-sdf-syrian-army-erdogan-warns-israeli-violations
[52] https://understandingwar.org/research/middle-east/iran-update-december-16-2025/
[53] https://understandingwar.org/research/middle-east/iran-update-september-15-2025/ ; https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/sectarian-violence-risks-dividing-syria-despite-sharaas-diplomacy-2025-09-15 ; https://understandingwar.org/research/middle-east/iran-update-january-15-2025/ ; https://x.com/Sana__gov/status/1879551603205910672
[54] https://akmckeever.substack.com/p/the-march-10th-agreement-and-its ; https://www.kurdistan24 dot net/en/story/880974/stalled-march-10-agreement-tests-syrias-fragile-transition-as-kurds-press-for-inclusion-and-decentralization
[55] https://sana dot sy/presidency/2284448/
[56] https://understandingwar.org/research/middle-east/iran-update-december-8-2025/
[57] https://understandingwar.org/research/middle-east/iran-update-august-13-2025/
[58] https://www.trthaber dot com/haber/gundem/erdogan-karadenizde-sivil-gemiler-hedef-alinmamali-ikazlarimizi-ilettik-928820.html
[59] https://www.turkiyegazetesi dot com.tr/kose-yazilari/cem-kucuk/ypgye-son-uyari-1756088
[60] https://www.turkiyegazetesi dot com.tr/dunya/suriyedeki-teror-orgutunun-sayili-gunleri-kaldi-abd-operasyon-icin-yesil-isik-yakti-1756120?s=2
[61] https://shaam dot org/news/syria-news/وزارة-الدفاع-تعيّن-فضل-الله-الحجي-معاونا-لوزير-الدفاع-عن-المنطقة-الوسطى; https://t.me/TelevisionSyria/72951; https://t.me/TelevisionSyria/72967
[62] https://www.syria dot tv/إدلب-الجبهة-الوطنية-تقلص-عدد-فصائلها-عبر-عمليات-الدمج; https://www.mei.edu/blog/turkish-backed-syrian-armed-opposition-groups-unite-under-one-banner
[63] https://www.aljazeera dot net/encyclopedia/2024/11/30/غرفة-عمليات-الفتح-المبين-اتحاد-عسكري
[64] https://www.syria dot tv/إدلب-الجبهة-الوطنية-تقلص-عدد-فصائلها-عبر-عمليات-الدمج
[65] https://www.enabbaladi dot net/743306/الزبداني-قصة-الصمود-والعودة-للعدد/ ; https://understandingwar.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/The-New-Syrian-Army-Order-of-Battle_final.pdf
[66] https://t.me/Sy_Defense/899
[67] https://npasyria dot com/en/124304; https://www.france24.com/en/middle-east/20250528-eu-sanctions-syrian-militia-groups-ethnic-violence-targeting-alawites
[68] https://x.com/Sy_Defense/status/1922329344065585422 ; https://x.com/AhmadBetar7/status/1921994954911461881
[69] https://t.me/Sy_Defense/1083; https://t.me/Sy_Defense/1093?single
[70] https://syrianobserver.com/foreign-actors/russia-quietly-expands-military-footprint-in-north-east-syria.html
[71] https://understandingwar.org/research/middle-east/the-new-syrian-army-order-of-battle/
[72] https://shaam dot org/news/syria-news/وزارة-الدفاع-تعيّن-فضل-الله-الحجي-معاونا-لوزير-الدفاع-عن-المنطقة-الوسطى; https://www.facebook.com/HalabTodayTV/posts/وزارة-الدفاع-تصدر-قرارًا-بتعيين-العميد-الركن-فضل-الله-الحجي-معاوناً-لوزير-الدفاع/1284733620345194/
[73] https://syrianmemory dot org/archive/figures/5d0f5f15fbf620000130986f
[74] https://syrianmemory dot org/archive/figures/5d0f5f15fbf620000130986f ; https://shaam dot org/news/syria-news/وزارة-الدفاع-تعيّن-فضل-الله-الحجي-معاونا-لوزير-الدفاع-عن-المنطقة-الوسطى
[75] https://www.syria dot tv/فضل-الله-الحجي-يتولى-إدارة-الأكاديمية-العسكرية-العليا-في-سوريا
[76] https://t.me/TelevisionSyria/72951; https://x.com/thiqanewsagency/status/2000136622290210873?s=20
[77] https://t.me/TelevisionSyria/72951 ; https://t.me/daraa24_org/23124
[78] https://t.me/TelevisionSyria/72951; https://www.syria dot tv/كتلتان-منفصلتان-تفكك-داخل-فصيل-صقور-الشام-في-إدلب
[79] https://t.me/TelevisionSyria/72967; https://www.syria dot tv/مقتل-عنصر-من-جيش-الأحرار-داخل-سجون-تحرير-الشام-ما-موقف-فصيله؟
[80] https://t.me/TelevisionSyria/72967
[81] https://english.enabbaladi dot net/archives/2017/09/tahrir-al-sham-shrinks-first-core/
[82] https://www.syria dot tv/مقتل-عنصر-من-جيش-الأحرار-داخل-سجون-تحرير-الشام-ما-موقف-فصيله؟; https://t.me/TelevisionSyria/72967
[83] https://www.tasnimnews dot com/fa/news/1404/09/26/3473988
[84] https://www.iribnews dot ir/fa/news/5656895; https://www.tasnimnews dot com/fa/news/1404/09/24/3472450
[85] https://www.tasnimnews dot com/fa/news/1404/09/24/3472156/;https://nournews dot ir/fa/news/262940; https://nournews dot ir/fa/news/262914
[86] https://www.tasnimnews dot com/fa/news/1404/09/25/3472802
[87] https://www.tasnimnews dot com/fa/news/1404/03/06/3322736 ; https://www.tasnimnews dot com/fa/news/1404/07/23/3424466
[88] https://www.tasnimnews dot com/fa/news/1404/09/21/3469639
[89] https://www.tasnimnews dot com/fa/news/1404/09/21/3469639; https://www.tasnimnews dot com/fa/news/1404/09/21/3469452; https://defapress dot ir/fa/news/799278; https://www.tasnimnews dot com/fa/news/1404/09/26/3473750/ ; https://www.irna dot ir/amp/86027675/
[90] https://www.shafaq dot com/ar/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A9/%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%88-%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A-%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%8A-%D9%85%D8%B7%D8%B1%D9%82%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1-%D9%8A%D8%B3-%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A8-%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7-%D9%8A ; https://x.com/KurdistanWatch/status/2000983726382031171 ; https://almadapaper dot net/422207/
[91] https://almadapaper dot net/422207/
[92] https://al-ain dot com/article/sistani-refused-message-regarding-prime-minister ; https://shafaq dot com/ar/سیاسة/الصدر-يقطع-الطريق-مام-ال-طار-برفضه-التدخل-في-تشكيل-الحكومة-العراقية-الجديدة
[93] https://www.shafaq dot com/ar/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A9/%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%88-%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A-%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%8A-%D9%85%D8%B7%D8%B1%D9%82%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1-%D9%8A%D8%B3-%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A8-%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7-%D9%8A
[94] https://shafaq dot com/ar/سیاسة/القوى-السنية-تجتمع-في-منزل-الخنجر-لبحث-الاستحقاقات;
https://shafaq dot com/ar/سیاسة/ت-كيدا-لشفق-نيوز-القوى-السنية-ت-علن-ت-سيس-المجلس-السياسي-الوطني
[95] https://x.com/KurdistanWatch/status/2000983726382031171
[96] https://t.me/syrianmoi/27719?single
[97] https://t.me/syrianmoi/27719?single ; https://ctc.westpoint.edu/the-rising-threat-of-non-state-actor-commercial-drone-use-emerging-capabilities-and-threats/
[98] https://t.me/syrianmoi/27719?single
[99] https://ctc.westpoint.edu/the-rising-threat-of-non-state-actor-commercial-drone-use-emerging-capabilities-and-threats/
[100] https://ctc.westpoint.edu/the-rising-threat-of-non-state-actor-commercial-drone-use-emerging-capabilities-and-threats/ ; https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_84jHDLhov8
[101] https://t.me/syrianmoi/27719?single ; https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o9KRX4jhwOU ; https://dl.djicdn.com/downloads/inspire_1/en/INSPIRE_1_Quick_Start_Guide_v2.2_en.pdf
[102] https://www.raf.mod.uk/what-we-do/centre-for-air-and-space-power-studies/aspr/aspr-vol22-iss3-6-pdf/
[103] https://understandingwar.org/research/middle-east/iran-update-december-15-2025/
[104] https://x.com/QalaatAlMudiq/status/2001354438045479340 ; https://x.com/azelin/status/2001319180742651979
[105] https://x.com/QalaatAlMudiq/status/2001354438045479340
[106] https://understandingwar.org/research/middle-east/iran-update-may-19-2025/ ; https://x.com/QalaatAlMudiq/status/1924149903141286249