Dave Ramsey advocates 8% annual withdrawals based on S&P 500 (SPY) returns averaging 10% over the past decade.
The 8% S&P strategy fails during bear markets when withdrawals lock in permanent losses on depleted portfolio balances.
The 4% rule survived stress tests against the Great Depression and 1970s stagflation with balanced portfolios.
A recent study identified one single habit that doubled Americans’ retirement savings and moved retirement from dream, to reality. Read more here.
Dave Ramsey has publicly argued – in interviews and on his radio program – that retirees can safely withdraw 8% annually from their portfolios, doubling the traditional 4% rule that has guided retirement planning since 1994. His reasoning: he believes stock markets average 12% per year in returns, leaving a 4-percentage-point buffer above withdrawals. Consumer sentiment sits at 52.9, well into recessionary territory, making questions about retirement income especially urgent.
An 8% withdrawal rate means a retiree with $500,000 saved can pull $40,000 annually instead of $20,000. That difference transforms retirement from $20,000 to $40,000 in annual income for millions of households worried their nest egg won’t stretch far enough.
The S&P 500 has historically supported Ramsey’s optimism – long-term returns have consistently exceeded 10% annually over the past decade. A retiree who stayed fully invested in equities and avoided panic-selling during downturns could plausibly have grown their principal even while taking 8% withdrawals. The math works, but only under ideal conditions.
The strategy also makes psychological sense for people who feel the 4% rule forces them to live too conservatively, dying with money they could have enjoyed.
The fatal flaw is sequence of returns risk. A retiree withdrawing 8% during a bear market locks in losses permanently. If your $500,000 portfolio drops 30% to $350,000 and you still pull $40,000 that year, you’ve withdrawn 11.4% of your remaining balance. Recovery becomes nearly impossible.
The 4% rule was stress-tested against the worst 30-year periods in market history, including the Great Depression and 1970s stagflation. It survived because it assumes a balanced portfolio and builds in margin for bad timing. Ramsey’s 8% rule assumes you retire into a bull market and stay there for three decades.
Current conditions make that assumption shakier. The 10-year Treasury yields 4.05%, meaning bond returns barely cover the withdrawal rate. Inflation runs at 2.16% annually, steadily eroding purchasing power. A retiree withdrawing 8% in this environment has almost no room for error.
The research behind the 4% rule, published by William Bengen in 1994 and later validated by the Trinity Study, recommends starting at 4% to 5%, adjusting annually based on portfolio performance, and holding two years of expenses in cash to avoid forced selling during downturns. Ramsey’s approach requires willingness to cut spending sharply during bear markets or return to work if the portfolio falters – contingencies that may not be realistic for many retirees.
Most Americans drastically underestimate how much they need to retire and overestimate how prepared they are. But data shows that people with one habit have more than double the savings of those who don’t.
And no, it’s got nothing to do with increasing your income, savings, clipping coupons, or even cutting back on your lifestyle. It’s much more straightforward (and powerful) than any of that. Frankly, it’s shocking more people don’t adopt the habit given how easy it is.