A primary school boy has died after crashing head-on with another cyclist on an electric bike.

The collision occurred about 3.36pm on a bike path near the Kawana Way and Sunshine Motorway interchange at Mountain Creek on the Sunshine Coast.

A high school student was riding the other e-bike, and was not seriously injured.

The younger child was taken to Sunshine Coast University Hospital in a critical condition, but died not long after.

A police spokesperson confirmed the boys were travelling in opposite directions on their electrified bikes, and struck each other head-on.

They did not know if either boy was wearing a helmet, or if they were accompanied by an adult.

It is not known what type of e-bike the boy was riding, or if it was a legal one.

To be used in public, an e-bike must be predominantly pedal-powered, with a small electric motor providing assistance only, up to 250 watts, and the motor must cut out at 25km/h.

Anyone who witnessed the crash is urged to contact police, who are investigating. The older boy is assisting the investigation.