Scientists Mary Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell and Shimon Sakaguchi have won the 2025 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for “their discoveries concerning peripheral immune tolerance”, the award-giving body said on Monday.<\/p>\n
The winners for medicine are selected by the Nobel Assembly of Sweden’s Karolinska Institute medical university and receive a prize sum of 11 million Swedish crowns ($1.7 million), as well as a gold medal presented by Sweden’s king.<\/p>\n
“Their discoveries have laid the foundation for a new field of research and spurred the development of new treatments, for example for cancer and autoimmune diseases,” the prize-awarding body said in a statement.<\/p>\n
Ms Brunkow and Mr Ramsdell are based in the United States, and Mr Sakaguchi in Japan.<\/p>\n
“Their discoveries have laid the foundation for a new field of research and spurred the development of new treatments, for example for cancer and autoimmune diseases,” the prize-awarding body said.<\/p>\n
The Nobel Prizes were established through the will of Alfred Nobel, the Swedish inventor of dynamite and a wealthy businessman.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
The Nobel Prizes were established through the will of Swedish inventor Alfred Nobel. (Reuters: Tom Little)<\/p>\n
They have been awarded since 1901 for outstanding contributions in science, literature, and peace, with interruptions mainly during the World Wars.<\/p>\n
The economics prize was added later and is funded by Sweden’s central bank, the Riksbank.<\/p>\n
Winners are selected by expert committees from various institutions.<\/p>\n
All prizes are awarded in Stockholm, except for the Peace Prize, which is presented in Oslo \u2014 a possible legacy of the political union between Sweden and Norway during Nobel’s lifetime.<\/p>\n