{"id":406717,"date":"2026-01-11T18:24:04","date_gmt":"2026-01-11T18:24:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/au\/406717\/"},"modified":"2026-01-11T18:24:04","modified_gmt":"2026-01-11T18:24:04","slug":"nasas-pandora-telescope-will-study-stars-in-detail-to-learn-about-the-exoplanets-orbiting-them","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/au\/406717\/","title":{"rendered":"NASA\u2019s Pandora telescope will study stars in detail to learn about the exoplanets orbiting them"},"content":{"rendered":"

On Jan. 11, 2026, I watched anxiously at the tightly controlled Vandenberg Space Force Base<\/a> in California as an awe-inspiring SpaceX<\/a> Falcon 9<\/a> rocket carried<\/a> NASA\u2019s new exoplanet telescope, Pandora<\/a>, into orbit.<\/p>\n

Exoplanets are worlds that orbit other stars. They are very difficult to observe because \u2013 seen from Earth \u2013 they appear as extremely faint dots right next to their host stars, which are millions to billions of times brighter and drown out the light reflected by the planets. The Pandora telescope will join and complement NASA\u2019s James Webb Space Telescope<\/a> in studying these faraway planets and the stars they orbit.<\/p>\n

I am<\/a> an astronomy professor at the University of Arizona<\/a> who specializes in studies of planets around other stars and astrobiology. I am a co-investigator of Pandora and leading its exoplanet science working group. We built Pandora to shatter a barrier \u2013 to understand and remove a source of noise in the data \u2013 that limits our ability to study small exoplanets in detail and search for life on them.<\/p>\n

Observing exoplanets<\/p>\n

Astronomers have a trick to study exoplanet atmospheres. By observing the planets as they orbit in front of their host stars, we can study starlight<\/a> that filters through their atmospheres. <\/p>\n

These planetary transit observations are similar to holding a glass of red wine up to a candle: The light filtering through will show fine details that reveal the quality of the wine. By analyzing starlight filtered through the planets\u2019 atmospheres, astronomers can find evidence for water vapor, hydrogen, clouds and even search for evidence of life<\/a>. Researchers improved transit observations in 2002<\/a>, opening an exciting window to new worlds. <\/p>\n<\/p>\n

When a planet passes in front of its star, astronomers can measure the dip in brightness, and see how the light filtering through the planet\u2019s atmosphere changes.<\/p>\n

For a while, it seemed to work perfectly. But, starting from 2007, astronomers noted<\/a> that starspots \u2013 cooler, active regions on the stars \u2013 may disturb the transit measurements. <\/p>\n

In 2018 and 2019, then-Ph.D. student Benjamin V. Rackham<\/a>, astrophysicist Mark Giampapa<\/a> and I published a series of studies<\/a> showing how darker starspots and brighter, magnetically active stellar regions can seriously mislead exoplanets measurements. We dubbed this problem \u201cthe transit light source effect.\u201d<\/p>\n

Most stars are spotted<\/a>, active and change continuously<\/a>. Ben, Mark and I showed that these changes alter the signals from exoplanets. To make things worse, some stars also have water vapor in their upper layers \u2013 often more prominent in starspots than outside of them. That and other gases can confuse astronomers, who may think that they found water vapor in the planet. <\/p>\n

In our papers \u2013 published three years before the 2021 launch of the James Webb Space Telescope<\/a> \u2013 we predicted that the Webb cannot reach its full potential. We sounded the alarm bell. Astronomers realized that we were trying to judge our wine in light of flickering, unstable candles.<\/p>\n

\"A<\/p>\n

Members of the Pandora SmallSat team with the completed satellite in Blue Canyon Technologies\u2019 cleanroom in Boulder, Colorado, before Pandora was shipped to California for integration into the SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket.
\n Blue Canyon Technologies<\/p>\n

The birth of Pandora<\/p>\n

For me, Pandora began with an intriguing email from NASA in 2018. Two prominent scientists from NASA\u2019s Goddard Space Flight Center<\/a>, Elisa Quintana<\/a> and Tom Barclay<\/a>, asked to chat. They had an unusual plan: They wanted to build a space telescope very quickly to help tackle stellar contamination \u2013 in time to assist Webb. This was an exciting idea, but also very challenging. Space telescopes are very complex, and not something that you would normally want to put together in a rush.<\/p>\n

\"The<\/p>\n

Artist\u2019s concept of NASA\u2019s Pandora Space Telescope.
\n NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center\/Conceptual Image Lab<\/a>, CC BY<\/a><\/p>\n

Pandora breaks with NASA\u2019s conventional model. We proposed and built Pandora faster and at a significantly lower cost than is typical for NASA missions. Our approach meant keeping the mission simple and accepting somewhat higher risks. <\/p>\n

What makes Pandora special?<\/p>\n

Pandora is smaller and cannot collect as much light as its bigger brother Webb. But Pandora will do what Webb cannot: It will be able to patiently observe stars to understand how their complex atmospheres change. <\/p>\n

By staring at a star for 24 hours with visible and infrared<\/a> cameras, it will measure subtle changes in the star\u2019s brightness and colors. When active regions in the star rotate in and out of view, and starspots form, evolve and dissipate, Pandora will record them. While Webb very rarely returns to the same planet in the same instrument configuration and almost never monitors their host stars, Pandora will revisit its target stars 10 times over a year, spending over 200 hours on each of them. <\/p>\n<\/p>\n

NASA\u2019s Pandora mission will revolutionize the study of exoplanet atmospheres.<\/p>\n

With that information, our Pandora team will be able to figure out how the changes in the stars affect the observed planetary transits. Like Webb, Pandora will observe the planetary transit events, too. By combining data from Pandora and Webb, our team will be able to understand what exoplanet atmospheres are made of in more detail than ever before. <\/p>\n

After the successful launch, Pandora is now circling Earth about every 90 minutes. Pandora\u2019s systems and functions are now being tested thoroughly by Blue Canyon Technologies<\/a>, Pandora\u2019s primary builder.<\/p>\n

About a week after launch, control of the spacecraft will transition to the University of Arizona\u2019s<\/a> Multi-Mission Operation Center<\/a> in Tucson, Arizona. Then the work of our science teams begins in earnest and we will begin capturing starlight filtered through the atmospheres of other worlds \u2013 and see them with a new, steady eye.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"On Jan. 11, 2026, I watched anxiously at the tightly controlled Vandenberg Space Force Base in California as…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":406718,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[64,63,128,285],"class_list":["post-406717","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-space","tag-au","tag-australia","tag-science","tag-space"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/au\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/406717","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/au\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/au\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/au\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/au\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=406717"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/au\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/406717\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/au\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/406718"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/au\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=406717"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/au\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=406717"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/au\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=406717"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}