Cai, J. et al. Signatures of fractional quantum anomalous Hall states in twisted MoTe2. Nature 622, 63–68 (2023).

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Park, H. et al. Observation of fractionally quantized anomalous Hall effect. Nature 622, 74–79 (2023).

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Zeng, Y. et al. Thermodynamic evidence of fractional Chern insulator in moiré MoTe2. Nature 622, 69–73 (2023).

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Xu, Y. et al. Correlated insulating states at fractional fillings of moiré superlattices. Nature 587, 214–218 (2020).

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Regan, E. C. et al. Mott and generalized Wigner crystal states in WSe2/WS2 moiré superlattices. Nature 579, 359–363 (2020).

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Tang, Y. et al. Simulation of Hubbard model physics in WSe2/WS2 moiré superlattices. Nature 579, 353–358 (2020).

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Shimazaki, Y. et al. Strongly correlated electrons and hybrid excitons in a moiré heterostructure. Nature 580, 472–477 (2020).

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Smoleński, T. et al. Signatures of Wigner crystal of electrons in a monolayer semiconductor. Nature 595, 53–57 (2021).

Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Zhou, Y. et al. Bilayer Wigner crystals in a transition metal dichalcogenide heterostructure. Nature 595, 48–52 (2021).

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Jin, C. et al. Observation of moiré excitons in WSe2/WS2 heterostructure superlattices. Nature 567, 76–80 (2019).

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Tran, K. et al. Evidence for moiré excitons in van der Waals heterostructures. Nature 567, 71–75 (2019).

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar
 

Karni, O. et al. Structure of the moiré exciton captured by imaging its electron and hole. Nature 603, 247–252 (2022).

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Lagoin, C., Suffit, S., Baldwin, K., Pfeiffer, L. & Dubin, F. Mott insulator of strongly interacting two-dimensional semiconductor excitons. Nat. Phys. 18, 149–153 (2022).

Article 
CAS 

Google Scholar
 

Xiong, R. et al. Correlated insulator of excitons in WSe2/WS2 moiré superlattices. Science 380, 860–864 (2023).

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Park, H. et al. Dipole ladders with large Hubbard interaction in a moiré exciton lattice. Nat. Phys. 19, 1286–1292 (2023).

Article 
CAS 

Google Scholar
 

Wang, X. et al. Intercell moiré exciton complexes in electron lattices. Nat. Mater. 22, 599–604 (2023).

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Gao, B. et al. Excitonic Mott insulator in a Bose-Fermi-Hubbard system of moiré WS2/WSe2 heterobilayer. Nat. Commun. 15, 2305 (2024).

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar
 

Lian, Z. et al. Valley-polarized excitonic mott insulator in WS2/WSe2 moiré superlattice. Nat. Phys. 20, 34–39 (2024).

Article 
CAS 

Google Scholar
 

Rivera, P. et al. Valley-polarized exciton dynamics in a 2D semiconductor heterostructure. Science 351, 688–691 (2016).

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Li, W., Lu, X., Dubey, S., Devenica, L. & Srivastava, A. Dipolar interactions between localized interlayer excitons in van der Waals heterostructures. Nat. Mater. 19, 624–629 (2020).

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Kremser, M. et al. Discrete interactions between a few interlayer excitons trapped at a MoSe2-WSe2 heterointerface. npj 2DMater. Appl. 4, 39 (2020).


Google Scholar
 

Lagoin, C. et al. Extended Bose–Hubbard model with dipolar excitons. Nature 609, 485–489 (2022).

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Lagoin, C., Baldwin, K., Pfeiffer, L. & Dubin, F. Superlattice quantum solid of dipolar excitons. Phys. Rev. Lett. 132, 176001 (2024).

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Kumlin, J., Srivastava, A. & Pohl, T. Superradiance of strongly interacting dipolar excitons in moiré quantum materials (2024). Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 126901 (2025).

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Huang, T.-S. et al. Collective optical properties of moiré‚ excitons. Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 176901 (2025).

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Lagoin, C., Morin, C., Baldwin, K., Pfeiffer, L. & Dubin, F. Evidence for a lattice supersolid of subradiant dipolar excitons. Preprint at http://arxiv.org/abs/2410.17162 (2024).

Li, H. et al. Imaging two-dimensional generalized Wigner crystals. Nature 597, 650–654 (2021).

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Montblanch, A. R.-P. et al. Confinement of long-lived interlayer excitons in WS2/WSe2 heterostructures. Commun. Phys. 4, 119 (2021).

Article 
CAS 

Google Scholar
 

Miller, B. et al. Long-lived direct and indirect interlayer excitons in van der Waals heterostructures. Nano Lett. 17, 5229–5237 (2017).

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Jauregui, L. A. et al. Electrical control of interlayer exciton dynamics in atomically thin heterostructures. Science 366, 870–875 (2019).

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Choi, J. et al. Twist angle-dependent interlayer exciton lifetimes in van der Waals heterostructures. Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 047401 (2021).

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Moody, G., Schaibley, J. & Xu, X. Exciton dynamics in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides. J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 33, C39–C49 (2016).

Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar
 

Zhang, X.-X., You, Y., Zhao, S. Y. F. & Heinz, T. F. Experimental evidence for dark excitons in monolayer WSe2. Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 257403 (2015).

Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Wu, F., Lovorn, T., Tutuc, E. & MacDonald, A. H. Hubbard model physics in transition metal dichalcogenide moiré bands. Phys. Rev. Lett. 121, 026402 (2018).

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Shabani, S. et al. Deep moiré potentials in twisted transition metal dichalcogenide bilayers. Nat. Phys. 17, 720–725 (2021).

Article 
CAS 

Google Scholar
 

Wilson, N. R. et al. Determination of band offsets, hybridization, and exciton binding in 2D semiconductor heterostructures. Sci. Adv. 3, e1601832 (2017).

Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar
 

Zhang, D., Schoenherr, P., Sharma, P. & Seidel, J. Ferroelectric order in van der Waals layered materials. Nat. Rev. Mater. 8, 25–40 (2023).

Article 

Google Scholar
 

de Paz, A. et al. Nonequilibrium quantum magnetism in a dipolar lattice gas. Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 185305 (2013).

Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Zhang, C., Safavi-Naini, A., Rey, A. M. & Capogrosso-Sansone, B. Equilibrium phases of tilted dipolar lattice bosons. New J. Phys. 17, 123014 (2015).

Article 

Google Scholar
 

Huber, J., Kirton, P. & Rabl, P. Nonequilibrium magnetic phases in spin lattices with gain and loss. Phys. Rev. A 102, 012219 (2020).

Article 
CAS 

Google Scholar
 

Su, L. et al. Dipolar quantum solids emerging in a Hubbard quantum simulator. Nature 622, 724–729 (2023).

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Rui, J. et al. A subradiant optical mirror formed by a single structured atomic layer. Nature 583, 369–374 (2020).

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Wu, F. Y. The Potts model. Rev. Mod. Phys. 54, 235–268 (1982).

Article 

Google Scholar
 

Park, H. Three-state Potts model on a triangular lattice. Phys. Rev. B 49, 12881–12887 (1994).

Article 
CAS 

Google Scholar
 

de Vega, I., Cirac, J. I. & Porras, D. Detection of spin correlations in optical lattices by light scattering. Phys. Rev. A 77, 051804 (2008).

Article 

Google Scholar
 

Pizzi, A., Gorlach, A., Rivera, N., Nunnenkamp, A. & Kaminer, I. Light emission from strongly driven many-body systems. Nat. Phys. 19, 551–561 (2023).

Article 
CAS 

Google Scholar
 

Zomer, P., Guimarães, M., Brant, J., Tombros, N. & Van Wees, B. Fast pick up technique for high quality heterostructures of bilayer graphene and hexagonal boron nitride. Appl. Phys. Lett. 105, 013101 (2014).

Article 

Google Scholar
 

Kim, K. et al. Van der Waals heterostructures with high accuracy rotational alignment. Nano Lett. 16, 1989–1995 (2016).

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar