The federal government has approved the limited, temporary use of strychnine in Saskatchewan and Alberta, responding to mounting pressure from farmers dealing with a surge in Richardson Ground Squirrel populations.
In a joint statement released March 30, Health Canada said the emergency authorization is aimed at addressing “multi-million dollars” in crop damage caused by the rodents, commonly known as gophers. The approval falls under the Pest Control Products Act and will allow controlled use of strychnine until November 2027.
The decision follows a revised joint request submitted by both provinces, which included additional environmental safeguards and restrictions.
Emergency measure with added safeguards
Federal officials say the authorization comes with tighter controls than previous uses of the toxic rodenticide. These include a reduced geographic scope and strengthened product stewardship requirements designed to limit risks to wildlife and the environment.
The approval was granted after collaboration between federal departments and provincial governments, including offices led by Marjorie Michel and Heath MacDonald.
In their statement, the ministers framed the decision as part of a broader effort to support farmers facing economic uncertainty, trade challenges, and environmental pressures.
Farmers facing mounting losses
The infestation of Richardson Ground Squirrel has worsened across the Prairies, with dry conditions contributing to a population boom. The animals are known to damage crops, pastureland, and agricultural infrastructure, creating significant financial strain for producers.
Saskatchewan Agriculture Minister David Marit welcomed the move, saying producers have been struggling with limited options.
“Saskatchewan producers have been clear about the challenges they face in managing gophers with the limited tools currently available,” Marit said. “We’re pleased to see the emergency use request granted as a practical opportunity for producers to demonstrate how strychnine can help protect their crops and pastures from continued damage.”
In Alberta, RJ Sigurdson said the return of strychnine offers much-needed relief.
“This decision means that many prairie farmers will have another tool back in their toolbox for gopher control,” Sigurdson said. “With this effective tool back in the hands of our producers, they will be able to better manage their operations and reduce excessive crop and grassland losses.”
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Balancing agriculture and environmental concerns
Strychnine use has long been controversial due to its potential impacts on non-target species, including predators and scavengers. Federal officials say the updated application includes “significant” mitigation measures intended to reduce those risks to acceptable levels.
The temporary authorization will allow the provinces to monitor its effectiveness and environmental impact over the next growing seasons.
Officials say the move reflects a coordinated “Team Canada” approach to protecting food security and supporting the agricultural economy during a period of ongoing uncertainty.