{"id":747024,"date":"2026-06-19T10:10:13","date_gmt":"2026-06-19T10:10:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ca\/747024\/"},"modified":"2026-06-19T10:10:13","modified_gmt":"2026-06-19T10:10:13","slug":"what-if-time-isnt-fundamental-physicists-just-tested-the-idea-in-the-lab","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ca\/747024\/","title":{"rendered":"What if Time Isn\u2019t Fundamental? Physicists Just Tested the Idea in the Lab"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Hourglass<\/a>A new quantum experiment suggests that time may emerge from the internal dynamics of a system rather than from an external clock. Credit: Shutterstock<\/p>\n

A quantum \u201cmini universe\u201d made from ultracold atoms revealed that time can emerge from entropy changes inside a system, offering experimental insight into one of physics\u2019 deepest mysteries.<\/p>\n

A scientist at the University of Birmingham<\/a> has created a \u201cmini universe\u201d that could help answer one of science\u2019s most fundamental questions: What is time?<\/p>\n

In a study published in Physical Review Research, Professor Giovanni Barontini demonstrates that it is possible to track the passage of time without relying on a clock. The research introduces a model in which a form of time emerges naturally from the behavior of the system being studied.<\/p>\n

Some physics theories, including the Wheeler\u2013DeWitt equation, suggest that time is not a fundamental property of the universe. Instead, the universe may exist as a single quantum state that does not change, with particles displaying both wave-like and particle-like behavior. In this view, there is no external clock, and the experience of time arises from relationships between different parts of the system.<\/p>\n

\"UniversityThe University of Birmingham experiment to trap and cool rubidium atoms close to absolute zero. Credit: University of BirminghamA Clockless Universe and the Nature of Time<\/p>\n

To explore this idea, Barontini created a sealed quantum system using a cloud of 24,000 ultracold atoms, cooled to just a few billionths of a degree above absolute zero. The atoms were trapped and separated by a thin barrier created with two laser beams of different frequencies, forming an observed \u201cbright\u201d region and an unobserved \u201cdark\u201d region.<\/p>\n

The bright region repeatedly expands and contracts, resembling a Big Bang followed by a Big Crunch, a hypothetical scenario in which the universe\u2019s expansion eventually reverses. Because the sequence of events can be reconstructed from inside the system, the experiment does not require any reference to an external clock.<\/p>\n

\"OpticsOptics to deliver the lasers on the atoms. Credit: University of Birmingham<\/p>\n

The results show that time can emerge from changes taking place within a quantum system rather than existing as an independent external feature.<\/p>\n

The mini universe also revealed that time can arise from entropy, the spread or disorder of particles within a system. Atoms were able to move between the bright and dark regions while the system remained isolated from the outside world.<\/p>\n

Building a Mini Universe From Ultracold Atoms<\/p>\n

As atoms moved in and out of the bright region, the distribution of particles changed. When that distribution increased or decreased, the system effectively moved forward in time. When the distribution remained unchanged, time effectively came to a halt. Barontini describes this process as \u201centropic time\u201d because it:<\/p>\n

Flows in a single direction, creating a clear \u201carrow of time\u201dCorrectly orders events, even in a system that expands and contracts like a miniature universeSpeeds up or slows down depending on how entropy is redistributed\"GiovanniGiovanni Barontini, Professor of Physics, at the University of Birmingham, with the apparatus to trap and cool rubidium atoms in the background. Credit: University of BirminghamEntropic Time and the Arrow of Time<\/p>\n

Professor Barontini said: \u201cIn some theories of the universe, especially quantum gravity, time doesn\u2019t appear as a built\u2011in feature. Yet in everyday life, time flows from past to future \u2013 why is this so, when most basic laws of physics work the same way forwards and backwards?\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u201cThis study provides the first controlled experimental evidence that\u00a0\u2018time\u2019\u00a0can be defined\u00a0by changes within a system\u00a0rather than as the external \u2018ticking clock\u2019 we think of as time. It offers new insight into the nature of time in quantum gravity\u00a0that could be used to describe dynamics just as effectively as conventional time.\u201d\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n

The study also shows that a version of the Schr\u00f6dinger equation, one of the central equations of quantum mechanics, can be expressed using entropic time. This allows researchers to predict how a quantum system\u2019s \u201cprobability cloud\u201d evolves over time.<\/p>\n

\"PartPart of the apparatus to trap and cool rubidium atoms close to absolute zero (~-273.15 degrees Celsius). Credit: University of BirminghamExperimental Evidence for Emergent Time<\/p>\n

The research tackles a long-standing question in physics: if certain theories of the universe contain no built-in clock, how can events be placed in order without an external measure of time?<\/p>\n

Barontini showed that the system still follows the standard laws of quantum physics, demonstrating that questions about the nature of time, once limited to theories of the entire universe, can now be investigated through controlled laboratory experiments.<\/p>\n

The experiment provides a valuable testing ground for ideas in quantum cosmology and gravity, making it possible to examine concepts related to the early universe under laboratory conditions.<\/p>\n

The method could eventually be applied to more complex systems, allowing scientists to study the physics of both the Big Bang and the Big Crunch. It may also help researchers simulate black holes in the laboratory and evaluate competing theories about how time emerges in the universe.<\/p>\n

Reference: \u201cTesting the problem of time with cold atoms\u201d by Giovanni Barontini, 11 June 2026,\u00a0Physical Review Research.
DOI: 10.1103\/1h9j-df4k<\/a><\/p>\n

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Follow us on Google<\/a> and Google News<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"A new quantum experiment suggests that time may emerge from the internal dynamics of a system rather than…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":696236,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[49,48,314,6814,5964,66,7479,141481],"class_list":["post-747024","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-physics","tag-ca","tag-canada","tag-physics","tag-quantum-mechanics","tag-quantum-physics","tag-science","tag-time","tag-university-of-birmingham"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/747024","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=747024"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/747024\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/696236"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=747024"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=747024"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=747024"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}