A newly identified factor has revealed a troubling connection between certain infections and dementia risk, according to scientists.
Dementia represents a syndrome—a collection of related symptoms—tied to the gradual decline of brain function. This can lead to memory loss and shifts in behavior and personality. Early detection of warning signs is crucial for managing symptoms effectively.
Researchers at the University of Helsinki in Finland have uncovered a significant risk factor in their latest study: severe urinary tract infections (UTIs) and other bacterial illnesses are strongly associated with an elevated likelihood of developing dementia in later years.
What is a urinary tract infection?
A UTI occurs when bacteria enter the urinary tract via the urethra, causing infection in the bladder and occasionally spreading to the kidneys.
The Mayo Clinic lists the following as UTI symptoms:
A burning feeling when urinating.A strong urge to urinate that doesn’t go away.Urinating often and passing small amounts of urine.Urine that looks red, bright pink or cola-colored. This can be a sign of blood in the urine.Pelvic pain. This pain occurs mostly in the center of the pelvis and around the area of the pubic bone.What’s the connection between UTIs and dementia risk?
“During the past few years, considerable research interest has focused on the potential role of infectious diseases in the development of dementia,” the researchers stated.
The study identified 29 hospital-treated conditions associated with dementia risk. While these encompassed mental, carbometabolic, behavioral, and digestive diseases, only two infection types emerged: UTIs and bacterial infections, Science Alert reported.
After accounting for 27 other diseases and variables like education and employment status, the research revealed that serious infections, particularly UTIs, were linked to a 19% heightened risk of dementia development.
Therefore, preventing such infections could serve as a strategy to lower dementia risk in later years.
What’s the connection between UTIs and dementia risk?
Regarding why this link might exist, infections may spark inflammation, and the body’s efforts to combat these symptoms can push the immune system into overdrive, potentially damaging the brain down the line.
The study discovered an average gap of five to six years between the infections and dementia diagnosis.
“This time frame suggests that the inflammatory insult resulting from infections severe enough to require hospital treatment may accelerate the pre-existing preclinical stage of dementia rather than initiate neurodegeneration in a cognitively healthy person,” the researchers stated.
Although this research doesn’t establish a direct cause-and-effect relationship or prove that UTIs directly trigger dementia, the connection is substantial enough to merit additional research.