Britannia’s analysis, echoed by Gard’s comparable findings, does not argue that operational safety culture has been wasted effort. Falls, machinery injuries and man overboard incidents are real, they carry a high fatality rate when they occur, and effective risk management reduces them. What the data argues is that the same rigour applied to operational safety needs to be applied to the slower, less visible risks that account for eight in ten of the deaths a P&I club is actually registering.