{"id":124842,"date":"2025-11-06T11:05:16","date_gmt":"2025-11-06T11:05:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ie\/124842\/"},"modified":"2025-11-06T11:05:16","modified_gmt":"2025-11-06T11:05:16","slug":"long-term-efficacy-of-anterior-nucleus-of-the-thalamus-deep-brain-stimulation-in-drug-resistant-epilepsy-a-5-year-multicenter-study-bmc-medicine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ie\/124842\/","title":{"rendered":"Long-term efficacy of anterior nucleus of the thalamus deep brain stimulation in drug-resistant epilepsy: a 5-year multicenter study | BMC Medicine"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR1\">Asadi-Pooya AA, Brigo F, Lattanzi S, Blumcke I. Adult epilepsy. Lancet. 2023;402(10399):412\u201324.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=37459868\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 1\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 1\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Adult%20epilepsy&amp;journal=Lancet&amp;volume=402&amp;issue=10399&amp;pages=412-24&amp;publication_year=2023&amp;author=Asadi-Pooya%2CAA&amp;author=Brigo%2CF&amp;author=Lattanzi%2CS&amp;author=Blumcke%2CI\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR2\">Fiest KM, Sauro KM, Wiebe S, Patten SB, Kwon CS, Dykeman J, et al. Prevalence and incidence of epilepsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of international studies. Neurology. 2017;88(3):296\u2013303.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=27986877\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 2\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5272794\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 2\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 2\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Prevalence%20and%20incidence%20of%20epilepsy%3A%20a%20systematic%20review%20and%20meta-analysis%20of%20international%20studies&amp;journal=Neurology&amp;volume=88&amp;issue=3&amp;pages=296-303&amp;publication_year=2017&amp;author=Fiest%2CKM&amp;author=Sauro%2CKM&amp;author=Wiebe%2CS&amp;author=Patten%2CSB&amp;author=Kwon%2CCS&amp;author=Dykeman%2CJ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR3\">Kwan P, Arzimanoglou A, Berg AT, Brodie MJ, Allen Hauser W, Mathern G, et al. Definition of drug resistant epilepsy: consensus proposal by the ad hoc task force of the ILAE commission on therapeutic strategies. Epilepsia. 2010;51(6):1069\u201377.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/bmcmedicine.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXptFymsLs%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 3\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=19889013\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 3\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 3\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Definition%20of%20drug%20resistant%20epilepsy%3A%20consensus%20proposal%20by%20the%20ad%20hoc%20task%20force%20of%20the%20ILAE%20commission%20on%20therapeutic%20strategies&amp;journal=Epilepsia&amp;volume=51&amp;issue=6&amp;pages=1069-77&amp;publication_year=2010&amp;author=Kwan%2CP&amp;author=Arzimanoglou%2CA&amp;author=Berg%2CAT&amp;author=Brodie%2CMJ&amp;author=Allen%20Hauser%2CW&amp;author=Mathern%2CG\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR4\">Mesraoua B, Brigo F, Lattanzi S, Abou-Khalil B, Al Hail H, Asadi-Pooya AA. Drug-resistant epilepsy: definition, pathophysiology, and management. J Neurol Sci. 2023;452:120766.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/bmcmedicine.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BB3sXhslGnsr3N\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 4\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=37597343\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 4\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 4\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Drug-resistant%20epilepsy%3A%20definition%2C%20pathophysiology%2C%20and%20management&amp;journal=J%20Neurol%20Sci&amp;volume=452&amp;publication_year=2023&amp;author=Mesraoua%2CB&amp;author=Brigo%2CF&amp;author=Lattanzi%2CS&amp;author=Abou-Khalil%2CB&amp;author=Al%20Hail%2CH&amp;author=Asadi-Pooya%2CAA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR5\">Engel J Jr, McDermott MP, Wiebe S, Langfitt JT, Stern JM, Dewar S, et al. Early surgical therapy for drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy: a randomized trial. JAMA. 2012;307(9):922\u201330.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/bmcmedicine.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38XksVKgtLs%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 5\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=22396514\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 5\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4821633\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 5\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 5\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Early%20surgical%20therapy%20for%20drug-resistant%20temporal%20lobe%20epilepsy%3A%20a%20randomized%20trial&amp;journal=JAMA&amp;volume=307&amp;issue=9&amp;pages=922-30&amp;publication_year=2012&amp;author=Engel%2CJ&amp;author=McDermott%2CMP&amp;author=Wiebe%2CS&amp;author=Langfitt%2CJT&amp;author=Stern%2CJM&amp;author=Dewar%2CS\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR6\">Wiebe S, Blume WT, Girvin JP, Eliasziw M. A randomized, controlled trial of surgery for temporal-lobe epilepsy. N Engl J Med. 2001;345(5):311\u20138.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/bmcmedicine.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:STN:280:DC%2BD3MvjvVGrtA%3D%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 6\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=11484687\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 6\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 6\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=A%20randomized%2C%20controlled%20trial%20of%20surgery%20for%20temporal-lobe%20epilepsy&amp;journal=N%20Engl%20J%20Med&amp;volume=345&amp;issue=5&amp;pages=311-8&amp;publication_year=2001&amp;author=Wiebe%2CS&amp;author=Blume%2CWT&amp;author=Girvin%2CJP&amp;author=Eliasziw%2CM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR7\">Spotnitz M, Ekanayake CD, Ostropolets A, McKhann GM, Choi H, Ottman R, et al. Use of recommended neurodiagnostic evaluation among patients with drug-resistant epilepsy. JAMA Neurol. 2024;81(5):499\u2013506.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=38557864\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 7\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC10985618\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 7\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 7\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Use%20of%20recommended%20neurodiagnostic%20evaluation%20among%20patients%20with%20drug-resistant%20epilepsy&amp;journal=JAMA%20Neurol&amp;volume=81&amp;issue=5&amp;pages=499-506&amp;publication_year=2024&amp;author=Spotnitz%2CM&amp;author=Ekanayake%2CCD&amp;author=Ostropolets%2CA&amp;author=McKhann%2CGM&amp;author=Choi%2CH&amp;author=Ottman%2CR\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR8\">Theodore WH, Fisher RS. Brain stimulation for epilepsy. Lancet Neurol. 2004;3(2):111\u20138.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=14747003\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 8\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 8\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Brain%20stimulation%20for%20epilepsy&amp;journal=Lancet%20Neurol&amp;volume=3&amp;issue=2&amp;pages=111-8&amp;publication_year=2004&amp;author=Theodore%2CWH&amp;author=Fisher%2CRS\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR9\">Stypulkowski PH, Stanslaski SR, Jensen RM, Denison TJ, Giftakis JE. Brain stimulation for epilepsy\u2013local and remote modulation of network excitability. Brain Stimul. 2014;7(3):350\u20138.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=24613614\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 9\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 9\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Brain%20stimulation%20for%20epilepsy%E2%80%93local%20and%20remote%20modulation%20of%20network%20excitability&amp;journal=Brain%20Stimul&amp;volume=7&amp;issue=3&amp;pages=350-8&amp;publication_year=2014&amp;author=Stypulkowski%2CPH&amp;author=Stanslaski%2CSR&amp;author=Jensen%2CRM&amp;author=Denison%2CTJ&amp;author=Giftakis%2CJE\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR10\">Haneef Z, Skrehot HC. Neurostimulation in generalized epilepsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Epilepsia. 2023;64(4):811\u201320.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=36727550\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 10\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 10\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Neurostimulation%20in%20generalized%20epilepsy%3A%20a%20systematic%20review%20and%20meta-analysis&amp;journal=Epilepsia&amp;volume=64&amp;issue=4&amp;pages=811-20&amp;publication_year=2023&amp;author=Haneef%2CZ&amp;author=Skrehot%2CHC\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR11\">Peltola J, Colon AJ, Pimentel J, Coenen VA, Gil-Nagel A, Gon\u00e7alves Ferreira A, et al. Deep brain stimulation of the anterior nucleus of the thalamus in drug-resistant epilepsy in the MORE multicenter patient registry. Neurology. 2023;100(18):e1852-65.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/bmcmedicine.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BB3sXhtFyqt7vP\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 11\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=36927882\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 11\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC10159763\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 11\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 11\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Deep%20brain%20stimulation%20of%20the%20anterior%20nucleus%20of%20the%20thalamus%20in%20drug-resistant%20epilepsy%20in%20the%20MORE%20multicenter%20patient%20registry&amp;journal=Neurology&amp;volume=100&amp;issue=18&amp;pages=e1852-65&amp;publication_year=2023&amp;author=Peltola%2CJ&amp;author=Colon%2CAJ&amp;author=Pimentel%2CJ&amp;author=Coenen%2CVA&amp;author=Gil-Nagel%2CA&amp;author=Gon%C3%A7alves%20Ferreira%2CA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR12\">Fisher R, Salanova V, Witt T, Worth R, Henry T, Gross R, et al. Electrical stimulation of the anterior nucleus of thalamus for treatment of refractory epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2010;51(5):899\u2013908.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=20331461\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 12\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 12\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Electrical%20stimulation%20of%20the%20anterior%20nucleus%20of%20thalamus%20for%20treatment%20of%20refractory%20epilepsy&amp;journal=Epilepsia&amp;volume=51&amp;issue=5&amp;pages=899-908&amp;publication_year=2010&amp;author=Fisher%2CR&amp;author=Salanova%2CV&amp;author=Witt%2CT&amp;author=Worth%2CR&amp;author=Henry%2CT&amp;author=Gross%2CR\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR13\">Salanova V, Witt T, Worth R, Henry TR, Gross RE, Nazzaro JM, et al. Long-term efficacy and safety of thalamic stimulation for drug-resistant partial epilepsy. Neurology. 2015;84(10):1017\u201325.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/bmcmedicine.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2MXktlertL0%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 13\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=25663221\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 13\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4352097\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 13\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 13\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Long-term%20efficacy%20and%20safety%20of%20thalamic%20stimulation%20for%20drug-resistant%20partial%20epilepsy&amp;journal=Neurology&amp;volume=84&amp;issue=10&amp;pages=1017-25&amp;publication_year=2015&amp;author=Salanova%2CV&amp;author=Witt%2CT&amp;author=Worth%2CR&amp;author=Henry%2CTR&amp;author=Gross%2CRE&amp;author=Nazzaro%2CJM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR14\">Salanova V, Sperling MR, Gross RE, Irwin CP, Vollhaber JA, Giftakis JE, et al. The SANT\u00c9 study at 10 years of follow-up: effectiveness, safety, and sudden unexpected death in epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2021;62(6):1306\u201317.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/bmcmedicine.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BB3MXhslKhsb3N\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 14\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=33830503\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 14\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 14\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=The%20SANT%C3%89%20study%20at%2010%20years%20of%20follow-up%3A%20effectiveness%2C%20safety%2C%20and%20sudden%20unexpected%20death%20in%20epilepsy&amp;journal=Epilepsia&amp;volume=62&amp;issue=6&amp;pages=1306-17&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Salanova%2CV&amp;author=Sperling%2CMR&amp;author=Gross%2CRE&amp;author=Irwin%2CCP&amp;author=Vollhaber%2CJA&amp;author=Giftakis%2CJE\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR15\">Herrman H, Egge A, Konglund AE, Ramm-Pettersen J, Dietrichs E, Taub\u00f8ll E. Anterior thalamic deep brain stimulation in refractory epilepsy: a randomized, double-blinded study. Acta Neurol Scand. 2019;139(3):294\u2013304.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=30427061\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 15\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 15\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Anterior%20thalamic%20deep%20brain%20stimulation%20in%20refractory%20epilepsy%3A%20a%20randomized%2C%20double-blinded%20study&amp;journal=Acta%20Neurol%20Scand&amp;volume=139&amp;issue=3&amp;pages=294-304&amp;publication_year=2019&amp;author=Herrman%2CH&amp;author=Egge%2CA&amp;author=Konglund%2CAE&amp;author=Ramm-Pettersen%2CJ&amp;author=Dietrichs%2CE&amp;author=Taub%C3%B8ll%2CE\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR16\">Kerrigan JF, Litt B, Fisher RS, Cranstoun S, French JA, Blum DE, et al. Electrical stimulation of the anterior nucleus of the thalamus for the treatment of intractable epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2004;45(4):346\u201354.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=15030497\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 16\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 16\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Electrical%20stimulation%20of%20the%20anterior%20nucleus%20of%20the%20thalamus%20for%20the%20treatment%20of%20intractable%20epilepsy&amp;journal=Epilepsia&amp;volume=45&amp;issue=4&amp;pages=346-54&amp;publication_year=2004&amp;author=Kerrigan%2CJF&amp;author=Litt%2CB&amp;author=Fisher%2CRS&amp;author=Cranstoun%2CS&amp;author=French%2CJA&amp;author=Blum%2CDE\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR17\">Lee KJ, Shon YM, Cho CB. Long-term outcome of anterior thalamic nucleus stimulation for intractable epilepsy. Stereotact Funct Neurosurg. 2012;90(6):379\u201385.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=22922474\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 17\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 17\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Long-term%20outcome%20of%20anterior%20thalamic%20nucleus%20stimulation%20for%20intractable%20epilepsy&amp;journal=Stereotact%20Funct%20Neurosurg&amp;volume=90&amp;issue=6&amp;pages=379-85&amp;publication_year=2012&amp;author=Lee%2CKJ&amp;author=Shon%2CYM&amp;author=Cho%2CCB\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR18\">Herrera ML, Suller-Marti A, Parrent A, MacDougall K, Burneo JG. Stimulation of the anterior nucleus of the thalamus for epilepsy: a Canadian experience. Can J Neurol Sci. 2021;48(4):469\u201378.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=33059773\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 18\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 18\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Stimulation%20of%20the%20anterior%20nucleus%20of%20the%20thalamus%20for%20epilepsy%3A%20a%20Canadian%20experience&amp;journal=Can%20J%20Neurol%20Sci&amp;volume=48&amp;issue=4&amp;pages=469-78&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Herrera%2CML&amp;author=Suller-Marti%2CA&amp;author=Parrent%2CA&amp;author=MacDougall%2CK&amp;author=Burneo%2CJG\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR19\">Kaufmann E, B\u00f6tzel K, Vollmar C, Mehrkens JH, Noachtar S. What have we learned from 8 years of deep brain stimulation of the anterior thalamic nucleus? Experiences and insights of a single center. J Neurosurg. 2021;135(2):619\u201328.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=33126208\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 19\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 19\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=What%20have%20we%20learned%20from%208%20years%20of%20deep%20brain%20stimulation%20of%20the%20anterior%20thalamic%20nucleus%3F%20Experiences%20and%20insights%20of%20a%20single%20center&amp;journal=J%20Neurosurg&amp;volume=135&amp;issue=2&amp;pages=619-628&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Kaufmann%2CE&amp;author=B%C3%B6tzel%2CK&amp;author=Vollmar%2CC&amp;author=Mehrkens%2CJH&amp;author=Noachtar%2CS\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR20\">Ewert S, Plettig P, Li N, Chakravarty MM, Collins DL, Herrington TM, et al. Toward defining deep brain stimulation targets in MNI space: a subcortical atlas based on multimodal MRI, histology and structural connectivity. Neuroimage. 2018;170:271\u201382.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=28536045\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 20\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 20\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Toward%20defining%20deep%20brain%20stimulation%20targets%20in%20MNI%20space%3A%20a%20subcortical%20atlas%20based%20on%20multimodal%20MRI%2C%20histology%20and%20structural%20connectivity&amp;journal=Neuroimage&amp;volume=170&amp;pages=271-282&amp;publication_year=2018&amp;author=Ewert%2CS&amp;author=Plettig%2CP&amp;author=Li%2CN&amp;author=Chakravarty%2CMM&amp;author=Collins%2CDL&amp;author=Herrington%2CTM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR21\">M\u00f6tt\u00f6nen T, Katisko J, Haapasalo J, T\u00e4htinen T, Kiekara T, K\u00e4h\u00e4r\u00e4 V, et al. Defining the anterior nucleus of the thalamus (ANT) as a deep brain stimulation target in refractory epilepsy: delineation using 3 T MRI and intraoperative microelectrode recording. NeuroImage: Clinical. 2015;7:823\u20139.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=26082891\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 21\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 21\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Defining%20the%20anterior%20nucleus%20of%20the%20thalamus%20%28ANT%29%20as%20a%20deep%20brain%20stimulation%20target%20in%20refractory%20epilepsy%3A%20delineation%20using%203%20T%20MRI%20and%20intraoperative%20microelectrode%20recording&amp;journal=NeuroImage%3A%20Clinical&amp;volume=7&amp;pages=823-9&amp;publication_year=2015&amp;author=M%C3%B6tt%C3%B6nen%2CT&amp;author=Katisko%2CJ&amp;author=Haapasalo%2CJ&amp;author=T%C3%A4htinen%2CT&amp;author=Kiekara%2CT&amp;author=K%C3%A4h%C3%A4r%C3%A4%2CV\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR22\">Neudorfer C, Butenko K, Oxenford S, Rajamani N, Achtzehn J, Goede L, et al. Lead-dbs v3.0: mapping deep brain stimulation effects to local anatomy and global networks. Neuroimage. 2023;268:119862.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/bmcmedicine.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BB3sXhtlWqs7g%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 22\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=36610682\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 22\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 22\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Lead-dbs%20v3.0%3A%20mapping%20deep%20brain%20stimulation%20effects%20to%20local%20anatomy%20and%20global%20networks&amp;journal=Neuroimage&amp;volume=268&amp;publication_year=2023&amp;author=Neudorfer%2CC&amp;author=Butenko%2CK&amp;author=Oxenford%2CS&amp;author=Rajamani%2CN&amp;author=Achtzehn%2CJ&amp;author=Goede%2CL\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR23\">Fisher RS, Cross JH, D\u2019Souza C, French JA, Haut SR, Higurashi N, et al. Instruction manual for the ILAE 2017 operational classification of seizure types. Epilepsia. 2017;58(4):531\u201342.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=28276064\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 23\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 23\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Instruction%20manual%20for%20the%20ILAE%202017%20operational%20classification%20of%20seizure%20types&amp;journal=Epilepsia&amp;volume=58&amp;issue=4&amp;pages=531-542&amp;publication_year=2017&amp;author=Fisher%2CRS&amp;author=Cross%2CJH&amp;author=D%27Souza%2CC&amp;author=French%2CJA&amp;author=Haut%2CSR&amp;author=Higurashi%2CN\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR24\">Cramer JA, Perrine K, Devinsky O, Bryant-Comstock L, Meador K, Hermann B. Development and cross-cultural translations of a 31-item quality of life in epilepsy inventory. Epilepsia. 1998;39(1):81\u20138.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/bmcmedicine.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:STN:280:DyaK1c3jslWhtQ%3D%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 24\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=9578017\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 24\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 24\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Development%20and%20cross-cultural%20translations%20of%20a%2031-item%20quality%20of%20life%20in%20epilepsy%20inventory&amp;journal=Epilepsia&amp;volume=39&amp;issue=1&amp;pages=81-8&amp;publication_year=1998&amp;author=Cramer%2CJA&amp;author=Perrine%2CK&amp;author=Devinsky%2CO&amp;author=Bryant-Comstock%2CL&amp;author=Meador%2CK&amp;author=Hermann%2CB\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR25\">Kaufmann E, Peltola J, Colon AJ, Lehtim\u00e4ki K, Majtanik M, Mai JK, et al. Long-term evaluation of anterior thalamic deep brain stimulation for epilepsy in the European MORE registry. Epilepsia. 2024;65(8):2438\u201358.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=38837755\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 25\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 25\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Long-term%20evaluation%20of%20anterior%20thalamic%20deep%20brain%20stimulation%20for%20epilepsy%20in%20the%20European%20MORE%20registry&amp;journal=Epilepsia&amp;volume=65&amp;issue=8&amp;pages=2438-58&amp;publication_year=2024&amp;author=Kaufmann%2CE&amp;author=Peltola%2CJ&amp;author=Colon%2CAJ&amp;author=Lehtim%C3%A4ki%2CK&amp;author=Majtanik%2CM&amp;author=Mai%2CJK\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR26\">Shlobin NA, Sander JW. Current principles in the management of drug-resistant epilepsy. CNS Drugs. 2022;36(6):555\u201368.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=35590042\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 26\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 26\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Current%20principles%20in%20the%20management%20of%20drug-resistant%20epilepsy&amp;journal=CNS%20Drugs&amp;volume=36&amp;issue=6&amp;pages=555-568&amp;publication_year=2022&amp;author=Shlobin%2CNA&amp;author=Sander%2CJW\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR27\">Ashkan K, Rogers P, Bergman H, Ughratdar I. Insights into the mechanisms of deep brain stimulation. Nat Rev Neurol. 2017;13(9):548\u201354.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=28752857\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 27\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 27\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Insights%20into%20the%20mechanisms%20of%20deep%20brain%20stimulation&amp;journal=Nat%20Rev%20Neurol&amp;volume=13&amp;issue=9&amp;pages=548-54&amp;publication_year=2017&amp;author=Ashkan%2CK&amp;author=Rogers%2CP&amp;author=Bergman%2CH&amp;author=Ughratdar%2CI\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR28\">Miocinovic S, Somayajula S, Chitnis S, Vitek JL. History, applications, and mechanisms of deep brain stimulation. JAMA Neurol. 2013;70(2):163\u201371.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=23407652\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 28\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 28\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=History%2C%20applications%2C%20and%20mechanisms%20of%20deep%20brain%20stimulation&amp;journal=JAMA%20Neurol&amp;volume=70&amp;issue=2&amp;pages=163-71&amp;publication_year=2013&amp;author=Miocinovic%2CS&amp;author=Somayajula%2CS&amp;author=Chitnis%2CS&amp;author=Vitek%2CJL\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR29\">Reich MM, Hsu J, Ferguson M, Schaper F, Joutsa J, Roothans J, et al. A brain network for deep brain stimulation induced cognitive decline in Parkinson\u2019s disease. Brain. 2022;145(4):1410\u201321.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=35037938\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 29\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC9129093\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 29\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 29\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=A%20brain%20network%20for%20deep%20brain%20stimulation%20induced%20cognitive%20decline%20in%20Parkinson%E2%80%99s%20disease&amp;journal=Brain&amp;volume=145&amp;issue=4&amp;pages=1410-21&amp;publication_year=2022&amp;author=Reich%2CMM&amp;author=Hsu%2CJ&amp;author=Ferguson%2CM&amp;author=Schaper%2CF&amp;author=Joutsa%2CJ&amp;author=Roothans%2CJ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR30\">Moussawi K, Kim MJ, Baybayan S, Wood M, Mills KA. Deep brain stimulation effect on anterior pallidum reduces motor impulsivity in Parkinson\u2019s disease. Brain Stimul. 2022;15(1):23\u201331.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=34749005\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 30\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 30\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Deep%20brain%20stimulation%20effect%20on%20anterior%20pallidum%20reduces%20motor%20impulsivity%20in%20Parkinson%E2%80%99s%20disease&amp;journal=Brain%20Stimul&amp;volume=15&amp;issue=1&amp;pages=23-31&amp;publication_year=2022&amp;author=Moussawi%2CK&amp;author=Kim%2CMJ&amp;author=Baybayan%2CS&amp;author=Wood%2CM&amp;author=Mills%2CKA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR31\">Balint B, Mencacci NE, Valente EM, Pisani A, Rothwell J, Jankovic J, et al. Dystonia. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2018;4(1):25.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=30237473\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 31\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 31\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Dystonia&amp;journal=Nat%20Rev%20Dis%20Primers&amp;volume=4&amp;issue=1&amp;publication_year=2018&amp;author=Balint%2CB&amp;author=Mencacci%2CNE&amp;author=Valente%2CEM&amp;author=Pisani%2CA&amp;author=Rothwell%2CJ&amp;author=Jankovic%2CJ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR32\">Kaski D, Bronstein AM, Edwards MJ, Stone J. Cranial functional (psychogenic) movement disorders. Lancet Neurol. 2015;14(12):1196\u2013205.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=26581970\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 32\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 32\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Cranial%20functional%20%28psychogenic%29%20movement%20disorders&amp;journal=Lancet%20Neurol&amp;volume=14&amp;issue=12&amp;pages=1196-205&amp;publication_year=2015&amp;author=Kaski%2CD&amp;author=Bronstein%2CAM&amp;author=Edwards%2CMJ&amp;author=Stone%2CJ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR33\">Okun MS. Deep-brain stimulation for Parkinson\u2019s disease. N Engl J Med. 2013;368(5):483\u20134.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/bmcmedicine.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXitVeltrY%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 33\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=23363512\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 33\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 33\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Deep-brain%20stimulation%20for%20Parkinson%27s%20disease&amp;journal=N%20Engl%20J%20Med&amp;volume=368&amp;issue=5&amp;pages=483-484&amp;publication_year=2013&amp;author=Okun%2CMS\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR34\">Aiello G, Ledergerber D, Dubcek T, Stieglitz L, Baumann C, Polan\u00eca R, et al. Functional network dynamics between the anterior thalamus and the cortex in deep brain stimulation for epilepsy. Brain. 2023;146(11):4717\u201335.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=37343140\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 34\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 34\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Functional%20network%20dynamics%20between%20the%20anterior%20thalamus%20and%20the%20cortex%20in%20deep%20brain%20stimulation%20for%20epilepsy&amp;journal=Brain&amp;volume=146&amp;issue=11&amp;pages=4717-4735&amp;publication_year=2023&amp;author=Aiello%2CG&amp;author=Ledergerber%2CD&amp;author=Dubcek%2CT&amp;author=Stieglitz%2CL&amp;author=Baumann%2CC&amp;author=Polan%C3%ACa%2CR\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR35\">Krishna V, King NK, Sammartino F, Strauss I, Andrade DM, Wennberg RA, et al. Anterior nucleus deep brain stimulation for refractory epilepsy: insights into patterns of seizure control and efficacious target. Neurosurgery. 2016;78(6):802\u201311.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=26813858\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 35\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 35\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Anterior%20nucleus%20deep%20brain%20stimulation%20for%20refractory%20epilepsy%3A%20insights%20into%20patterns%20of%20seizure%20control%20and%20efficacious%20target&amp;journal=Neurosurgery&amp;volume=78&amp;issue=6&amp;pages=802-11&amp;publication_year=2016&amp;author=Krishna%2CV&amp;author=King%2CNK&amp;author=Sammartino%2CF&amp;author=Strauss%2CI&amp;author=Andrade%2CDM&amp;author=Wennberg%2CRA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR36\">Kay BP, DiFrancesco MW, Privitera MD, Gotman J, Holland SK, Szaflarski JP. Reduced default mode network connectivity in treatment-resistant idiopathic generalized epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2013;54(3):461\u201370.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/bmcmedicine.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXlsFSitrk%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 36\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=23293853\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 36\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3593969\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 36\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 36\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Reduced%20default%20mode%20network%20connectivity%20in%20treatment-resistant%20idiopathic%20generalized%20epilepsy&amp;journal=Epilepsia&amp;volume=54&amp;issue=3&amp;pages=461-70&amp;publication_year=2013&amp;author=Kay%2CBP&amp;author=DiFrancesco%2CMW&amp;author=Privitera%2CMD&amp;author=Gotman%2CJ&amp;author=Holland%2CSK&amp;author=Szaflarski%2CJP\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR37\">Assis ZA, Sevick R. Association of transsynaptic degeneration of the Papez circuit with anterior thalamic encephalomalacia. JAMA Neurol. 2018;75(11):1437\u20138.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=30128549\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 37\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 37\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Association%20of%20transsynaptic%20degeneration%20of%20the%20Papez%20circuit%20with%20anterior%20thalamic%20encephalomalacia&amp;journal=JAMA%20Neurol&amp;volume=75&amp;issue=11&amp;pages=1437-8&amp;publication_year=2018&amp;author=Assis%2CZA&amp;author=Sevick%2CR\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR38\">Schaper F, Plantinga BR, Colon AJ, Wagner GL, Boon P, Blom N, et al. Deep brain stimulation in epilepsy: a role for modulation of the mammillothalamic tract in seizure control? Neurosurgery. 2020;87(3):602\u201310.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=32421806\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 38\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC8210468\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 38\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 38\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Deep%20brain%20stimulation%20in%20epilepsy%3A%20a%20role%20for%20modulation%20of%20the%20mammillothalamic%20tract%20in%20seizure%20control%3F&amp;journal=Neurosurgery&amp;volume=87&amp;issue=3&amp;pages=602-10&amp;publication_year=2020&amp;author=Schaper%2CF&amp;author=Plantinga%2CBR&amp;author=Colon%2CAJ&amp;author=Wagner%2CGL&amp;author=Boon%2CP&amp;author=Blom%2CN\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR39\">Kim E, Ku J, Namkoong K, Lee W, Lee KS, Park JY, et al. Mammillothalamic functional connectivity and memory function in Wernicke\u2019s encephalopathy. Brain. 2009;132(Pt 2):369\u201376.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=19036763\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 39\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 39\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Mammillothalamic%20functional%20connectivity%20and%20memory%20function%20in%20Wernicke%E2%80%99s%20encephalopathy&amp;journal=Brain&amp;volume=132&amp;issue=Pt%202&amp;pages=369-76&amp;publication_year=2009&amp;author=Kim%2CE&amp;author=Ku%2CJ&amp;author=Namkoong%2CK&amp;author=Lee%2CW&amp;author=Lee%2CKS&amp;author=Park%2CJY\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR40\">Berkovic SF. Surgical treatment of temporal lobe epilepsy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2002;73(5):470.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/bmcmedicine.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:STN:280:DC%2BD38njvVSksA%3D%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 40\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=12397134\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 40\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC1738099\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 40\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 40\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Surgical%20treatment%20of%20temporal%20lobe%20epilepsy&amp;journal=J%20Neurol%20Neurosurg%20Psychiatry&amp;volume=73&amp;issue=5&amp;publication_year=2002&amp;author=Berkovic%2CSF\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR41\">Hong SJ, Bernhardt BC, Schrader DS, Bernasconi N, Bernasconi A. Whole-brain MRI phenotyping in dysplasia-related frontal lobe epilepsy. Neurology. 2016;86(7):643\u201350.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=26764030\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 41\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4762421\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 41\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 41\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Whole-brain%20MRI%20phenotyping%20in%20dysplasia-related%20frontal%20lobe%20epilepsy&amp;journal=Neurology&amp;volume=86&amp;issue=7&amp;pages=643-650&amp;publication_year=2016&amp;author=Hong%2CSJ&amp;author=Bernhardt%2CBC&amp;author=Schrader%2CDS&amp;author=Bernasconi%2CN&amp;author=Bernasconi%2CA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR42\">Bonini F, McGonigal A, Tr\u00e9buchon A, Gavaret M, Bartolomei F, Giusiano B, et al. Frontal lobe seizures: from clinical semiology to localization. Epilepsia. 2014;55(2):264\u201377.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=24372328\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 42\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 42\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Frontal%20lobe%20seizures%3A%20from%20clinical%20semiology%20to%20localization&amp;journal=Epilepsia&amp;volume=55&amp;issue=2&amp;pages=264-77&amp;publication_year=2014&amp;author=Bonini%2CF&amp;author=McGonigal%2CA&amp;author=Tr%C3%A9buchon%2CA&amp;author=Gavaret%2CM&amp;author=Bartolomei%2CF&amp;author=Giusiano%2CB\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR43\">Stypulkowski PH, Stanslaski SR, Giftakis JE. Modulation of hippocampal activity with fornix deep brain stimulation. Brain Stimul. 2017;10(6):1125\u201332.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=28927833\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 43\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 43\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Modulation%20of%20hippocampal%20activity%20with%20fornix%20deep%20brain%20stimulation&amp;journal=Brain%20Stimul&amp;volume=10&amp;issue=6&amp;pages=1125-32&amp;publication_year=2017&amp;author=Stypulkowski%2CPH&amp;author=Stanslaski%2CSR&amp;author=Giftakis%2CJE\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR44\">Aggleton JP, Pralus A, Nelson AJ, Hornberger M. Thalamic pathology and memory loss in early Alzheimer\u2019s disease: moving the focus from the medial temporal lobe to Papez circuit. Brain. 2016;139(Pt 7):1877\u201390.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=27190025\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 44\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4939698\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 44\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 44\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Thalamic%20pathology%20and%20memory%20loss%20in%20early%20Alzheimer%E2%80%99s%20disease%3A%20moving%20the%20focus%20from%20the%20medial%20temporal%20lobe%20to%20Papez%20circuit&amp;journal=Brain&amp;volume=139&amp;issue=Pt%207&amp;pages=1877-90&amp;publication_year=2016&amp;author=Aggleton%2CJP&amp;author=Pralus%2CA&amp;author=Nelson%2CAJ&amp;author=Hornberger%2CM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR45\">Xu C, Qi L, Wang X, Schaper F, Wu D, Yu T, et al. Functional connectomic profile correlates with effective anterior thalamic stimulation for refractory epilepsy. Brain Stimul. 2023;16(5):1302\u20139.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=37633491\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 45\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 45\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Functional%20connectomic%20profile%20correlates%20with%20effective%20anterior%20thalamic%20stimulation%20for%20refractory%20epilepsy&amp;journal=Brain%20Stimul&amp;volume=16&amp;issue=5&amp;pages=1302-9&amp;publication_year=2023&amp;author=Xu%2CC&amp;author=Qi%2CL&amp;author=Wang%2CX&amp;author=Schaper%2CF&amp;author=Wu%2CD&amp;author=Yu%2CT\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR46\">Sherdil A, Chabard\u00e8s S, David O, Piallat B. Coherence between the hippocampus and anterior thalamic nucleus as a tool to improve the effect of neurostimulation in temporal lobe epilepsy: an experimental study. Brain Stimul. 2020;13(6):1678\u201386.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=33035722\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 46\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 46\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Coherence%20between%20the%20hippocampus%20and%20anterior%20thalamic%20nucleus%20as%20a%20tool%20to%20improve%20the%20effect%20of%20neurostimulation%20in%20temporal%20lobe%20epilepsy%3A%20an%20experimental%20study&amp;journal=Brain%20Stimul&amp;volume=13&amp;issue=6&amp;pages=1678-86&amp;publication_year=2020&amp;author=Sherdil%2CA&amp;author=Chabard%C3%A8s%2CS&amp;author=David%2CO&amp;author=Piallat%2CB\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR47\">Yu T, Wang X, Li Y, Zhang G, Worrell G, Chauvel P, et al. High-frequency stimulation of anterior nucleus of thalamus desynchronizes epileptic network in humans. Brain. 2018;141(9):2631\u201343.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=29985998\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 47\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 47\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=High-frequency%20stimulation%20of%20anterior%20nucleus%20of%20thalamus%20desynchronizes%20epileptic%20network%20in%20humans&amp;journal=Brain&amp;volume=141&amp;issue=9&amp;pages=2631-2643&amp;publication_year=2018&amp;author=Yu%2CT&amp;author=Wang%2CX&amp;author=Li%2CY&amp;author=Zhang%2CG&amp;author=Worrell%2CG&amp;author=Chauvel%2CP\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR48\">Yang JC, Bullinger KL, Dickey AS, Karakis I, Alwaki A, Cabaniss BT, et al. Anterior nucleus of the thalamus deep brain stimulation vs temporal lobe responsive neurostimulation for temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2022;63(9):2290\u2013300.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=35704344\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 48\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC9675907\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 48\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 48\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Anterior%20nucleus%20of%20the%20thalamus%20deep%20brain%20stimulation%20vs%20temporal%20lobe%20responsive%20neurostimulation%20for%20temporal%20lobe%20epilepsy&amp;journal=Epilepsia&amp;volume=63&amp;issue=9&amp;pages=2290-300&amp;publication_year=2022&amp;author=Yang%2CJC&amp;author=Bullinger%2CKL&amp;author=Dickey%2CAS&amp;author=Karakis%2CI&amp;author=Alwaki%2CA&amp;author=Cabaniss%2CBT\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR49\">Wang Y, Shen Y, Cai X, Yu J, Chen C, Tan B, et al. Deep brain stimulation in the medial septum attenuates temporal lobe epilepsy via entrainment of hippocampal theta rhythm. CNS Neurosci Ther. 2021;27(5):577\u201386.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/bmcmedicine.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BB3MXotFGmsL4%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 49\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=33502829\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 49\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC8025637\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 49\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 49\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Deep%20brain%20stimulation%20in%20the%20medial%20septum%20attenuates%20temporal%20lobe%20epilepsy%20via%20entrainment%20of%20hippocampal%20theta%20rhythm&amp;journal=CNS%20Neurosci%20Ther&amp;volume=27&amp;issue=5&amp;pages=577-86&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Wang%2CY&amp;author=Shen%2CY&amp;author=Cai%2CX&amp;author=Yu%2CJ&amp;author=Chen%2CC&amp;author=Tan%2CB\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR50\">Scherer M, Milosevic L, Guggenberger R, Maus V, Naros G, Grimm F, et al. Desynchronization of temporal lobe theta-band activity during effective anterior thalamus deep brain stimulation in epilepsy. Neuroimage. 2020;218:116967.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=32445879\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 50\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 50\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Desynchronization%20of%20temporal%20lobe%20theta-band%20activity%20during%20effective%20anterior%20thalamus%20deep%20brain%20stimulation%20in%20epilepsy&amp;journal=Neuroimage&amp;volume=218&amp;publication_year=2020&amp;author=Scherer%2CM&amp;author=Milosevic%2CL&amp;author=Guggenberger%2CR&amp;author=Maus%2CV&amp;author=Naros%2CG&amp;author=Grimm%2CF\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR51\">Wolff M, Alcaraz F, Marchand AR, Coutureau E. Functional heterogeneity of the limbic thalamus: from hippocampal to cortical functions. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2015;54:120\u201330.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=25446945\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 51\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 51\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Functional%20heterogeneity%20of%20the%20limbic%20thalamus%3A%20from%20hippocampal%20to%20cortical%20functions&amp;journal=Neurosci%20Biobehav%20Rev&amp;volume=54&amp;pages=120-30&amp;publication_year=2015&amp;author=Wolff%2CM&amp;author=Alcaraz%2CF&amp;author=Marchand%2CAR&amp;author=Coutureau%2CE\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR52\">Marchesi O, Bonacchi R, Valsasina P, Rocca MA, Filippi M. Resting state effective connectivity abnormalities of the Papez circuit and cognitive performance in multiple sclerosis. Mol Psychiatry. 2022;27(9):3913\u20139.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=35624146\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 52\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 52\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Resting%20state%20effective%20connectivity%20abnormalities%20of%20the%20Papez%20circuit%20and%20cognitive%20performance%20in%20multiple%20sclerosis&amp;journal=Mol%20Psychiatry&amp;volume=27&amp;issue=9&amp;pages=3913-9&amp;publication_year=2022&amp;author=Marchesi%2CO&amp;author=Bonacchi%2CR&amp;author=Valsasina%2CP&amp;author=Rocca%2CMA&amp;author=Filippi%2CM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR53\">Liu J, Yu T, Wu J, Pan Y, Tan Z, Liu R, et al. Anterior thalamic stimulation improves working memory precision judgments. Brain Stimul. 2021;14(5):1073\u201380.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=34284167\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 53\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 53\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Anterior%20thalamic%20stimulation%20improves%20working%20memory%20precision%20judgments&amp;journal=Brain%20Stimul&amp;volume=14&amp;issue=5&amp;pages=1073-80&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Liu%2CJ&amp;author=Yu%2CT&amp;author=Wu%2CJ&amp;author=Pan%2CY&amp;author=Tan%2CZ&amp;author=Liu%2CR\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR54\">R\u00edos AS, Oxenford S, Neudorfer C, Butenko K, Li N, Rajamani N, et al. Optimal deep brain stimulation sites and networks for stimulation of the fornix in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Nat Commun. 2022;13(1):7707.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=36517479\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 54\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC9751139\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 54\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 54\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Optimal%20deep%20brain%20stimulation%20sites%20and%20networks%20for%20stimulation%20of%20the%20fornix%20in%20Alzheimer%E2%80%99s%20disease&amp;journal=Nat%20Commun&amp;volume=13&amp;issue=1&amp;publication_year=2022&amp;author=R%C3%ADos%2CAS&amp;author=Oxenford%2CS&amp;author=Neudorfer%2CC&amp;author=Butenko%2CK&amp;author=Li%2CN&amp;author=Rajamani%2CN\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR55\">Germann J, Elias GJB, Boutet A, Narang K, Neudorfer C, Horn A, et al. Brain structures and networks responsible for stimulation-induced memory flashbacks during forniceal deep brain stimulation for Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Alzheimers Dement. 2021;17(5):777\u201387.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=33480187\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 55\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 55\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Brain%20structures%20and%20networks%20responsible%20for%20stimulation-induced%20memory%20flashbacks%20during%20forniceal%20deep%20brain%20stimulation%20for%20Alzheimer%E2%80%99s%20disease&amp;journal=Alzheimers%20Dement&amp;volume=17&amp;issue=5&amp;pages=777-87&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Germann%2CJ&amp;author=Elias%2CGJB&amp;author=Boutet%2CA&amp;author=Narang%2CK&amp;author=Neudorfer%2CC&amp;author=Horn%2CA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Asadi-Pooya AA, Brigo F, Lattanzi S, Blumcke I. Adult epilepsy. Lancet. 2023;402(10399):412\u201324. PubMed\u00a0 Google Scholar\u00a0 Fiest KM, Sauro&hellip;\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":124843,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[4730,3257,23365,1437,103,61,60,13134,3260,27371,73839,47539],"class_list":["post-124842","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-health","tag-biomedicine","tag-deep-brain-stimulation","tag-epilepsy","tag-general","tag-health","tag-ie","tag-ireland","tag-medicine-public-health","tag-neuromodulation","tag-neuropsychology","tag-seizures","tag-thalamus"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/124842","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=124842"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/124842\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/124843"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=124842"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=124842"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=124842"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}