NEW YORK (AP) \u2014 Elon Musk vowed this week to upend another industry just as he did with cars and rockets \u2014 and once again he\u2019s taking on long odds.<\/p>\n
The world\u2019s richest man said he wants to put as many as a million satellites into orbit to form vast, solar-powered data centers in space \u2014 a move to allow expanded use of artificial intelligence and chatbots without triggering blackouts and sending utility bills soaring.<\/p>\n
To finance that effort, Musk combined SpaceX with his AI business on Monday and plans a big initial public offering of the combined company.<\/p>\n
\u201cSpace-based AI is obviously the only way to scale,\u201d Musk wrote on SpaceX\u2019s website Monday, adding about his solar ambitions, \u201cIt\u2019s always sunny in space!\u201d<\/p>\n
But scientists and industry experts say even Musk \u2014 who outsmarted Detroit to turn Tesla into the world\u2019s most valuable automaker \u2014 faces formidable technical, financial and environmental obstacles. <\/p>\n
Here\u2019s a look: <\/p>\n
Feeling the heat<\/p>\n
Capturing the sun\u2019s energy from space to run chatbots and other AI tools would ease pressure on power grids and cut demand for sprawling computing warehouses that are consuming farms and forests and vast amounts of water to cool.<\/p>\n
But space presents its own set of problems.<\/p>\n
Data centers generate enormous heat. Space seems to offer a solution because it is cold. But it is also a vacuum, trapping heat inside objects in the same way that a Thermos keeps coffee hot using double walls with no air between them. <\/p>\n
\u201cAn uncooled computer chip in space would overheat and melt much faster than one on Earth,\u201d said Josep Jornet, a computer and electrical engineering professor at Northeastern University.<\/p>\n
One fix is to build giant radiator panels that glow in infrared light to push the heat \u201cout into the dark void,\u201d says Jornet, noting that the technology has worked on a small scale, including on the International Space Station. But for Musk\u2019s data centers, he says, it would require an array of \u201cmassive, fragile structures that have never been built before.\u201d<\/p>\n
Musk is undaunted.<\/p>\n
\u201cYou can mark my words,\u201d Musk said in a preview of a Cheeky Pint podcast episode airing Thursday. \u201cIn 36 months, but probably closer to 30 months, the most economically compelling place to put AI will be space. And then it will get ridiculously better to be in space.\u201d<\/p>\n
Floating debris<\/p>\n
Then there is space junk.<\/p>\n
A single malfunctioning satellite breaking down or losing orbit could trigger a cascade of collisions, potentially disrupting emergency communications, weather forecasting and other services.<\/p>\n
Musk noted in a recent regulatory filing that he has had only one \u201clow-velocity debris generating event\u201d in seven years running Starlink, his satellite communications network. Starlink has operated about 10,000 satellites \u2014 but that\u2019s a fraction of the million or so he now plans to put in space.<\/p>\n
\u201cWe could reach a tipping point where the chance of collision is going to be too great,\u201d said University at Buffalo\u2019s John Crassidis, a former NASA engineer. \u201cAnd these objects are going fast — 17,500 miles per hour. There could be very violent collisions.\u201d<\/p>\n
No repair crews<\/p>\n
Even without collisions, satellites fail, chips degrade, parts break. <\/p>\n
Special GPU graphics chips used by AI companies, for instance, can become damaged and need to be replaced.<\/p>\n
\u201cOn Earth, what you would do is send someone down to the data center,\u201d said Baiju Bhatt, CEO of Aetherflux, a space-based solar energy company. \u201cYou replace the server, you replace the GPU, you\u2019d do some surgery on that thing and you\u2019d slide it back in.\u201d<\/p>\n
But no such repair crew exists in orbit, and those GPUs in space could get damaged due to their exposure to high-energy particles from the sun.<\/p>\n
Bhatt says one workaround is to overprovision the satellite with extra chips to replace the ones that fail. But that\u2019s an expensive proposition given they are likely to cost tens of thousands of dollars each, and current Starlink satellites only have a lifespan of about five years.<\/p>\n
Competition \u2014 and leverage<\/p>\n
Musk is not alone trying to solve these problems. <\/p>\n
A company in Redmond, Washington, called Starcloud, launched a satellite in November carrying a single Nvidia-made AI computer chip to test out how it would fare in space. Google is exploring orbital data centers in a venture it calls Project Suncatcher. And Jeff Bezos\u2019 Blue Origin announced plans in January for a constellation of more than 5,000 satellites to start launching late next year, though its focus has been more on communications than AI.<\/p>\n
Still, Musk has an edge: He\u2019s got rockets.<\/p>\n
Starcloud had to use one of his Falcon rockets to put its chip in space last year. Aetherflux plans to send a set of chips it calls a Galactic Brain to space on a SpaceX rocket later this year. And Google may also need to turn to Musk to get its first two planned prototype satellites off the ground by early next year. <\/p>\n
Pierre Lionnet, a research director at the trade association Eurospace, says Musk routinely charges rivals far more than he charges himself \u2014- as much as $20,000 per kilo of payload versus $2,000 internally.<\/p>\n
He said Musk\u2019s announcements this week signal that he plans to use that advantage to win this new space race.<\/p>\n
\u201cWhen he says we are going to put these data centers in space, it\u2019s a way of telling the others we will keep these low launch costs for myself,\u201d said Lionnet. \u201cIt\u2019s a kind of powerplay.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"NEW YORK (AP) \u2014 Elon Musk vowed this week to upend another industry just as he did with…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":281913,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[15322,51551,9712,218,76199,72,43215,605,1595,61,173,1940,60,3916,136186,136185,82,3401,127035,247,2306,80,1188,9904,49148,1596,1519],"class_list":{"0":"post-281912","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-space","8":"tag-aerospace-and-defense-industry","9":"tag-aerospace-technology","10":"tag-alphabet","11":"tag-artificial-intelligence","12":"tag-blue-origin-llc","13":"tag-business","14":"tag-data-management-and-storage","15":"tag-elon-musk","16":"tag-general-news","17":"tag-ie","18":"tag-inc","19":"tag-information-technology","20":"tag-ireland","21":"tag-jeff-bezos","22":"tag-john-crassidis","23":"tag-pierre-lionnet","24":"tag-science","25":"tag-semiconductor-manufacturing","26":"tag-send-to-apple-news","27":"tag-space","28":"tag-spacex","29":"tag-technology","30":"tag-tesla","31":"tag-texas","32":"tag-tx-state-wire","33":"tag-u-s-news","34":"tag-washington"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/281912","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=281912"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/281912\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/281913"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=281912"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=281912"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=281912"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}