{"id":342214,"date":"2026-03-12T10:32:27","date_gmt":"2026-03-12T10:32:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ie\/342214\/"},"modified":"2026-03-12T10:32:27","modified_gmt":"2026-03-12T10:32:27","slug":"csf1r-t567m-mutation-induces-microglial-dysfunction-and-synaptic-impairment-in-patient-ipsc-derived-cerebral-organoids-of-csf1r-related-disorder","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ie\/342214\/","title":{"rendered":"CSF1R T567M mutation induces microglial dysfunction and synaptic impairment in patient iPSC-derived cerebral organoids of CSF1R-related disorder"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR1\">Ayrignac X, Carra-Dalliere C, Codjia P, Mouzat K, Castelnovo G, Ellie E, et al. Evaluation of CSF1R-related adult onset leukoencephalopathy with axonal spheroids and pigmented glia diagnostic criteria. Eur J Neurol. 2022;29:329\u201334. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ene.15115\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1111\/ene.15115\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ene.15115<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 1\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Evaluation%20of%20CSF1R-related%20adult%20onset%20leukoencephalopathy%20with%20axonal%20spheroids%20and%20pigmented%20glia%20diagnostic%20criteria&amp;journal=Eur%20J%20Neurol&amp;doi=10.1111%2Fene.15115&amp;volume=29&amp;pages=329-34&amp;publication_year=2022&amp;author=Ayrignac%2CX&amp;author=Carra-Dalliere%2CC&amp;author=Codjia%2CP&amp;author=Mouzat%2CK&amp;author=Castelnovo%2CG&amp;author=Ellie%2CE\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR2\">Shetty D, Desai A, Gupta V, Agarwal A. CSF1R-related leukoencephalopathy. J Clin Neurosci. 2023;113:60\u20131. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jocn.2023.05.008\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.jocn.2023.05.008\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jocn.2023.05.008<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 2\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=CSF1R-related%20leukoencephalopathy&amp;journal=J%20Clin%20Neurosci&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.jocn.2023.05.008&amp;volume=113&amp;pages=60-1&amp;publication_year=2023&amp;author=Shetty%2CD&amp;author=Desai%2CA&amp;author=Gupta%2CV&amp;author=Agarwal%2CA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR3\">Dulski J, Muthusamy K, Lund TC, Wszolek ZK. CSF1R-related disorder: state of the art, challenges, and proposition of a new terminology. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2024;121:105894. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2023.105894\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2023.105894\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2023.105894<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 3\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=CSF1R-related%20disorder%3A%20state%20of%20the%20art%2C%20challenges%2C%20and%20proposition%20of%20a%20new%20terminology&amp;journal=Parkinsonism%20Relat%20Disord&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.parkreldis.2023.105894&amp;volume=121&amp;publication_year=2024&amp;author=Dulski%2CJ&amp;author=Muthusamy%2CK&amp;author=Lund%2CTC&amp;author=Wszolek%2CZK\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR4\">Wu J, Cheng X, Ji D, Niu H, Yao S, Lv X, et al. The phenotypic and genotypic spectrum of CSF1R-related disorder in China. Mov Disord. 2024;39:798\u2013813. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mds.29764\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1002\/mds.29764\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mds.29764<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 4\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=The%20phenotypic%20and%20genotypic%20spectrum%20of%20CSF1R-related%20disorder%20in%20China&amp;journal=Mov%20Disord&amp;doi=10.1002%2Fmds.29764&amp;volume=39&amp;pages=798-813&amp;publication_year=2024&amp;author=Wu%2CJ&amp;author=Cheng%2CX&amp;author=Ji%2CD&amp;author=Niu%2CH&amp;author=Yao%2CS&amp;author=Lv%2CX\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR5\">Tipton PW, Kenney-Jung D, Rush BK, Middlebrooks EH, Nascene D, Singh B, et al. Treatment of -Related Leukoencephalopathy: breaking new ground. Mov Disord. 2021;36:2901\u20139. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mds.28734\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1002\/mds.28734\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mds.28734<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 5\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Treatment%20of%20-Related%20Leukoencephalopathy%3A%20breaking%20new%20ground&amp;journal=Mov%20Disord&amp;doi=10.1002%2Fmds.28734&amp;volume=36&amp;pages=2901-9&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Tipton%2CPW&amp;author=Kenney-Jung%2CD&amp;author=Rush%2CBK&amp;author=Middlebrooks%2CEH&amp;author=Nascene%2CD&amp;author=Singh%2CB\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR6\">Yska HAF, Golse M, Beerepoot S, Hayer S, Bergner C, de Paiva ARB, et al. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in an international cohort of colony stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF1R)-related disorder. Mov Disord. 2025;40:1826\u201335. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mds.30282\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1002\/mds.30282\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mds.30282<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 6\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Hematopoietic%20stem%20cell%20transplantation%20in%20an%20international%20cohort%20of%20colony%20stimulating%20factor-1%20receptor%20%28CSF1R%29-related%20disorder&amp;journal=Mov%20Disord&amp;doi=10.1002%2Fmds.30282&amp;volume=40&amp;pages=1826-35&amp;publication_year=2025&amp;author=Yska%2CHAF&amp;author=Golse%2CM&amp;author=Beerepoot%2CS&amp;author=Hayer%2CS&amp;author=Bergner%2CC&amp;author=Paiva%2CARB\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR7\">Chadarevian JP, Hasselmann J, Lahian A, Capocchi JK, Escobar A, Lim TE, et al. Therapeutic potential of human microglia transplantation in a chimeric model of CSF1R-related leukoencephalopathy. Neuron. 2024;112:2686\u2013707. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuron.2024.05.023\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.neuron.2024.05.023\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuron.2024.05.023<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 7\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Therapeutic%20potential%20of%20human%20microglia%20transplantation%20in%20a%20chimeric%20model%20of%20CSF1R-related%20leukoencephalopathy&amp;journal=Neuron&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.neuron.2024.05.023&amp;volume=112&amp;pages=2686-707&amp;publication_year=2024&amp;author=Chadarevian%2CJP&amp;author=Hasselmann%2CJ&amp;author=Lahian%2CA&amp;author=Capocchi%2CJK&amp;author=Escobar%2CA&amp;author=Lim%2CTE\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR8\">Mun SH, Park PSU, Park-Min KH. The M-CSF receptor in osteoclasts and beyond. Exp Mol Med. 2020;52:1239\u201354. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s12276-020-0484-z\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1038\/s12276-020-0484-z\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s12276-020-0484-z<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 8\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=The%20M-CSF%20receptor%20in%20osteoclasts%20and%20beyond&amp;journal=Exp%20Mol%20Med&amp;doi=10.1038%2Fs12276-020-0484-z&amp;volume=52&amp;pages=1239-54&amp;publication_year=2020&amp;author=Mun%2CSH&amp;author=Park%2CPSU&amp;author=Park-Min%2CKH\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR9\">Kraya T, Quandt D, Pfirrmann T, Kindermann A, Lampe L, Schroeter ML, et al. Functional characterization of a novel CSF1R mutation causing hereditary diffuse leukoencephalopathy with spheroids. Mol Genet Genom Med. 2019;7:e00595. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mgg3.595\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1002\/mgg3.595\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mgg3.595<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 9\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Functional%20characterization%20of%20a%20novel%20CSF1R%20mutation%20causing%20hereditary%20diffuse%20leukoencephalopathy%20with%20spheroids&amp;journal=Mol%20Genet%20Genom%20Med&amp;doi=10.1002%2Fmgg3.595&amp;volume=7&amp;publication_year=2019&amp;author=Kraya%2CT&amp;author=Quandt%2CD&amp;author=Pfirrmann%2CT&amp;author=Kindermann%2CA&amp;author=Lampe%2CL&amp;author=Schroeter%2CML\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR10\">Papapetropoulos S, Pontius A, Finger E, Karrenbauer V, Lynch DS, Brennan M, et al. Adult-onset leukoencephalopathy with axonal spheroids and pigmented glia: review of clinical manifestations as foundations for therapeutic development. Front Neurol. 2021;12:788168. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fneur.2021.788168\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.3389\/fneur.2021.788168\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fneur.2021.788168<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 10\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Adult-onset%20leukoencephalopathy%20with%20axonal%20spheroids%20and%20pigmented%20glia%3A%20review%20of%20clinical%20manifestations%20as%20foundations%20for%20therapeutic%20development&amp;journal=Front%20Neurol&amp;doi=10.3389%2Ffneur.2021.788168&amp;volume=12&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Papapetropoulos%2CS&amp;author=Pontius%2CA&amp;author=Finger%2CE&amp;author=Karrenbauer%2CV&amp;author=Lynch%2CDS&amp;author=Brennan%2CM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR11\">Jiang J, Li W, Wang X, Du Z, Chen J, Liu Y, et al. Two novel intronic mutations in the CSF1R gene in two families with CSF1R-microglial encephalopathy. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2022;10:902067. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcell.2022.902067\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.3389\/fcell.2022.902067\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcell.2022.902067<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 11\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Two%20novel%20intronic%20mutations%20in%20the%20CSF1R%20gene%20in%20two%20families%20with%20CSF1R-microglial%20encephalopathy&amp;journal=Front%20Cell%20Dev%20Biol&amp;doi=10.3389%2Ffcell.2022.902067&amp;volume=10&amp;publication_year=2022&amp;author=Jiang%2CJ&amp;author=Li%2CW&amp;author=Wang%2CX&amp;author=Du%2CZ&amp;author=Chen%2CJ&amp;author=Liu%2CY\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR12\">Rademakers R, Baker M, Nicholson AM, Rutherford NJ, Finch N, Soto-Ortolaza A, et al. Mutations in the colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) gene cause hereditary diffuse leukoencephalopathy with spheroids. Nat Genet. 2011;44:200\u20135. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ng.1027\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1038\/ng.1027\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ng.1027<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 12\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Mutations%20in%20the%20colony%20stimulating%20factor%201%20receptor%20%28CSF1R%29%20gene%20cause%20hereditary%20diffuse%20leukoencephalopathy%20with%20spheroids&amp;journal=Nat%20Genet&amp;doi=10.1038%2Fng.1027&amp;volume=44&amp;pages=200-5&amp;publication_year=2011&amp;author=Rademakers%2CR&amp;author=Baker%2CM&amp;author=Nicholson%2CAM&amp;author=Rutherford%2CNJ&amp;author=Finch%2CN&amp;author=Soto-Ortolaza%2CA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR13\">Lai J, Tu H, Tan JY, Lim WK, Zeng L, Ng A. A novel T567M mutation outside the tyrosine kinase domain of CSF1R with clinical and radiological features of HDLS (238). Neurology. 2020;15:238.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 13\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=A%20novel%20T567M%20mutation%20outside%20the%20tyrosine%20kinase%20domain%20of%20CSF1R%20with%20clinical%20and%20radiological%20features%20of%20HDLS%20%28238%29&amp;journal=Neurology&amp;volume=15&amp;publication_year=2020&amp;author=Lai%2CJ&amp;author=Tu%2CH&amp;author=Tan%2CJY&amp;author=Lim%2CWK&amp;author=Zeng%2CL&amp;author=Ng%2CA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR14\">Luo J, Elwood F, Britschgi M, Villeda S, Zhang H, Ding Z, et al. Colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) signaling in injured neurons facilitates protection and survival. J Exp Med. 2013;210:157\u201372. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.20120412\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1084\/jem.20120412\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.20120412<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 14\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Colony-stimulating%20factor%201%20receptor%20%28CSF1R%29%20signaling%20in%20injured%20neurons%20facilitates%20protection%20and%20survival&amp;journal=J%20Exp%20Med&amp;doi=10.1084%2Fjem.20120412&amp;volume=210&amp;pages=157-72&amp;publication_year=2013&amp;author=Luo%2CJ&amp;author=Elwood%2CF&amp;author=Britschgi%2CM&amp;author=Villeda%2CS&amp;author=Zhang%2CH&amp;author=Ding%2CZ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR15\">Konno T, Kasanuki K, Ikeuchi T, Dickson DW, Wszolek ZK. CSF1R-related leukoencephalopathy: a major player in primary microgliopathies. Neurology. 2018;91:1092\u2013104. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/WNL.0000000000006642\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000006642\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/WNL.0000000000006642<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 15\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=CSF1R-related%20leukoencephalopathy%3A%20a%20major%20player%20in%20primary%20microgliopathies&amp;journal=Neurology&amp;doi=10.1212%2FWNL.0000000000006642&amp;volume=91&amp;pages=1092-104&amp;publication_year=2018&amp;author=Konno%2CT&amp;author=Kasanuki%2CK&amp;author=Ikeuchi%2CT&amp;author=Dickson%2CDW&amp;author=Wszolek%2CZK\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR16\">Han J, Sarlus H, Wszolek ZK, Karrenbauer VD, Harris RA. Microglial replacement therapy: a potential therapeutic strategy for incurable CSF1R-related leukoencephalopathy. Acta Neuropathol Commun. 2020;8:217 <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40478-020-01093-3\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1186\/s40478-020-01093-3\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40478-020-01093-3<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 16\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Microglial%20replacement%20therapy%3A%20a%20potential%20therapeutic%20strategy%20for%20incurable%20CSF1R-related%20leukoencephalopathy&amp;journal=Acta%20Neuropathol%20Commun&amp;doi=10.1186%2Fs40478-020-01093-3&amp;volume=8&amp;publication_year=2020&amp;author=Han%2CJ&amp;author=Sarlus%2CH&amp;author=Wszolek%2CZK&amp;author=Karrenbauer%2CVD&amp;author=Harris%2CRA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR17\">Biundo F, Chitu V, Shlager GGL, Park ES, Gulinello ME, Saha K, et al. Microglial reduction of colony stimulating factor-1 receptor expression is sufficient to confer adult onset leukodystrophy. Glia. 2021;69:779\u201391. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/glia.23929\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1002\/glia.23929\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/glia.23929<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 17\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Microglial%20reduction%20of%20colony%20stimulating%20factor-1%20receptor%20expression%20is%20sufficient%20to%20confer%20adult%20onset%20leukodystrophy&amp;journal=Glia&amp;doi=10.1002%2Fglia.23929&amp;volume=69&amp;pages=779-91&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Biundo%2CF&amp;author=Chitu%2CV&amp;author=Shlager%2CGGL&amp;author=Park%2CES&amp;author=Gulinello%2CME&amp;author=Saha%2CK\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR18\">Hu B, Duan S, Wang Z, Li X, Zhou Y, Zhang X, et al. Insights into the role of CSF1R in the central nervous system and neurological disorders. Front Aging Neurosci. 2021;13:789834. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnagi.2021.789834\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.3389\/fnagi.2021.789834\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnagi.2021.789834<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 18\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Insights%20into%20the%20role%20of%20CSF1R%20in%20the%20central%20nervous%20system%20and%20neurological%20disorders&amp;journal=Front%20Aging%20Neurosci&amp;doi=10.3389%2Ffnagi.2021.789834&amp;volume=13&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Hu%2CB&amp;author=Duan%2CS&amp;author=Wang%2CZ&amp;author=Li%2CX&amp;author=Zhou%2CY&amp;author=Zhang%2CX\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR19\">Oosterhof N, Chang IJ, Karimiani EG, Kuil LE, Jensen DM, Daza R, et al. Homozygous mutations in CSF1R cause a pediatric-onset leukoencephalopathy and can result in congenital absence of microglia. Am J Hum Genet. 2019;104:936\u201347. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajhg.2019.03.010\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2019.03.010\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajhg.2019.03.010<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 19\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Homozygous%20mutations%20in%20CSF1R%20cause%20a%20pediatric-onset%20leukoencephalopathy%20and%20can%20result%20in%20congenital%20absence%20of%20microglia&amp;journal=Am%20J%20Hum%20Genet&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.ajhg.2019.03.010&amp;volume=104&amp;pages=936-47&amp;publication_year=2019&amp;author=Oosterhof%2CN&amp;author=Chang%2CIJ&amp;author=Karimiani%2CEG&amp;author=Kuil%2CLE&amp;author=Jensen%2CDM&amp;author=Daza%2CR\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR20\">Miura T, Mezaki N, Konno T, Iwasaki A, Hara N, Miura M, et al. Identification and functional characterization of novel mutations including frameshift mutation in exon 4 of CSF1R in patients with adult-onset leukoencephalopathy with axonal spheroids and pigmented glia. J Neurol. 2018;265:2415\u201324. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00415-018-9017-2\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1007\/s00415-018-9017-2\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00415-018-9017-2<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 20\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Identification%20and%20functional%20characterization%20of%20novel%20mutations%20including%20frameshift%20mutation%20in%20exon%204%20of%20CSF1R%20in%20patients%20with%20adult-onset%20leukoencephalopathy%20with%20axonal%20spheroids%20and%20pigmented%20glia&amp;journal=J%20Neurol&amp;doi=10.1007%2Fs00415-018-9017-2&amp;volume=265&amp;pages=2415-24&amp;publication_year=2018&amp;author=Miura%2CT&amp;author=Mezaki%2CN&amp;author=Konno%2CT&amp;author=Iwasaki%2CA&amp;author=Hara%2CN&amp;author=Miura%2CM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR21\">Mao C, Zhou L, Zhou L, Yang Y, Niu J, Li J, et al. Biopsy histopathology in the diagnosis of adult-onset leukoencephalopathy with axonal spheroids and pigmented glia (ALSP). Neurol Sci. 2020;41:403\u20139. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10072-019-04116-7\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1007\/s10072-019-04116-7\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10072-019-04116-7<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 21\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Biopsy%20histopathology%20in%20the%20diagnosis%20of%20adult-onset%20leukoencephalopathy%20with%20axonal%20spheroids%20and%20pigmented%20glia%20%28ALSP%29&amp;journal=Neurol%20Sci&amp;doi=10.1007%2Fs10072-019-04116-7&amp;volume=41&amp;pages=403-9&amp;publication_year=2020&amp;author=Mao%2CC&amp;author=Zhou%2CL&amp;author=Zhou%2CL&amp;author=Yang%2CY&amp;author=Niu%2CJ&amp;author=Li%2CJ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR22\">Li X, Hu B, Guan X, Wang Z, Zhou Y, Sun H, et al. Minocycline protects against microgliopathy in a Csf1r haplo-insufficient mouse model of adult-onset leukoencephalopathy with axonal spheroids and pigmented glia (ALSP). J Neuroinflammation. 2023;20:134. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12974-023-02774-1\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1186\/s12974-023-02774-1\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12974-023-02774-1<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 22\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Minocycline%20protects%20against%20microgliopathy%20in%20a%20Csf1r%20haplo-insufficient%20mouse%20model%20of%20adult-onset%20leukoencephalopathy%20with%20axonal%20spheroids%20and%20pigmented%20glia%20%28ALSP%29&amp;journal=J%20Neuroinflammation&amp;doi=10.1186%2Fs12974-023-02774-1&amp;volume=20&amp;publication_year=2023&amp;author=Li%2CX&amp;author=Hu%2CB&amp;author=Guan%2CX&amp;author=Wang%2CZ&amp;author=Zhou%2CY&amp;author=Sun%2CH\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR23\">Arreola MA, Soni N, Crapser JD, Hohsfield LA, Elmore MRP, Matheos DP, et al. Microglial dyshomeostasis drives perineuronal net and synaptic loss in a CSF1R(+\/-) mouse model of ALSP, which can be rescued via CSF1R inhibitors. Sci Adv. 2021;7:eabg1601. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/sciadv.abg1601\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1126\/sciadv.abg1601\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/sciadv.abg1601<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 23\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Microglial%20dyshomeostasis%20drives%20perineuronal%20net%20and%20synaptic%20loss%20in%20a%20CSF1R%28%2B%2F-%29%20mouse%20model%20of%20ALSP%2C%20which%20can%20be%20rescued%20via%20CSF1R%20inhibitors&amp;journal=Sci%20Adv&amp;doi=10.1126%2Fsciadv.abg1601&amp;volume=7&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Arreola%2CMA&amp;author=Soni%2CN&amp;author=Crapser%2CJD&amp;author=Hohsfield%2CLA&amp;author=Elmore%2CMRP&amp;author=Matheos%2CDP\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR24\">Guo L, Bertola DR, Takanohashi A, Saito A, Segawa Y, Yokota T, et al. Bi-allelic CSF1R mutations cause skeletal dysplasia of dysosteosclerosis\u2014Pyle disease spectrum and degenerative encephalopathy with brain malformation. Am J Hum Genet. 2019;104:925\u201335. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajhg.2019.03.004\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2019.03.004\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajhg.2019.03.004<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 24\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Bi-allelic%20CSF1R%20mutations%20cause%20skeletal%20dysplasia%20of%20dysosteosclerosis%E2%80%94Pyle%20disease%20spectrum%20and%20degenerative%20encephalopathy%20with%20brain%20malformation&amp;journal=Am%20J%20Hum%20Genet&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.ajhg.2019.03.004&amp;volume=104&amp;pages=925-35&amp;publication_year=2019&amp;author=Guo%2CL&amp;author=Bertola%2CDR&amp;author=Takanohashi%2CA&amp;author=Saito%2CA&amp;author=Segawa%2CY&amp;author=Yokota%2CT\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR25\">Chua WM, Kok SS, Ng AS, Yu WY. White matter disease in a young adult presenting as rapidly progressive Parkinsonism. Ann Acad Med Singap. 2019;48:274\u20138.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 25\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=White%20matter%20disease%20in%20a%20young%20adult%20presenting%20as%20rapidly%20progressive%20Parkinsonism&amp;journal=Ann%20Acad%20Med%20Singap&amp;volume=48&amp;pages=274-8&amp;publication_year=2019&amp;author=Chua%2CWM&amp;author=Kok%2CSS&amp;author=Ng%2CAS&amp;author=Yu%2CWY\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR26\">Wang YL, Wang FZ, Li R, Jiang J, Liu X, Xu J. Recent advances in basic research for CSF1R-microglial encephalopathy. Front Aging Neurosci. 2021;13:792840. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnagi.2021.792840\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.3389\/fnagi.2021.792840\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnagi.2021.792840<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 26\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Recent%20advances%20in%20basic%20research%20for%20CSF1R-microglial%20encephalopathy&amp;journal=Front%20Aging%20Neurosci&amp;doi=10.3389%2Ffnagi.2021.792840&amp;volume=13&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Wang%2CYL&amp;author=Wang%2CFZ&amp;author=Li%2CR&amp;author=Jiang%2CJ&amp;author=Liu%2CX&amp;author=Xu%2CJ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR27\">Pridans C, Sauter KA, Baer K, Kissel H, Hume DA. CSF1R mutations in hereditary diffuse leukoencephalopathy with spheroids are loss of function. Sci Rep. 2013;3:3013.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 27\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=CSF1R%20mutations%20in%20hereditary%20diffuse%20leukoencephalopathy%20with%20spheroids%20are%20loss%20of%20function&amp;journal=Sci%20Rep&amp;volume=3&amp;publication_year=2013&amp;author=Pridans%2CC&amp;author=Sauter%2CKA&amp;author=Baer%2CK&amp;author=Kissel%2CH&amp;author=Hume%2CDA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR28\">Konno T, Miura T, Harriott AM, Mezaki N, Edwards ES, Rademakers R, et al. Partial loss of function of colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor in a patient with white matter abnormalities. Eur J Neurol. 2018;25:875\u201381.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 28\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Partial%20loss%20of%20function%20of%20colony-stimulating%20factor%201%20receptor%20in%20a%20patient%20with%20white%20matter%20abnormalities&amp;journal=Eur%20J%20Neurol&amp;volume=25&amp;pages=875-81&amp;publication_year=2018&amp;author=Konno%2CT&amp;author=Miura%2CT&amp;author=Harriott%2CAM&amp;author=Mezaki%2CN&amp;author=Edwards%2CES&amp;author=Rademakers%2CR\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR29\">Han J, Chitu V, Stanley ER, Wszolek ZK, Karrenbauer VD, Harris RA. Inhibition of colony stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF-1R) as a potential therapeutic strategy for neurodegenerative diseases: opportunities and challenges. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2022;79:219. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00018-022-04225-1\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1007\/s00018-022-04225-1\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00018-022-04225-1<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 29\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Inhibition%20of%20colony%20stimulating%20factor-1%20receptor%20%28CSF-1R%29%20as%20a%20potential%20therapeutic%20strategy%20for%20neurodegenerative%20diseases%3A%20opportunities%20and%20challenges&amp;journal=Cell%20Mol%20Life%20Sci&amp;doi=10.1007%2Fs00018-022-04225-1&amp;volume=79&amp;publication_year=2022&amp;author=Han%2CJ&amp;author=Chitu%2CV&amp;author=Stanley%2CER&amp;author=Wszolek%2CZK&amp;author=Karrenbauer%2CVD&amp;author=Harris%2CRA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR30\">Murga-Zamalloa C, Rolland DCM, Polk A, Wolfe A, Dewar H, Chowdhury P, et al. Colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) activates AKT\/mTOR signaling and promotes T-cell lymphoma viability. Clin Cancer Res. 2020;26:690\u2013703. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-19-1486\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-19-1486\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-19-1486<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 30\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Colony-stimulating%20factor%201%20receptor%20%28CSF1R%29%20activates%20AKT%2FmTOR%20signaling%20and%20promotes%20T-cell%20lymphoma%20viability&amp;journal=Clin%20Cancer%20Res&amp;doi=10.1158%2F1078-0432.CCR-19-1486&amp;volume=26&amp;pages=690-703&amp;publication_year=2020&amp;author=Murga-Zamalloa%2CC&amp;author=Rolland%2CDCM&amp;author=Polk%2CA&amp;author=Wolfe%2CA&amp;author=Dewar%2CH&amp;author=Chowdhury%2CP\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR31\">Konno T, Miura T, Harriott AM, Mezaki N, Edwards ES, Rademakers R, et al. Partial loss of function of colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor in a patient with white matter abnormalities. Eur J Neurol. 2018;25:875\u201381. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ene.13611\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1111\/ene.13611\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ene.13611<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 31\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Partial%20loss%20of%20function%20of%20colony-stimulating%20factor%201%20receptor%20in%20a%20patient%20with%20white%20matter%20abnormalities&amp;journal=Eur%20J%20Neurol&amp;doi=10.1111%2Fene.13611&amp;volume=25&amp;pages=875-81&amp;publication_year=2018&amp;author=Konno%2CT&amp;author=Miura%2CT&amp;author=Harriott%2CAM&amp;author=Mezaki%2CN&amp;author=Edwards%2CES&amp;author=Rademakers%2CR\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR32\">Thierry GR, Baudon EM, Bijnen M, Bellomo A, Lagueyrie M, Mondor I, et al. Non-classical monocytes scavenge the growth factor CSF1 from endothelial cells in the peripheral vascular tree to ensure survival and homeostasis. Immunity. 2024;57:2108\u201321.e2106. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.immuni.2024.07.005\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.immuni.2024.07.005\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.immuni.2024.07.005<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 32\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Non-classical%20monocytes%20scavenge%20the%20growth%20factor%20CSF1%20from%20endothelial%20cells%20in%20the%20peripheral%20vascular%20tree%20to%20ensure%20survival%20and%20homeostasis&amp;journal=Immunity&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.immuni.2024.07.005&amp;volume=57&amp;pages=2108-21.e2106&amp;publication_year=2024&amp;author=Thierry%2CGR&amp;author=Baudon%2CEM&amp;author=Bijnen%2CM&amp;author=Bellomo%2CA&amp;author=Lagueyrie%2CM&amp;author=Mondor%2CI\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR33\">Priller J, Prinz M. Targeting microglia in brain disorders. Science. 2019;365:32\u201333. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.aau9100\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1126\/science.aau9100\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.aau9100<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 33\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Targeting%20microglia%20in%20brain%20disorders&amp;journal=Science&amp;doi=10.1126%2Fscience.aau9100&amp;volume=365&amp;pages=32-33&amp;publication_year=2019&amp;author=Priller%2CJ&amp;author=Prinz%2CM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR34\">McQuade A, Coburn M, Tu CH, Hasselmann J, Davtyan H, Blurton-Jones M. Development and validation of a simplified method to generate human microglia from pluripotent stem cells. Mol Neurodegener. 2018;13:67. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13024-018-0297-x\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1186\/s13024-018-0297-x\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13024-018-0297-x<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 34\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Development%20and%20validation%20of%20a%20simplified%20method%20to%20generate%20human%20microglia%20from%20pluripotent%20stem%20cells&amp;journal=Mol%20Neurodegener&amp;doi=10.1186%2Fs13024-018-0297-x&amp;volume=13&amp;publication_year=2018&amp;author=McQuade%2CA&amp;author=Coburn%2CM&amp;author=Tu%2CCH&amp;author=Hasselmann%2CJ&amp;author=Davtyan%2CH&amp;author=Blurton-Jones%2CM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR35\">Kenkhuis B, Somarakis A, Kleindouwel LRT, van Roon-Mom WMC, Hollt T, van der Weerd L. Co-expression patterns of microglia markers Iba1, TMEM119 and P2RY12 in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Neurobiol Dis. 2022;167:105684. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nbd.2022.105684\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.nbd.2022.105684\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nbd.2022.105684<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 35\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Co-expression%20patterns%20of%20microglia%20markers%20Iba1%2C%20TMEM119%20and%20P2RY12%20in%20Alzheimer%E2%80%99s%20disease&amp;journal=Neurobiol%20Dis&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.nbd.2022.105684&amp;volume=167&amp;publication_year=2022&amp;author=Kenkhuis%2CB&amp;author=Somarakis%2CA&amp;author=Kleindouwel%2CLRT&amp;author=Roon-Mom%2CWMC&amp;author=Hollt%2CT&amp;author=Weerd%2CL\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR36\">Dorion MF, Casas D, Shlaifer I, Yaqubi M, Fleming P, Karpilovsky N, et al. An adapted protocol to derive microglia from stem cells and its application in the study of CSF1R-related disorders. Mol Neurodegener. 2024;19:31 <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13024-024-00723-x\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1186\/s13024-024-00723-x\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13024-024-00723-x<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 36\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=An%20adapted%20protocol%20to%20derive%20microglia%20from%20stem%20cells%20and%20its%20application%20in%20the%20study%20of%20CSF1R-related%20disorders&amp;journal=Mol%20Neurodegener&amp;doi=10.1186%2Fs13024-024-00723-x&amp;volume=19&amp;publication_year=2024&amp;author=Dorion%2CMF&amp;author=Casas%2CD&amp;author=Shlaifer%2CI&amp;author=Yaqubi%2CM&amp;author=Fleming%2CP&amp;author=Karpilovsky%2CN\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR37\">Borst K, Dumas AA, Prinz M. Microglia: immune and non-immune functions. Immunity. 2021;54:2194\u2013208. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.immuni.2021.09.014\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.immuni.2021.09.014\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.immuni.2021.09.014<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 37\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Microglia%3A%20immune%20and%20non-immune%20functions&amp;journal=Immunity&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.immuni.2021.09.014&amp;volume=54&amp;pages=2194-208&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Borst%2CK&amp;author=Dumas%2CAA&amp;author=Prinz%2CM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR38\">Cherry JD, Meng G, Daley S, Xia W, Svirsky S, Alvarez VE, et al. CCL2 is associated with microglia and macrophage recruitment in chronic traumatic encephalopathy. J Neuroinflammation. 2020;17:370. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12974-020-02036-4\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1186\/s12974-020-02036-4\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12974-020-02036-4<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 38\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=CCL2%20is%20associated%20with%20microglia%20and%20macrophage%20recruitment%20in%20chronic%20traumatic%20encephalopathy&amp;journal=J%20Neuroinflammation&amp;doi=10.1186%2Fs12974-020-02036-4&amp;volume=17&amp;publication_year=2020&amp;author=Cherry%2CJD&amp;author=Meng%2CG&amp;author=Daley%2CS&amp;author=Xia%2CW&amp;author=Svirsky%2CS&amp;author=Alvarez%2CVE\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR39\">Nikolopoulos D, Manolakou T, Polissidis A, Filia A, Bertsias G, Koutmani Y, et al. Microglia activation in the presence of intact blood-brain barrier and disruption of hippocampal neurogenesis via IL-6 and IL-18 mediate early diffuse neuropsychiatric lupus. Ann Rheum Dis. 2023;82:646\u201357. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/ard-2022-223506\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1136\/ard-2022-223506\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/ard-2022-223506<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 39\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Microglia%20activation%20in%20the%20presence%20of%20intact%20blood-brain%20barrier%20and%20disruption%20of%20hippocampal%20neurogenesis%20via%20IL-6%20and%20IL-18%20mediate%20early%20diffuse%20neuropsychiatric%20lupus&amp;journal=Ann%20Rheum%20Dis&amp;doi=10.1136%2Fard-2022-223506&amp;volume=82&amp;pages=646-57&amp;publication_year=2023&amp;author=Nikolopoulos%2CD&amp;author=Manolakou%2CT&amp;author=Polissidis%2CA&amp;author=Filia%2CA&amp;author=Bertsias%2CG&amp;author=Koutmani%2CY\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR40\">Liu YJ, Zhang T, Cheng D, Yang J, Chen S, Wang X, et al. Late endosomes promote microglia migration via cytosolic translocation of immature protease cathD. Sci Adv. 2020;6:eaba5783. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/sciadv.aba5783\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1126\/sciadv.aba5783\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/sciadv.aba5783<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 40\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Late%20endosomes%20promote%20microglia%20migration%20via%20cytosolic%20translocation%20of%20immature%20protease%20cathD&amp;journal=Sci%20Adv&amp;doi=10.1126%2Fsciadv.aba5783&amp;volume=6&amp;publication_year=2020&amp;author=Liu%2CYJ&amp;author=Zhang%2CT&amp;author=Cheng%2CD&amp;author=Yang%2CJ&amp;author=Chen%2CS&amp;author=Wang%2CX\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR41\">James OG, Selvaraj BT, Magnani D, Burr K, Connick P, Barton SK, et al. iPSC-derived myelinoids to study myelin biology of humans. Dev Cell. 2021;56:1346\u201358. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.devcel.2021.04.006\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.devcel.2021.04.006\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.devcel.2021.04.006<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 41\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=iPSC-derived%20myelinoids%20to%20study%20myelin%20biology%20of%20humans&amp;journal=Dev%20Cell&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.devcel.2021.04.006&amp;volume=56&amp;pages=1346-58&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=James%2COG&amp;author=Selvaraj%2CBT&amp;author=Magnani%2CD&amp;author=Burr%2CK&amp;author=Connick%2CP&amp;author=Barton%2CSK\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR42\">Marzan DE, Brugger-Verdon V, West BL, Liddelow S, Samanta J, Salzer JL. Activated microglia drive demyelination via CSF1R signaling. Glia. 2021;69:1583\u2013604. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/glia.23980\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1002\/glia.23980\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/glia.23980<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 42\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Activated%20microglia%20drive%20demyelination%20via%20CSF1R%20signaling&amp;journal=Glia&amp;doi=10.1002%2Fglia.23980&amp;volume=69&amp;pages=1583-604&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Marzan%2CDE&amp;author=Brugger-Verdon%2CV&amp;author=West%2CBL&amp;author=Liddelow%2CS&amp;author=Samanta%2CJ&amp;author=Salzer%2CJL\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR43\">McNamara NB, Munro DAD, Bestard-Cuche N, Uyeda A, Bogie JFJ, Hoffmann A, et al. Microglia regulate central nervous system myelin growth and integrity. Nature. 2023;613:120\u20139. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41586-022-05534-y\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1038\/s41586-022-05534-y\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41586-022-05534-y<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 43\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Microglia%20regulate%20central%20nervous%20system%20myelin%20growth%20and%20integrity&amp;journal=Nature&amp;doi=10.1038%2Fs41586-022-05534-y&amp;volume=613&amp;pages=120-9&amp;publication_year=2023&amp;author=McNamara%2CNB&amp;author=Munro%2CDAD&amp;author=Bestard-Cuche%2CN&amp;author=Uyeda%2CA&amp;author=Bogie%2CJFJ&amp;author=Hoffmann%2CA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR44\">Yap JKY, Pickard BS, Chan EWL, Gan SY. The role of neuronal NLRP1 inflammasome in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease: bringing neurons into the neuroinflammation game. Mol Neurobiol. 2019;56:7741\u201353. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12035-019-1638-7\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1007\/s12035-019-1638-7\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12035-019-1638-7<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 44\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=The%20role%20of%20neuronal%20NLRP1%20inflammasome%20in%20Alzheimer%E2%80%99s%20Disease%3A%20bringing%20neurons%20into%20the%20neuroinflammation%20game&amp;journal=Mol%20Neurobiol&amp;doi=10.1007%2Fs12035-019-1638-7&amp;volume=56&amp;pages=7741-53&amp;publication_year=2019&amp;author=Yap%2CJKY&amp;author=Pickard%2CBS&amp;author=Chan%2CEWL&amp;author=Gan%2CSY\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR45\">Piancone F, La Rosa F, Marventano I, Saresella M, Clerici M. The role of the inflammasome in neurodegenerative diseases. Molecules. 2021;26:953 <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/molecules26040953\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.3390\/molecules26040953\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/molecules26040953<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 45\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=The%20role%20of%20the%20inflammasome%20in%20neurodegenerative%20diseases&amp;journal=Molecules&amp;doi=10.3390%2Fmolecules26040953&amp;volume=26&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Piancone%2CF&amp;author=Rosa%2CF&amp;author=Marventano%2CI&amp;author=Saresella%2CM&amp;author=Clerici%2CM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR46\">Liu H, Sun Y, Zhang Q, Jin W, Gordon RE, Zhang Y, et al. Pro-inflammatory and proliferative microglia drive progression of glioblastoma. Cell Rep. 2021;36:109718. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.109718\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.109718\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.109718<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 46\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Pro-inflammatory%20and%20proliferative%20microglia%20drive%20progression%20of%20glioblastoma&amp;journal=Cell%20Rep&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.celrep.2021.109718&amp;volume=36&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Liu%2CH&amp;author=Sun%2CY&amp;author=Zhang%2CQ&amp;author=Jin%2CW&amp;author=Gordon%2CRE&amp;author=Zhang%2CY\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR47\">Sase S, Almad AA, Boecker CA, Guedes-Dias P, Li JJ, Takanohashi A, et al. TUBB4A mutations result in both glial and neuronal degeneration in an H-ABC leukodystrophy mouse model. Elife. 2020;9:e52986. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7554\/eLife.52986\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.7554\/eLife.52986\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7554\/eLife.52986<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 47\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=TUBB4A%20mutations%20result%20in%20both%20glial%20and%20neuronal%20degeneration%20in%20an%20H-ABC%20leukodystrophy%20mouse%20model&amp;journal=Elife&amp;doi=10.7554%2FeLife.52986&amp;volume=9&amp;publication_year=2020&amp;author=Sase%2CS&amp;author=Almad%2CAA&amp;author=Boecker%2CCA&amp;author=Guedes-Dias%2CP&amp;author=Li%2CJJ&amp;author=Takanohashi%2CA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR48\">Jiang M, Vanan S, Tu HT, Zhang W, Zhang ZW, Chia SY, et al. Amyloid precursor protein intracellular domain-dependent regulation of FOXO3a inhibits adult hippocampal neurogenesis. Neurobiol Aging. 2020;95:250\u201363. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2020.07.031\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2020.07.031\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2020.07.031<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 48\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Amyloid%20precursor%20protein%20intracellular%20domain-dependent%20regulation%20of%20FOXO3a%20inhibits%20adult%20hippocampal%20neurogenesis&amp;journal=Neurobiol%20Aging&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.neurobiolaging.2020.07.031&amp;volume=95&amp;pages=250-63&amp;publication_year=2020&amp;author=Jiang%2CM&amp;author=Vanan%2CS&amp;author=Tu%2CHT&amp;author=Zhang%2CW&amp;author=Zhang%2CZW&amp;author=Chia%2CSY\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR49\">Jiang M, Tu H-T, Zhang K, Zhang W, Yu W-P, Xu J, et al. Impaired neurogenesis in the hippocampus of an adult VPS35 mutant mouse model of Parkinson\u2019s disease through interaction with APP. Neurobiol Dis. 2021;153:105313.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 49\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Impaired%20neurogenesis%20in%20the%20hippocampus%20of%20an%20adult%20VPS35%20mutant%20mouse%20model%20of%20Parkinson%E2%80%99s%20disease%20through%20interaction%20with%20APP&amp;journal=Neurobiol%20Dis&amp;volume=153&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Jiang%2CM&amp;author=Tu%2CH-T&amp;author=Zhang%2CK&amp;author=Zhang%2CW&amp;author=Yu%2CW-P&amp;author=Xu%2CJ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR50\">Zhang W, Thevapriya S, Kim PJ, Yu WP, Je HS, Tan EK, et al. Amyloid precursor protein regulates neurogenesis by antagonizing miR-574-5p in the developing cerebral cortex. Nat Commun. 2014;5:3330. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ncomms4330\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1038\/ncomms4330\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ncomms4330<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 50\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Amyloid%20precursor%20protein%20regulates%20neurogenesis%20by%20antagonizing%20miR-574-5p%20in%20the%20developing%20cerebral%20cortex&amp;journal=Nat%20Commun&amp;doi=10.1038%2Fncomms4330&amp;volume=5&amp;publication_year=2014&amp;author=Zhang%2CW&amp;author=Thevapriya%2CS&amp;author=Kim%2CPJ&amp;author=Yu%2CWP&amp;author=Je%2CHS&amp;author=Tan%2CEK\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR51\">Zhang W, Kim PJ, Chen Z, Lokman H, Qiu L, Zhang K, et al. MiRNA-128 regulates the proliferation and neurogenesis of neural precursors by targeting PCM1 in the developing cortex. Elife. 2016;5:e11324. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7554\/eLife.11324\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.7554\/eLife.11324\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7554\/eLife.11324<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 51\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=MiRNA-128%20regulates%20the%20proliferation%20and%20neurogenesis%20of%20neural%20precursors%20by%20targeting%20PCM1%20in%20the%20developing%20cortex&amp;journal=Elife&amp;doi=10.7554%2FeLife.11324&amp;volume=5&amp;publication_year=2016&amp;author=Zhang%2CW&amp;author=Kim%2CPJ&amp;author=Chen%2CZ&amp;author=Lokman%2CH&amp;author=Qiu%2CL&amp;author=Zhang%2CK\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR52\">Lancaster MA, Renner M, Martin CA, Wenzel D, Bicknell LS, Hurles ME, et al. Cerebral organoids model human brain development and microcephaly. Nature. 2013;501:373\u20139. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature12517\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1038\/nature12517\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature12517<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 52\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Cerebral%20organoids%20model%20human%20brain%20development%20and%20microcephaly&amp;journal=Nature&amp;doi=10.1038%2Fnature12517&amp;volume=501&amp;pages=373-9&amp;publication_year=2013&amp;author=Lancaster%2CMA&amp;author=Renner%2CM&amp;author=Martin%2CCA&amp;author=Wenzel%2CD&amp;author=Bicknell%2CLS&amp;author=Hurles%2CME\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR53\">Glantz LA, Gilmore JH, Hamer RM, Lieberman JA, Jarskog LF. Synaptophysin and postsynaptic density protein 95 in the human prefrontal cortex from mid-gestation into early adulthood. Neuroscience. 2007;149:582\u201391. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2007.06.036\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2007.06.036\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2007.06.036<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 53\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Synaptophysin%20and%20postsynaptic%20density%20protein%2095%20in%20the%20human%20prefrontal%20cortex%20from%20mid-gestation%20into%20early%20adulthood&amp;journal=Neuroscience&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.neuroscience.2007.06.036&amp;volume=149&amp;pages=582-91&amp;publication_year=2007&amp;author=Glantz%2CLA&amp;author=Gilmore%2CJH&amp;author=Hamer%2CRM&amp;author=Lieberman%2CJA&amp;author=Jarskog%2CLF\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR54\">Park DS, Kozaki T, Tiwari SK, Moreira M, Khalilnezhad A, Torta F, et al. iPS-cell-derived microglia promote brain organoid maturation via cholesterol transfer. Nature. 2023;623:397\u2013405. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41586-023-06713-1\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1038\/s41586-023-06713-1\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41586-023-06713-1<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 54\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=iPS-cell-derived%20microglia%20promote%20brain%20organoid%20maturation%20via%20cholesterol%20transfer&amp;journal=Nature&amp;doi=10.1038%2Fs41586-023-06713-1&amp;volume=623&amp;pages=397-405&amp;publication_year=2023&amp;author=Park%2CDS&amp;author=Kozaki%2CT&amp;author=Tiwari%2CSK&amp;author=Moreira%2CM&amp;author=Khalilnezhad%2CA&amp;author=Torta%2CF\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR55\">Centeno EGZ, Cimarosti H, Bithell A. 2D versus 3D human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cultures for neurodegenerative disease modelling. Mol Neurodegener. 2018;13:27. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13024-018-0258-4\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1186\/s13024-018-0258-4\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13024-018-0258-4<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 55\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=2D%20versus%203D%20human%20induced%20pluripotent%20stem%20cell-derived%20cultures%20for%20neurodegenerative%20disease%20modelling&amp;journal=Mol%20Neurodegener&amp;doi=10.1186%2Fs13024-018-0258-4&amp;volume=13&amp;publication_year=2018&amp;author=Centeno%2CEGZ&amp;author=Cimarosti%2CH&amp;author=Bithell%2CA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR56\">Arreola MA, Soni N, Crapser JD, Hohsfield LA, Elmore MRP, Matheos DP, et al. Microglial dyshomeostasis drives perineuronal net and synaptic loss in a CSF1R(+\/-) mouse model of ALSP, which can be rescued via CSF1R inhibitors. Sci Adv. 2021;7. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/sciadv.abg1601\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1126\/sciadv.abg1601\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/sciadv.abg1601<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR57\">Bianchin MM, Snow Z. Primary microglia dysfunction or microgliopathy: a cause of dementias and other neurological or psychiatric disorders. Neuroscience. 2022;497:324\u201339. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2022.06.032\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2022.06.032\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2022.06.032<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 57\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Primary%20microglia%20dysfunction%20or%20microgliopathy%3A%20a%20cause%20of%20dementias%20and%20other%20neurological%20or%20psychiatric%20disorders&amp;journal=Neuroscience&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.neuroscience.2022.06.032&amp;volume=497&amp;pages=324-39&amp;publication_year=2022&amp;author=Bianchin%2CMM&amp;author=Snow%2CZ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR58\">Guo L, Ikegawa S. From HDLS to BANDDOS: fast-expanding phenotypic spectrum of disorders caused by mutations in CSF1R. J Hum Genet. 2021;66:1139\u201344. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s10038-021-00942-w\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1038\/s10038-021-00942-w\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s10038-021-00942-w<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 58\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=From%20HDLS%20to%20BANDDOS%3A%20fast-expanding%20phenotypic%20spectrum%20of%20disorders%20caused%20by%20mutations%20in%20CSF1R&amp;journal=J%20Hum%20Genet&amp;doi=10.1038%2Fs10038-021-00942-w&amp;volume=66&amp;pages=1139-44&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Guo%2CL&amp;author=Ikegawa%2CS\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR59\">Ishiguro T, Konno T, Hara N, Zhu B, Okada S, Shibata M, et al. Novel partial deletions, frameshift and missense mutations of CSF1R in patents with CSF1R-related leukoencephalopathy. Eur J Neurol. 2023;30:1861\u201370. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ene.15796\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1111\/ene.15796\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ene.15796<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 59\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Novel%20partial%20deletions%2C%20frameshift%20and%20missense%20mutations%20of%20CSF1R%20in%20patents%20with%20CSF1R-related%20leukoencephalopathy&amp;journal=Eur%20J%20Neurol&amp;doi=10.1111%2Fene.15796&amp;volume=30&amp;pages=1861-70&amp;publication_year=2023&amp;author=Ishiguro%2CT&amp;author=Konno%2CT&amp;author=Hara%2CN&amp;author=Zhu%2CB&amp;author=Okada%2CS&amp;author=Shibata%2CM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR60\">Azhar Z, Grose RP, Raza A, Raza Z. In silico targeting of colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor: delineating immunotherapy in cancer. Explor Target Antitumor Ther. 2023;4:727\u201342. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.37349\/etat.2023.00164\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.37349\/etat.2023.00164\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.37349\/etat.2023.00164<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 60\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=In%20silico%20targeting%20of%20colony-stimulating%20factor-1%20receptor%3A%20delineating%20immunotherapy%20in%20cancer&amp;journal=Explor%20Target%20Antitumor%20Ther&amp;doi=10.37349%2Fetat.2023.00164&amp;volume=4&amp;pages=727-42&amp;publication_year=2023&amp;author=Azhar%2CZ&amp;author=Grose%2CRP&amp;author=Raza%2CA&amp;author=Raza%2CZ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR61\">Tamhankar PM, Zhu B, Tamhankar VP, Mithbawkar S, Seabra L, Livingston JH, et al. A novel hypomorphic CSF1R gene mutation in the biallelic state leading to fatal childhood neurodegeneration. Neuropediatrics. 2020;51:302\u20136. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0040-1702161\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1055\/s-0040-1702161\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0040-1702161<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 61\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=A%20novel%20hypomorphic%20CSF1R%20gene%20mutation%20in%20the%20biallelic%20state%20leading%20to%20fatal%20childhood%20neurodegeneration&amp;journal=Neuropediatrics&amp;doi=10.1055%2Fs-0040-1702161&amp;volume=51&amp;pages=302-6&amp;publication_year=2020&amp;author=Tamhankar%2CPM&amp;author=Zhu%2CB&amp;author=Tamhankar%2CVP&amp;author=Mithbawkar%2CS&amp;author=Seabra%2CL&amp;author=Livingston%2CJH\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR62\">Chadarevian JP, Davtyan H, Chadarevian AL, Nguyen J, Capocchi JK, Le L, et al. Harnessing human iPSC-microglia for CNS-wide delivery of disease-modifying proteins. Cell Stem Cell. 2025;32:914\u201334. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.stem.2025.03.009\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.stem.2025.03.009\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.stem.2025.03.009<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 62\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Harnessing%20human%20iPSC-microglia%20for%20CNS-wide%20delivery%20of%20disease-modifying%20proteins&amp;journal=Cell%20Stem%20Cell&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.stem.2025.03.009&amp;volume=32&amp;pages=914-34&amp;publication_year=2025&amp;author=Chadarevian%2CJP&amp;author=Davtyan%2CH&amp;author=Chadarevian%2CAL&amp;author=Nguyen%2CJ&amp;author=Capocchi%2CJK&amp;author=Le%2CL\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR63\">Chitu V, Gokhan S, Nandi S, Mehler MF, Stanley ER. Emerging roles for CSF-1 receptor and its ligands in the nervous system. Trends Neurosci. 2016;39:378\u201393. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tins.2016.03.005\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.tins.2016.03.005\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tins.2016.03.005<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 63\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Emerging%20roles%20for%20CSF-1%20receptor%20and%20its%20ligands%20in%20the%20nervous%20system&amp;journal=Trends%20Neurosci&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.tins.2016.03.005&amp;volume=39&amp;pages=378-93&amp;publication_year=2016&amp;author=Chitu%2CV&amp;author=Gokhan%2CS&amp;author=Nandi%2CS&amp;author=Mehler%2CMF&amp;author=Stanley%2CER\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR64\">Nandi S, Gokhan S, Dai XM, Wei S, Enikolopov G, Lin H, et al. The CSF-1 receptor ligands IL-34 and CSF-1 exhibit distinct developmental brain expression patterns and regulate neural progenitor cell maintenance and maturation. Dev Biol. 2012;367:100\u201313. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ydbio.2012.03.026\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2012.03.026\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ydbio.2012.03.026<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 64\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=The%20CSF-1%20receptor%20ligands%20IL-34%20and%20CSF-1%20exhibit%20distinct%20developmental%20brain%20expression%20patterns%20and%20regulate%20neural%20progenitor%20cell%20maintenance%20and%20maturation&amp;journal=Dev%20Biol&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.ydbio.2012.03.026&amp;volume=367&amp;pages=100-13&amp;publication_year=2012&amp;author=Nandi%2CS&amp;author=Gokhan%2CS&amp;author=Dai%2CXM&amp;author=Wei%2CS&amp;author=Enikolopov%2CG&amp;author=Lin%2CH\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR65\">Hu Y, Tao W. Current perspectives on microglia-neuron communication in the central nervous system: direct and indirect modes of interaction. J Adv Res. 2024;66:251\u201365. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jare.2024.01.006\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.jare.2024.01.006\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jare.2024.01.006<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 65\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Current%20perspectives%20on%20microglia-neuron%20communication%20in%20the%20central%20nervous%20system%3A%20direct%20and%20indirect%20modes%20of%20interaction&amp;journal=J%20Adv%20Res&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.jare.2024.01.006&amp;volume=66&amp;pages=251-65&amp;publication_year=2024&amp;author=Hu%2CY&amp;author=Tao%2CW\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR66\">Dejanovic B, Sheng M, Hanson JE. Targeting synapse function and loss for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2024;23:23\u201342. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41573-023-00823-1\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1038\/s41573-023-00823-1\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41573-023-00823-1<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 66\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Targeting%20synapse%20function%20and%20loss%20for%20treatment%20of%20neurodegenerative%20diseases&amp;journal=Nat%20Rev%20Drug%20Discov&amp;doi=10.1038%2Fs41573-023-00823-1&amp;volume=23&amp;pages=23-42&amp;publication_year=2024&amp;author=Dejanovic%2CB&amp;author=Sheng%2CM&amp;author=Hanson%2CJE\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR67\">Andoh M, Koyama R. Microglia regulate synaptic development and plasticity. Dev Neurobiol. 2021;81:568\u201390. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dneu.22814\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1002\/dneu.22814\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dneu.22814<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 67\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Microglia%20regulate%20synaptic%20development%20and%20plasticity&amp;journal=Dev%20Neurobiol&amp;doi=10.1002%2Fdneu.22814&amp;volume=81&amp;pages=568-90&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Andoh%2CM&amp;author=Koyama%2CR\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR68\">Parkhurst CN, Yang G, Ninan I, Savas JN, Yates JR 3rd, et al. Microglia promote learning-dependent synapse formation through brain-derived neurotrophic factor. Cell. 2013;155:1596\u2013609. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2013.11.030\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.cell.2013.11.030\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2013.11.030<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 68\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Microglia%20promote%20learning-dependent%20synapse%20formation%20through%20brain-derived%20neurotrophic%20factor&amp;journal=Cell&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.cell.2013.11.030&amp;volume=155&amp;pages=1596-609&amp;publication_year=2013&amp;author=Parkhurst%2CCN&amp;author=Yang%2CG&amp;author=Ninan%2CI&amp;author=Savas%2CJN&amp;author=Yates%2CJR\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR69\">Stevens B, Allen NJ, Vazquez LE, Howell GR, Christopherson KS, Nouri N, et al. The classical complement cascade mediates CNS synapse elimination. Cell. 2007;131:1164\u201378. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2007.10.036\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.cell.2007.10.036\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2007.10.036<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 69\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=The%20classical%20complement%20cascade%20mediates%20CNS%20synapse%20elimination&amp;journal=Cell&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.cell.2007.10.036&amp;volume=131&amp;pages=1164-78&amp;publication_year=2007&amp;author=Stevens%2CB&amp;author=Allen%2CNJ&amp;author=Vazquez%2CLE&amp;author=Howell%2CGR&amp;author=Christopherson%2CKS&amp;author=Nouri%2CN\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR70\">Li ZZ, Liu WN, Liu KX, Dou ZW, Zhao R, Chen Y, et al. Cingulate retinoic acid signaling regulates neuropathic pain and comorbid anxiodepression via extracellular matrix homeostasis. J Clin Investig. 2025;135. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1172\/JCI190539\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1172\/JCI190539\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1172\/JCI190539<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR71\">Kistemaker L, van Bodegraven EJ, de Vries HE, Hol EM. Vascularized human brain organoids: current possibilities and prospects. Trends Biotechnol. 2025;43:1275\u201385. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tibtech.2024.11.021\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.tibtech.2024.11.021\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tibtech.2024.11.021<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 71\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Vascularized%20human%20brain%20organoids%3A%20current%20possibilities%20and%20prospects&amp;journal=Trends%20Biotechnol&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.tibtech.2024.11.021&amp;volume=43&amp;pages=1275-85&amp;publication_year=2025&amp;author=Kistemaker%2CL&amp;author=Bodegraven%2CEJ&amp;author=Vries%2CHE&amp;author=Hol%2CEM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR72\">Young K, Morrison H. Quantifying microglia morphology from photomicrographs of immunohistochemistry prepared tissue using ImageJ. J Vis Exp. 2018:57648. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3791\/57648\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.3791\/57648\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3791\/57648<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR73\">Chia SY, Li M, Li Z, Tu H, Lee JWL, Qiu L, et al. Single-nucleus transcriptomics reveals a distinct microglial state and increased MSR1-mediated phagocytosis as common features across dementia subtypes. Genome Med. 2025;17:92. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13073-025-01519-4\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1186\/s13073-025-01519-4\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13073-025-01519-4<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 73\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Single-nucleus%20transcriptomics%20reveals%20a%20distinct%20microglial%20state%20and%20increased%20MSR1-mediated%20phagocytosis%20as%20common%20features%20across%20dementia%20subtypes&amp;journal=Genome%20Med&amp;doi=10.1186%2Fs13073-025-01519-4&amp;volume=17&amp;publication_year=2025&amp;author=Chia%2CSY&amp;author=Li%2CM&amp;author=Li%2CZ&amp;author=Tu%2CH&amp;author=Lee%2CJWL&amp;author=Qiu%2CL\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR74\">Tu H, Yeo XY, Zhang ZW, Zhou W, Tan JY, Chi L, et al. NOTCH2NLC GGC intermediate repeat with serine induces hypermyelination and early Parkinson\u2019s disease-like phenotypes in mice. Mol Neurodegener. 2024;19:91. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13024-024-00780-2\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1186\/s13024-024-00780-2\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13024-024-00780-2<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 74\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=NOTCH2NLC%20GGC%20intermediate%20repeat%20with%20serine%20induces%20hypermyelination%20and%20early%20Parkinson%E2%80%99s%20disease-like%20phenotypes%20in%20mice&amp;journal=Mol%20Neurodegener&amp;doi=10.1186%2Fs13024-024-00780-2&amp;volume=19&amp;publication_year=2024&amp;author=Tu%2CH&amp;author=Yeo%2CXY&amp;author=Zhang%2CZW&amp;author=Zhou%2CW&amp;author=Tan%2CJY&amp;author=Chi%2CL\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR75\">Tu H, Zhang ZW, Qiu L, Lin Y, Jiang M, Chia SY, et al. Increased expression of pathological markers in Parkinson\u2019s disease dementia post-mortem brains compared to dementia with Lewy bodies. BMC Neurosci. 2022;23:3. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12868-021-00687-4\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1186\/s12868-021-00687-4\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12868-021-00687-4<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 75\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Increased%20expression%20of%20pathological%20markers%20in%20Parkinson%E2%80%99s%20disease%20dementia%20post-mortem%20brains%20compared%20to%20dementia%20with%20Lewy%20bodies&amp;journal=BMC%20Neurosci&amp;doi=10.1186%2Fs12868-021-00687-4&amp;volume=23&amp;publication_year=2022&amp;author=Tu%2CH&amp;author=Zhang%2CZW&amp;author=Qiu%2CL&amp;author=Lin%2CY&amp;author=Jiang%2CM&amp;author=Chia%2CSY\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR76\">Zhang ZW, Tu H, Jiang M, Vanan S, Chia SY, Jang SE, et al. The APP intracellular domain promotes LRRK2 expression to enable feed-forward neurodegenerative mechanisms in Parkinson\u2019s disease. Sci Signal. 2022;15:eabk3411. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/scisignal.abk3411\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1126\/scisignal.abk3411\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/scisignal.abk3411<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 76\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=The%20APP%20intracellular%20domain%20promotes%20LRRK2%20expression%20to%20enable%20feed-forward%20neurodegenerative%20mechanisms%20in%20Parkinson%E2%80%99s%20disease&amp;journal=Sci%20Signal&amp;doi=10.1126%2Fscisignal.abk3411&amp;volume=15&amp;publication_year=2022&amp;author=Zhang%2CZW&amp;author=Tu%2CH&amp;author=Jiang%2CM&amp;author=Vanan%2CS&amp;author=Chia%2CSY&amp;author=Jang%2CSE\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Ayrignac X, Carra-Dalliere C, Codjia P, Mouzat K, Castelnovo G, Ellie E, et al. Evaluation of CSF1R-related adult&hellip;\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":342215,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[15089,22871,1382,44695,1437,103,61,156660,60,2137,4664,51512,12952,156661],"class_list":["post-342214","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-health","tag-apoptosis","tag-biochemistry","tag-cell-biology","tag-cell-cycle-analysis","tag-general","tag-health","tag-ie","tag-immunopathogenesis","tag-ireland","tag-life-sciences","tag-neurodegeneration","tag-neurogenesis","tag-stem-cells","tag-stem-cell-research"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/342214","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=342214"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/342214\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/342215"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=342214"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=342214"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=342214"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}