{"id":425607,"date":"2026-04-30T18:22:13","date_gmt":"2026-04-30T18:22:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ie\/425607\/"},"modified":"2026-04-30T18:22:13","modified_gmt":"2026-04-30T18:22:13","slug":"horizontal-transport-as-a-source-of-disequilibrium-chemistry-on-the-nightside-of-a-hot-exoplanet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ie\/425607\/","title":{"rendered":"Horizontal transport as a source of disequilibrium chemistry on the nightside of a hot exoplanet"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR1\">Showman, A. P., Tan, X. &amp; Parmentier, V. Atmospheric dynamics of hot giant planets and brown dwarfs. Space Sci. Rev. 216, 139 (2020).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\" data-track-label=\"10.1007\/s11214-020-00758-8\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1007\/s11214-020-00758-8\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/doi\/10.1007\/s11214-020-00758-8\" aria-label=\"Article reference 1\" data-doi=\"10.1007\/s11214-020-00758-8\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2020SSRv..216..139S\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 1\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 1\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Atmospheric%20dynamics%20of%20hot%20giant%20planets%20and%20brown%20dwarfs&amp;journal=Space%20Sci.%20Rev.&amp;doi=10.1007%2Fs11214-020-00758-8&amp;volume=216&amp;publication_year=2020&amp;author=Showman%2CAP&amp;author=Tan%2CX&amp;author=Parmentier%2CV\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR2\">Knutson, H. A. et al. A map of the day\u2013night contrast of the extrasolar planet HD189733b. Nature 447, 183\u2013186 (2007).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1038\/nature05782\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1038\/nature05782\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038%2Fnature05782\" aria-label=\"Article reference 2\" data-doi=\"10.1038\/nature05782\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2007Natur.447..183K\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 2\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 2\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=A%20map%20of%20the%20day%E2%80%93night%20contrast%20of%20the%20extrasolar%20planet%20HD189733b&amp;journal=Nature&amp;doi=10.1038%2Fnature05782&amp;volume=447&amp;pages=183-186&amp;publication_year=2007&amp;author=Knutson%2CHA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR3\">Parmentier, V. &amp; Crossfield, I. J. M. in Handbook of Exoplanets (eds Deeg, H. et al.) (Springer Nature, 2018).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR4\">Bell, T. J. et al. A comprehensive reanalysis of Spitzer\u2019s 4.5\u2009\u03bcm phase curves, and the phase variations of the ultra-hot Jupiters MASCARA-1b and KELT-16b. Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 504, 3316\u20133337 (2021).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1093\/mnras\/stab1027\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1093\/mnras\/stab1027\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093%2Fmnras%2Fstab1027\" aria-label=\"Article reference 4\" data-doi=\"10.1093\/mnras\/stab1027\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2021MNRAS.504.3316B\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 4\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 4\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=A%20comprehensive%20reanalysis%20of%20Spitzer%E2%80%99s%204.5%E2%80%89%CE%BCm%20phase%20curves%2C%20and%20the%20phase%20variations%20of%20the%20ultra-hot%20Jupiters%20MASCARA-1b%20and%20KELT-16b&amp;journal=Mon.%20Not.%20R.%20Astron.%20Soc.&amp;doi=10.1093%2Fmnras%2Fstab1027&amp;volume=504&amp;pages=3316-3337&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Bell%2CTJ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR5\">Sikora, J. T. et al. Seasonal changes in the atmosphere of HD 80606 b observed with JWST\u2019s NIRSpec\/G395H. Astron. J. 170, 105 (2025).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.3847\/1538-3881\/addfda\" data-track-item_id=\"10.3847\/1538-3881\/addfda\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3847%2F1538-3881%2Faddfda\" aria-label=\"Article reference 5\" data-doi=\"10.3847\/1538-3881\/addfda\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2025AJ....170..105S\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 5\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 5\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Seasonal%20changes%20in%20the%20atmosphere%20of%20HD%2080606%20b%20observed%20with%20JWST%E2%80%99s%20NIRSpec%2FG395H&amp;journal=Astron.%20J.&amp;doi=10.3847%2F1538-3881%2Faddfda&amp;volume=170&amp;publication_year=2025&amp;author=Sikora%2CJT\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR6\">Gandhi, S. et al. Spatially resolving the terminator: variation of Fe, temperature, and winds in WASP-76 b across planetary limbs and orbital phase. Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 515, 749\u2013766 (2022).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1093\/mnras\/stac1744\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1093\/mnras\/stac1744\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093%2Fmnras%2Fstac1744\" aria-label=\"Article reference 6\" data-doi=\"10.1093\/mnras\/stac1744\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2022MNRAS.515..749G\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 6\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 6\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Spatially%20resolving%20the%20terminator%3A%20variation%20of%20Fe%2C%20temperature%2C%20and%20winds%20in%20WASP-76%20b%20across%20planetary%20limbs%20and%20orbital%20phase&amp;journal=Mon.%20Not.%20R.%20Astron.%20Soc.&amp;doi=10.1093%2Fmnras%2Fstac1744&amp;volume=515&amp;pages=749-766&amp;publication_year=2022&amp;author=Gandhi%2CS\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR7\">Simonnin, A. et al. Time resolved absorption of six chemical species with MAROON-X points to strong drag in the ultra hot Jupiter TOI-1518 b. Astron. Astrophys. 698, A314 (2025).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1051\/0004-6361\/202453241\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1051\/0004-6361\/202453241\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1051%2F0004-6361%2F202453241\" aria-label=\"Article reference 7\" data-doi=\"10.1051\/0004-6361\/202453241\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 7\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Time%20resolved%20absorption%20of%20six%20chemical%20species%20with%20MAROON-X%20points%20to%20strong%20drag%20in%20the%20ultra%20hot%20Jupiter%20TOI-1518%20b&amp;journal=Astron.%20Astrophys.&amp;doi=10.1051%2F0004-6361%2F202453241&amp;volume=698&amp;publication_year=2025&amp;author=Simonnin%2CA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR8\">McCormac, J. et al. NGTS-10b: the shortest period hot Jupiter yet discovered. Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 493, 126\u2013140 (2020).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1093\/mnras\/staa115\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1093\/mnras\/staa115\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093%2Fmnras%2Fstaa115\" aria-label=\"Article reference 8\" data-doi=\"10.1093\/mnras\/staa115\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2020MNRAS.493..126M\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 8\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 8\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=NGTS-10b%3A%20the%20shortest%20period%20hot%20Jupiter%20yet%20discovered&amp;journal=Mon.%20Not.%20R.%20Astron.%20Soc.&amp;doi=10.1093%2Fmnras%2Fstaa115&amp;volume=493&amp;pages=126-140&amp;publication_year=2020&amp;author=McCormac%2CJ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR9\">Bell, T. J. et al. Eureka!: an end-to-end pipeline for JWST time-series observations. J. Open Source Softw. 7, 4503 (2022).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.21105\/joss.04503\" data-track-item_id=\"10.21105\/joss.04503\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21105%2Fjoss.04503\" aria-label=\"Article reference 9\" data-doi=\"10.21105\/joss.04503\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2022JOSS....7.4503B\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 9\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 9\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Eureka%21%3A%20an%20end-to-end%20pipeline%20for%20JWST%20time-series%20observations&amp;journal=J.%20Open%20Source%20Softw.&amp;doi=10.21105%2Fjoss.04503&amp;volume=7&amp;publication_year=2022&amp;author=Bell%2CTJ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR10\">Stevenson, K. B. et al. Thermal structure of an exoplanet atmosphere from phase-resolved emission spectroscopy. Science 346, 838\u2013841 (2014).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1126\/science.1256758\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1126\/science.1256758\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126%2Fscience.1256758\" aria-label=\"Article reference 10\" data-doi=\"10.1126\/science.1256758\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2014Sci...346..838S\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 10\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 10\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Thermal%20structure%20of%20an%20exoplanet%20atmosphere%20from%20phase-resolved%20emission%20spectroscopy&amp;journal=Science&amp;doi=10.1126%2Fscience.1256758&amp;volume=346&amp;pages=838-841&amp;publication_year=2014&amp;author=Stevenson%2CKB\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR11\">Cowan, N. B. &amp; Agol, E. The statistics of albedo and heat recirculation on hot exoplanets. Astrophys. J. 729, 54 (2011).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1088\/0004-637X\/729\/1\/54\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1088\/0004-637X\/729\/1\/54\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088%2F0004-637X%2F729%2F1%2F54\" aria-label=\"Article reference 11\" data-doi=\"10.1088\/0004-637X\/729\/1\/54\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2011ApJ...729...54C\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 11\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 11\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=The%20statistics%20of%20albedo%20and%20heat%20recirculation%20on%20hot%20exoplanets&amp;journal=Astrophys.%20J.&amp;doi=10.1088%2F0004-637X%2F729%2F1%2F54&amp;volume=729&amp;publication_year=2011&amp;author=Cowan%2CNB&amp;author=Agol%2CE\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR12\">May, E. M. et al. A new analysis of eight Spitzer phase curves and hot Jupiter population trends: Qatar-1b, Qatar-2b, WASP-52b, WASP-34b, and WASP-140b. Astron. J. 163, 256 (2022).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.3847\/1538-3881\/ac6261\" data-track-item_id=\"10.3847\/1538-3881\/ac6261\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3847%2F1538-3881%2Fac6261\" aria-label=\"Article reference 12\" data-doi=\"10.3847\/1538-3881\/ac6261\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2022AJ....163..256M\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 12\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 12\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=A%20new%20analysis%20of%20eight%20Spitzer%20phase%20curves%20and%20hot%20Jupiter%20population%20trends%3A%20Qatar-1b%2C%20Qatar-2b%2C%20WASP-52b%2C%20WASP-34b%2C%20and%20WASP-140b&amp;journal=Astron.%20J.&amp;doi=10.3847%2F1538-3881%2Fac6261&amp;volume=163&amp;publication_year=2022&amp;author=May%2CEM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR13\">Parmentier, V., Showman, A. P. &amp; Fortney, J. J. The cloudy shape of hot Jupiter thermal phase curves. Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 501, 78\u2013108 (2021).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1093\/mnras\/staa3418\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1093\/mnras\/staa3418\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093%2Fmnras%2Fstaa3418\" aria-label=\"Article reference 13\" data-doi=\"10.1093\/mnras\/staa3418\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2021MNRAS.501...78P\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 13\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 13\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=The%20cloudy%20shape%20of%20hot%20Jupiter%20thermal%20phase%20curves&amp;journal=Mon.%20Not.%20R.%20Astron.%20Soc.&amp;doi=10.1093%2Fmnras%2Fstaa3418&amp;volume=501&amp;pages=78-108&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Parmentier%2CV&amp;author=Showman%2CAP&amp;author=Fortney%2CJJ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR14\">Roth, A., Parmentier, V. &amp; Hammond, M. Hot Jupiter diversity and the onset of TiO\/VO revealed by a large grid of non-grey global circulation models. Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 531, 1056\u20131083 (2024).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1093\/mnras\/stae984\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1093\/mnras\/stae984\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093%2Fmnras%2Fstae984\" aria-label=\"Article reference 14\" data-doi=\"10.1093\/mnras\/stae984\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2024MNRAS.531.1056R\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 14\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 14\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Hot%20Jupiter%20diversity%20and%20the%20onset%20of%20TiO%2FVO%20revealed%20by%20a%20large%20grid%20of%20non-grey%20global%20circulation%20models&amp;journal=Mon.%20Not.%20R.%20Astron.%20Soc.&amp;doi=10.1093%2Fmnras%2Fstae984&amp;volume=531&amp;pages=1056-1083&amp;publication_year=2024&amp;author=Roth%2CA&amp;author=Parmentier%2CV&amp;author=Hammond%2CM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR15\">Welbanks, L. &amp; Madhusudhan, N. Aurora: a generalized retrieval framework for exoplanetary transmission spectra. Astrophys. J. 913, 114 (2021).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.3847\/1538-4357\/abee94\" data-track-item_id=\"10.3847\/1538-4357\/abee94\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3847%2F1538-4357%2Fabee94\" aria-label=\"Article reference 15\" data-doi=\"10.3847\/1538-4357\/abee94\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2021ApJ...913..114W\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 15\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 15\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Aurora%3A%20a%20generalized%20retrieval%20framework%20for%20exoplanetary%20transmission%20spectra&amp;journal=Astrophys.%20J.&amp;doi=10.3847%2F1538-4357%2Fabee94&amp;volume=913&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Welbanks%2CL&amp;author=Madhusudhan%2CN\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR16\">Bell, T. J. et al. Methane throughout the atmosphere of the warm exoplanet WASP-80b. Nature 623, 709\u2013712 (2023).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1038\/s41586-023-06687-0\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1038\/s41586-023-06687-0\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038%2Fs41586-023-06687-0\" aria-label=\"Article reference 16\" data-doi=\"10.1038\/s41586-023-06687-0\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2023Natur.623..709B\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 16\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 16\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Methane%20throughout%20the%20atmosphere%20of%20the%20warm%20exoplanet%20WASP-80b&amp;journal=Nature&amp;doi=10.1038%2Fs41586-023-06687-0&amp;volume=623&amp;pages=709-712&amp;publication_year=2023&amp;author=Bell%2CTJ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR17\">Line, M. R. et al. A systematic retrieval analysis of secondary eclipse spectra. I. A comparison of atmospheric retrieval techniques. Astrophys. J. 775, 137 (2013).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1088\/0004-637X\/775\/2\/137\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1088\/0004-637X\/775\/2\/137\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088%2F0004-637X%2F775%2F2%2F137\" aria-label=\"Article reference 17\" data-doi=\"10.1088\/0004-637X\/775\/2\/137\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2013ApJ...775..137L\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 17\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 17\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=A%20systematic%20retrieval%20analysis%20of%20secondary%20eclipse%20spectra.%20I.%20A%20comparison%20of%20atmospheric%20retrieval%20techniques&amp;journal=Astrophys.%20J.&amp;doi=10.1088%2F0004-637X%2F775%2F2%2F137&amp;volume=775&amp;publication_year=2013&amp;author=Line%2CMR\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR18\">Arcangeli, J. et al. H- Opacity and water dissociation in the dayside atmosphere of the very hot gas giant WASP-18b. Astrophys. J. Lett. 855, L30 (2018).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.3847\/2041-8213\/aab272\" data-track-item_id=\"10.3847\/2041-8213\/aab272\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3847%2F2041-8213%2Faab272\" aria-label=\"Article reference 18\" data-doi=\"10.3847\/2041-8213\/aab272\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2018ApJ...855L..30A\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 18\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 18\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=H-%20Opacity%20and%20water%20dissociation%20in%20the%20dayside%20atmosphere%20of%20the%20very%20hot%20gas%20giant%20WASP-18b&amp;journal=Astrophys.%20J.%20Lett.&amp;doi=10.3847%2F2041-8213%2Faab272&amp;volume=855&amp;publication_year=2018&amp;author=Arcangeli%2CJ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR19\">Lodders, K. &amp; Fegley, B. Atmospheric chemistry in giant planets, brown dwarfs, and low-mass dwarf stars. I. Carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen. Icarus 155, 393\u2013424 (2002).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1006\/icar.2001.6740\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1006\/icar.2001.6740\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1006%2Ficar.2001.6740\" aria-label=\"Article reference 19\" data-doi=\"10.1006\/icar.2001.6740\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2002Icar..155..393L\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 19\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 19\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Atmospheric%20chemistry%20in%20giant%20planets%2C%20brown%20dwarfs%2C%20and%20low-mass%20dwarf%20stars.%20I.%20Carbon%2C%20nitrogen%2C%20and%20oxygen&amp;journal=Icarus&amp;doi=10.1006%2Ficar.2001.6740&amp;volume=155&amp;pages=393-424&amp;publication_year=2002&amp;author=Lodders%2CK&amp;author=Fegley%2CB\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR20\">Beer, R. Detection of carbon monoxide in Jupiter. Astrophys. J. 200, L167 (1975).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1086\/181923\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1086\/181923\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1086%2F181923\" aria-label=\"Article reference 20\" data-doi=\"10.1086\/181923\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=1975ApJ...200L.167B\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 20\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 20\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Detection%20of%20carbon%20monoxide%20in%20Jupiter&amp;journal=Astrophys.%20J.&amp;doi=10.1086%2F181923&amp;volume=200&amp;publication_year=1975&amp;author=Beer%2CR\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR21\">Fegley, B. &amp; Prinn, R. G. Chemical constraints on the water and total oxygen abundances in the deep atmosphere of Jupiter. Astrophys. J. 324, 621 (1988).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1086\/165922\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1086\/165922\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1086%2F165922\" aria-label=\"Article reference 21\" data-doi=\"10.1086\/165922\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=1988ApJ...324..621F\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 21\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 21\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Chemical%20constraints%20on%20the%20water%20and%20total%20oxygen%20abundances%20in%20the%20deep%20atmosphere%20of%20Jupiter&amp;journal=Astrophys.%20J.&amp;doi=10.1086%2F165922&amp;volume=324&amp;publication_year=1988&amp;author=Fegley%2CB&amp;author=Prinn%2CRG\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR22\">Mukherjee, S. et al. Probing the extent of vertical mixing in brown dwarf atmospheres with disequilibrium chemistry. Astrophys. J. 938, 107 (2022).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.3847\/1538-4357\/ac8dfb\" data-track-item_id=\"10.3847\/1538-4357\/ac8dfb\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3847%2F1538-4357%2Fac8dfb\" aria-label=\"Article reference 22\" data-doi=\"10.3847\/1538-4357\/ac8dfb\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2022ApJ...938..107M\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 22\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 22\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Probing%20the%20extent%20of%20vertical%20mixing%20in%20brown%20dwarf%20atmospheres%20with%20disequilibrium%20chemistry&amp;journal=Astrophys.%20J.&amp;doi=10.3847%2F1538-4357%2Fac8dfb&amp;volume=938&amp;publication_year=2022&amp;author=Mukherjee%2CS\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR23\">Molli\u00e8re, P. et al. Retrieving scattering clouds and disequilibrium chemistry in the atmosphere of HR 8799e. Astron. Astrophys. 640, A131 (2020).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1051\/0004-6361\/202038325\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1051\/0004-6361\/202038325\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1051%2F0004-6361%2F202038325\" aria-label=\"Article reference 23\" data-doi=\"10.1051\/0004-6361\/202038325\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 23\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Retrieving%20scattering%20clouds%20and%20disequilibrium%20chemistry%20in%20the%20atmosphere%20of%20HR%208799e&amp;journal=Astron.%20Astrophys.&amp;doi=10.1051%2F0004-6361%2F202038325&amp;volume=640&amp;publication_year=2020&amp;author=Molli%C3%A8re%2CP\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR24\">Welbanks, L. et al. A high internal heat flux and large core in a warm Neptune exoplanet. Nature 630, 836\u2013840 (2024).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1038\/s41586-024-07514-w\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1038\/s41586-024-07514-w\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038%2Fs41586-024-07514-w\" aria-label=\"Article reference 24\" data-doi=\"10.1038\/s41586-024-07514-w\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2024Natur.630..836W\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 24\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 24\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=A%20high%20internal%20heat%20flux%20and%20large%20core%20in%20a%20warm%20Neptune%20exoplanet&amp;journal=Nature&amp;doi=10.1038%2Fs41586-024-07514-w&amp;volume=630&amp;pages=836-840&amp;publication_year=2024&amp;author=Welbanks%2CL\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR25\">Visscher, C. &amp; Moses, J. I. Quenching of carbon monoxide and methane in the atmospheres of cool brown dwarfs and hot Jupiters. Astrophys. J. 738, 72 (2011).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1088\/0004-637X\/738\/1\/72\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1088\/0004-637X\/738\/1\/72\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088%2F0004-637X%2F738%2F1%2F72\" aria-label=\"Article reference 25\" data-doi=\"10.1088\/0004-637X\/738\/1\/72\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2011ApJ...738...72V\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 25\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 25\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Quenching%20of%20carbon%20monoxide%20and%20methane%20in%20the%20atmospheres%20of%20cool%20brown%20dwarfs%20and%20hot%20Jupiters&amp;journal=Astrophys.%20J.&amp;doi=10.1088%2F0004-637X%2F738%2F1%2F72&amp;volume=738&amp;publication_year=2011&amp;author=Visscher%2CC&amp;author=Moses%2CJI\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR26\">Venot, O. et al. Global chemistry and thermal structure models for the hot Jupiter WASP-43b and predictions for JWST. Astrophys. J. 890, 176 (2020).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.3847\/1538-4357\/ab6a94\" data-track-item_id=\"10.3847\/1538-4357\/ab6a94\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3847%2F1538-4357%2Fab6a94\" aria-label=\"Article reference 26\" data-doi=\"10.3847\/1538-4357\/ab6a94\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2020ApJ...890..176V\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 26\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 26\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Global%20chemistry%20and%20thermal%20structure%20models%20for%20the%20hot%20Jupiter%20WASP-43b%20and%20predictions%20for%20JWST&amp;journal=Astrophys.%20J.&amp;doi=10.3847%2F1538-4357%2Fab6a94&amp;volume=890&amp;publication_year=2020&amp;author=Venot%2CO\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR27\">Fortney, J. J., Marley, M. S. &amp; Barnes, J. W. Planetary radii across five orders of magnitude in mass and stellar insolation: application to transits. Astrophys. J. 659, 1661\u20131672 (2007).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1086\/512120\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1086\/512120\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1086%2F512120\" aria-label=\"Article reference 27\" data-doi=\"10.1086\/512120\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2007ApJ...659.1661F\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 27\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 27\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Planetary%20radii%20across%20five%20orders%20of%20magnitude%20in%20mass%20and%20stellar%20insolation%3A%20application%20to%20transits&amp;journal=Astrophys.%20J.&amp;doi=10.1086%2F512120&amp;volume=659&amp;pages=1661-1672&amp;publication_year=2007&amp;author=Fortney%2CJJ&amp;author=Marley%2CMS&amp;author=Barnes%2CJW\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR28\">Cooper, C. S. &amp; Showman, A. P. Dynamics and disequilibrium carbon chemistry in hot Jupiter atmospheres, with application to HD 209458b. Astrophys. J. 649, 1048\u20131063 (2006).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1086\/506312\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1086\/506312\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1086%2F506312\" aria-label=\"Article reference 28\" data-doi=\"10.1086\/506312\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2006ApJ...649.1048C\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 28\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 28\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Dynamics%20and%20disequilibrium%20carbon%20chemistry%20in%20hot%20Jupiter%20atmospheres%2C%20with%20application%20to%20HD%20209458b&amp;journal=Astrophys.%20J.&amp;doi=10.1086%2F506312&amp;volume=649&amp;pages=1048-1063&amp;publication_year=2006&amp;author=Cooper%2CCS&amp;author=Showman%2CAP\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR29\">Visscher, C. Chemical timescales in the atmospheres of highly eccentric exoplanets. Astrophys. J. 757, 5 (2012).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1088\/0004-637X\/757\/1\/5\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1088\/0004-637X\/757\/1\/5\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088%2F0004-637X%2F757%2F1%2F5\" aria-label=\"Article reference 29\" data-doi=\"10.1088\/0004-637X\/757\/1\/5\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2012ApJ...757....5V\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 29\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 29\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Chemical%20timescales%20in%20the%20atmospheres%20of%20highly%20eccentric%20exoplanets&amp;journal=Astrophys.%20J.&amp;doi=10.1088%2F0004-637X%2F757%2F1%2F5&amp;volume=757&amp;publication_year=2012&amp;author=Visscher%2CC\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR30\">Kataria, T. et al. The atmospheric circulation of the hot Jupiter WASP-43b: comparing three-dimensional models to spectrophotometric data. Astrophys. J. 801, 86 (2015).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1088\/0004-637X\/801\/2\/86\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1088\/0004-637X\/801\/2\/86\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088%2F0004-637X%2F801%2F2%2F86\" aria-label=\"Article reference 30\" data-doi=\"10.1088\/0004-637X\/801\/2\/86\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2015ApJ...801...86K\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 30\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 30\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=The%20atmospheric%20circulation%20of%20the%20hot%20Jupiter%20WASP-43b%3A%20comparing%20three-dimensional%20models%20to%20spectrophotometric%20data&amp;journal=Astrophys.%20J.&amp;doi=10.1088%2F0004-637X%2F801%2F2%2F86&amp;volume=801&amp;publication_year=2015&amp;author=Kataria%2CT\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR31\">Bell, T. J. et al. Nightside clouds and disequilibrium chemistry on the hot Jupiter WASP-43b. Nat. Astron. 8, 879\u2013898 (2024).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1038\/s41550-024-02230-x\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1038\/s41550-024-02230-x\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038%2Fs41550-024-02230-x\" aria-label=\"Article reference 31\" data-doi=\"10.1038\/s41550-024-02230-x\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2024NatAs...8..879B\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 31\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 31\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Nightside%20clouds%20and%20disequilibrium%20chemistry%20on%20the%20hot%20Jupiter%20WASP-43b&amp;journal=Nat.%20Astron.&amp;doi=10.1038%2Fs41550-024-02230-x&amp;volume=8&amp;pages=879-898&amp;publication_year=2024&amp;author=Bell%2CTJ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR32\">Evans-Soma, T. M. et al. SiO and a super-stellar C\/O ratio in the atmosphere of the giant exoplanet WASP-121 b. Nat. Astron. 9, 845\u2013861 (2025).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1038\/s41550-025-02513-x\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1038\/s41550-025-02513-x\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038%2Fs41550-025-02513-x\" aria-label=\"Article reference 32\" data-doi=\"10.1038\/s41550-025-02513-x\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2025NatAs...9..845E\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 32\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 32\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=SiO%20and%20a%20super-stellar%20C%2FO%20ratio%20in%20the%20atmosphere%20of%20the%20giant%20exoplanet%20WASP-121%20b&amp;journal=Nat.%20Astron.&amp;doi=10.1038%2Fs41550-025-02513-x&amp;volume=9&amp;pages=845-861&amp;publication_year=2025&amp;author=Evans-Soma%2CTM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR33\">Beltz, H., Rauscher, E., Roman, M. T. &amp; Guilliat, A. Exploring the effects of active magnetic drag in a general circulation model of the ultrahot Jupiter WASP-76b. Astron. J. 163, 35 (2022).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.3847\/1538-3881\/ac3746\" data-track-item_id=\"10.3847\/1538-3881\/ac3746\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3847%2F1538-3881%2Fac3746\" aria-label=\"Article reference 33\" data-doi=\"10.3847\/1538-3881\/ac3746\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2022AJ....163...35B\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 33\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 33\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Exploring%20the%20effects%20of%20active%20magnetic%20drag%20in%20a%20general%20circulation%20model%20of%20the%20ultrahot%20Jupiter%20WASP-76b&amp;journal=Astron.%20J.&amp;doi=10.3847%2F1538-3881%2Fac3746&amp;volume=163&amp;publication_year=2022&amp;author=Beltz%2CH&amp;author=Rauscher%2CE&amp;author=Roman%2CMT&amp;author=Guilliat%2CA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR34\">Gaia Collaboration The Gaia mission. Astron. Astrophys. 595, A1 (2016).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1051\/0004-6361\/201629272\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1051\/0004-6361\/201629272\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1051%2F0004-6361%2F201629272\" aria-label=\"Article reference 34\" data-doi=\"10.1051\/0004-6361\/201629272\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 34\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=The%20Gaia%20mission&amp;journal=Astron.%20Astrophys.&amp;doi=10.1051%2F0004-6361%2F201629272&amp;volume=595&amp;publication_year=2016\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR35\">Gaia Collaboration Gaia Early Data Release 3: summary of the contents and survey properties. Astron. Astrophys. 650, C3 (2021).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1051\/0004-6361\/202039657e\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1051\/0004-6361\/202039657e\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1051%2F0004-6361%2F202039657e\" aria-label=\"Article reference 35\" data-doi=\"10.1051\/0004-6361\/202039657e\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 35\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Gaia%20Early%20Data%20Release%203%3A%20summary%20of%20the%20contents%20and%20survey%20properties&amp;journal=Astron.%20Astrophys.&amp;doi=10.1051%2F0004-6361%2F202039657e&amp;volume=650&amp;publication_year=2021\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR36\">Perrin, M. D. et al. James Webb Space Telescope optical simulation testbed I: overview and first results. In Proc. Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2014: Optical, Infrared, and Millimeter Wave, Vol. 9143 (eds Oschmann, J. M. Jr et al.) 914309 (SPIE, 2014).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR37\">Boyajian, T. S. et al. Stellar diameters and temperatures. II. Main-sequence K- and M-stars. Astrophys. J. 757, 112 (2012).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1088\/0004-637X\/757\/2\/112\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1088\/0004-637X\/757\/2\/112\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088%2F0004-637X%2F757%2F2%2F112\" aria-label=\"Article reference 37\" data-doi=\"10.1088\/0004-637X\/757\/2\/112\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2012ApJ...757..112B\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 37\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 37\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Stellar%20diameters%20and%20temperatures.%20II.%20Main-sequence%20K-%20and%20M-stars&amp;journal=Astrophys.%20J.&amp;doi=10.1088%2F0004-637X%2F757%2F2%2F112&amp;volume=757&amp;publication_year=2012&amp;author=Boyajian%2CTS\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR38\">Grant, D. &amp; Wakeford, H. R. ExoTiC-LD: thirty seconds to stellar limb-darkening coefficients. J. Open Source Softw. 9, 6816 (2024).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.21105\/joss.06816\" data-track-item_id=\"10.21105\/joss.06816\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21105%2Fjoss.06816\" aria-label=\"Article reference 38\" data-doi=\"10.21105\/joss.06816\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2024JOSS....9.6816G\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 38\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 38\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=ExoTiC-LD%3A%20thirty%20seconds%20to%20stellar%20limb-darkening%20coefficients&amp;journal=J.%20Open%20Source%20Softw.&amp;doi=10.21105%2Fjoss.06816&amp;volume=9&amp;publication_year=2024&amp;author=Grant%2CD&amp;author=Wakeford%2CHR\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR39\">Magic, Z., Chiavassa, A., Collet, R. &amp; Asplund, M. The Stagger-grid: a grid of 3D stellar atmosphere models. IV. Limb darkening coefficients. Astron. Astrophys. 573, A90 (2015).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1051\/0004-6361\/201423804\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1051\/0004-6361\/201423804\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1051%2F0004-6361%2F201423804\" aria-label=\"Article reference 39\" data-doi=\"10.1051\/0004-6361\/201423804\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2015A%26A...573A..90M\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 39\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 39\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=The%20Stagger-grid%3A%20a%20grid%20of%203D%20stellar%20atmosphere%20models.%20IV.%20Limb%20darkening%20coefficients&amp;journal=Astron.%20Astrophys.&amp;doi=10.1051%2F0004-6361%2F201423804&amp;volume=573&amp;publication_year=2015&amp;author=Magic%2CZ&amp;author=Chiavassa%2CA&amp;author=Collet%2CR&amp;author=Asplund%2CM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR40\">Kreidberg, L. BATMAN: basic transit model calculation in Python. Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac. 127, 1161\u20131165 (2015).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1086\/683602\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1086\/683602\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1086%2F683602\" aria-label=\"Article reference 40\" data-doi=\"10.1086\/683602\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2015PASP..127.1161K\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 40\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 40\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=BATMAN%3A%20basic%20transit%20model%20calculation%20in%20Python&amp;journal=Publ.%20Astron.%20Soc.%20Pac.&amp;doi=10.1086%2F683602&amp;volume=127&amp;pages=1161-1165&amp;publication_year=2015&amp;author=Kreidberg%2CL\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR41\">Tang, Y. et al. Reassessing sub-Neptune structure, radii, and thermal evolution. Astrophys. J. 989, 28 (2025).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.3847\/1538-4357\/ade7ff\" data-track-item_id=\"10.3847\/1538-4357\/ade7ff\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3847%2F1538-4357%2Fade7ff\" aria-label=\"Article reference 41\" data-doi=\"10.3847\/1538-4357\/ade7ff\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2025ApJ...989...28T\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 41\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 41\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Reassessing%20sub-Neptune%20structure%2C%20radii%2C%20and%20thermal%20evolution&amp;journal=Astrophys.%20J.&amp;doi=10.3847%2F1538-4357%2Fade7ff&amp;volume=989&amp;publication_year=2025&amp;author=Tang%2CY\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR42\">Guillot, T. Probing the giant planets. Phys. Today 57, 040000\u2013040070 (2004).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1063\/1.1752424\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1063\/1.1752424\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063%2F1.1752424\" aria-label=\"Article reference 42\" data-doi=\"10.1063\/1.1752424\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 42\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Probing%20the%20giant%20planets&amp;journal=Phys.%20Today&amp;doi=10.1063%2F1.1752424&amp;volume=57&amp;pages=040000-040070&amp;publication_year=2004&amp;author=Guillot%2CT\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR43\">Guillot, T. On the radiative equilibrium of irradiated planetary atmospheres. Astron. Astrophys. 520, A27 (2010).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1051\/0004-6361\/200913396\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1051\/0004-6361\/200913396\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1051%2F0004-6361%2F200913396\" aria-label=\"Article reference 43\" data-doi=\"10.1051\/0004-6361\/200913396\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2010A%26A...520A..27G\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 43\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 43\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=On%20the%20radiative%20equilibrium%20of%20irradiated%20planetary%20atmospheres&amp;journal=Astron.%20Astrophys.&amp;doi=10.1051%2F0004-6361%2F200913396&amp;volume=520&amp;publication_year=2010&amp;author=Guillot%2CT\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR44\">Lopez, E. D., Fortney, J. J. &amp; Miller, N. How thermal evolution and mass-loss sculpt populations of super-Earths and sub-Neptunes: application to the Kepler-11 system and beyond. Astrophys. J. 761, 59 (2012).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1088\/0004-637X\/761\/1\/59\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1088\/0004-637X\/761\/1\/59\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088%2F0004-637X%2F761%2F1%2F59\" aria-label=\"Article reference 44\" data-doi=\"10.1088\/0004-637X\/761\/1\/59\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2012ApJ...761...59L\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 44\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 44\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=How%20thermal%20evolution%20and%20mass-loss%20sculpt%20populations%20of%20super-Earths%20and%20sub-Neptunes%3A%20application%20to%20the%20Kepler-11%20system%20and%20beyond&amp;journal=Astrophys.%20J.&amp;doi=10.1088%2F0004-637X%2F761%2F1%2F59&amp;volume=761&amp;publication_year=2012&amp;author=Lopez%2CED&amp;author=Fortney%2CJJ&amp;author=Miller%2CN\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR45\">Piskorz, D. et al. Ground- and space-based detection of the thermal emission spectrum of the transiting hot Jupiter KELT-2Ab. Astron. J. 156, 133 (2018).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.3847\/1538-3881\/aad781\" data-track-item_id=\"10.3847\/1538-3881\/aad781\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3847%2F1538-3881%2Faad781\" aria-label=\"Article reference 45\" data-doi=\"10.3847\/1538-3881\/aad781\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2018AJ....156..133P\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 45\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 45\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Ground-%20and%20space-based%20detection%20of%20the%20thermal%20emission%20spectrum%20of%20the%20transiting%20hot%20Jupiter%20KELT-2Ab&amp;journal=Astron.%20J.&amp;doi=10.3847%2F1538-3881%2Faad781&amp;volume=156&amp;publication_year=2018&amp;author=Piskorz%2CD\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR46\">Wiser, L. S., Roth, A., Parmentier, V. &amp; Line, M. R. A comparison of one-dimensional and three-dimensional exoplanet atmosphere model grids: ScCHIMERA and the SPARC\/MiTgcm. Astrophys. J. 997, 365 (2026).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.3847\/1538-4357\/ae2b6c\" data-track-item_id=\"10.3847\/1538-4357\/ae2b6c\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3847%2F1538-4357%2Fae2b6c\" aria-label=\"Article reference 46\" data-doi=\"10.3847\/1538-4357\/ae2b6c\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 46\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=A%20comparison%20of%20one-dimensional%20and%20three-dimensional%20exoplanet%20atmosphere%20model%20grids%3A%20ScCHIMERA%20and%20the%20SPARC%2FMiTgcm&amp;journal=Astrophys.%20J.&amp;doi=10.3847%2F1538-4357%2Fae2b6c&amp;volume=997&amp;publication_year=2026&amp;author=Wiser%2CLS&amp;author=Roth%2CA&amp;author=Parmentier%2CV&amp;author=Line%2CMR\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR47\">Welbanks, L., McGill, P., Line, M. &amp; Madhusudhan, N. On the application of Bayesian leave one-out cross-validation to exoplanet atmospheric analysis. Astron. J. 165, 112 (2023).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.3847\/1538-3881\/acab67\" data-track-item_id=\"10.3847\/1538-3881\/acab67\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3847%2F1538-3881%2Facab67\" aria-label=\"Article reference 47\" data-doi=\"10.3847\/1538-3881\/acab67\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2023AJ....165..112W\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 47\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 47\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=On%20the%20application%20of%20Bayesian%20leave%20one-out%20cross-validation%20to%20exoplanet%20atmospheric%20analysis&amp;journal=Astron.%20J.&amp;doi=10.3847%2F1538-3881%2Facab67&amp;volume=165&amp;publication_year=2023&amp;author=Welbanks%2CL&amp;author=McGill%2CP&amp;author=Line%2CM&amp;author=Madhusudhan%2CN\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR48\">Welbanks, L. &amp; Madhusudhan, N. On atmospheric retrievals of exoplanets with inhomogeneous terminators. Astrophys. J. 933, 79 (2022).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.3847\/1538-4357\/ac6df1\" data-track-item_id=\"10.3847\/1538-4357\/ac6df1\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3847%2F1538-4357%2Fac6df1\" aria-label=\"Article reference 48\" data-doi=\"10.3847\/1538-4357\/ac6df1\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2022ApJ...933...79W\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 48\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 48\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=On%20atmospheric%20retrievals%20of%20exoplanets%20with%20inhomogeneous%20terminators&amp;journal=Astrophys.%20J.&amp;doi=10.3847%2F1538-4357%2Fac6df1&amp;volume=933&amp;publication_year=2022&amp;author=Welbanks%2CL&amp;author=Madhusudhan%2CN\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR49\">Rothman, L. et al. HITEMP, the high-temperature molecular spectroscopic database. J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf. 111, 2139\u20132150 (2010).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.jqsrt.2010.05.001\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/j.jqsrt.2010.05.001\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.jqsrt.2010.05.001\" aria-label=\"Article reference 49\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/j.jqsrt.2010.05.001\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2010JQSRT.111.2139R\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 49\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 49\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=HITEMP%2C%20the%20high-temperature%20molecular%20spectroscopic%20database&amp;journal=J.%20Quant.%20Spectrosc.%20Radiat.%20Transf.&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.jqsrt.2010.05.001&amp;volume=111&amp;pages=2139-2150&amp;publication_year=2010&amp;author=Rothman%2CL\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR50\">Yurchenko, S. N. &amp; Tennyson, J. ExoMol line lists. IV. The rotation\u2013vibration spectrum of methane up to 1500\u2009K. Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 440, 1649\u20131661 (2014).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1093\/mnras\/stu326\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1093\/mnras\/stu326\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093%2Fmnras%2Fstu326\" aria-label=\"Article reference 50\" data-doi=\"10.1093\/mnras\/stu326\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2014MNRAS.440.1649Y\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 50\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 50\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=ExoMol%20line%20lists.%20IV.%20The%20rotation%E2%80%93vibration%20spectrum%20of%20methane%20up%20to%201500%E2%80%89K&amp;journal=Mon.%20Not.%20R.%20Astron.%20Soc.&amp;doi=10.1093%2Fmnras%2Fstu326&amp;volume=440&amp;pages=1649-1661&amp;publication_year=2014&amp;author=Yurchenko%2CSN&amp;author=Tennyson%2CJ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR51\">Yurchenko, S. N., Barber, R. J. &amp; Tennyson, J. A variationally computed line list for hot NH3: hot line list for ammonia. Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 413, 1828\u20131834 (2011).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1111\/j.1365-2966.2011.18261.x\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1111\/j.1365-2966.2011.18261.x\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2966.2011.18261.x\" aria-label=\"Article reference 51\" data-doi=\"10.1111\/j.1365-2966.2011.18261.x\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2011MNRAS.413.1828Y\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 51\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 51\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=A%20variationally%20computed%20line%20list%20for%20hot%20NH3%3A%20hot%20line%20list%20for%20ammonia&amp;journal=Mon.%20Not.%20R.%20Astron.%20Soc.&amp;doi=10.1111%2Fj.1365-2966.2011.18261.x&amp;volume=413&amp;pages=1828-1834&amp;publication_year=2011&amp;author=Yurchenko%2CSN&amp;author=Barber%2CRJ&amp;author=Tennyson%2CJ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR52\">Barber, R. J. et al. ExoMol line lists. III. An improved hot rotation-vibration line list for HCN and HNC. Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 437, 1828\u20131835 (2014).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1093\/mnras\/stt2011\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1093\/mnras\/stt2011\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093%2Fmnras%2Fstt2011\" aria-label=\"Article reference 52\" data-doi=\"10.1093\/mnras\/stt2011\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2014MNRAS.437.1828B\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 52\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 52\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=ExoMol%20line%20lists.%20III.%20An%20improved%20hot%20rotation-vibration%20line%20list%20for%20HCN%20and%20HNC&amp;journal=Mon.%20Not.%20R.%20Astron.%20Soc.&amp;doi=10.1093%2Fmnras%2Fstt2011&amp;volume=437&amp;pages=1828-1835&amp;publication_year=2014&amp;author=Barber%2CRJ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR53\">Underwood, D. S. et al. ExoMol molecular line lists. XIV. The rotation\u2013vibration spectrum of hot SO2. Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 459, 3890\u20133899 (2016).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1093\/mnras\/stw849\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1093\/mnras\/stw849\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093%2Fmnras%2Fstw849\" aria-label=\"Article reference 53\" data-doi=\"10.1093\/mnras\/stw849\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2016MNRAS.459.3890U\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 53\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 53\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=ExoMol%20molecular%20line%20lists.%20XIV.%20The%20rotation%E2%80%93vibration%20spectrum%20of%20hot%20SO2&amp;journal=Mon.%20Not.%20R.%20Astron.%20Soc.&amp;doi=10.1093%2Fmnras%2Fstw849&amp;volume=459&amp;pages=3890-3899&amp;publication_year=2016&amp;author=Underwood%2CDS\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR54\">Richard, C. et al. New section of the HITRAN database: collision-induced absorption (CIA). J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf. 113, 1276\u20131285 (2012).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.jqsrt.2011.11.004\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/j.jqsrt.2011.11.004\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.jqsrt.2011.11.004\" aria-label=\"Article reference 54\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/j.jqsrt.2011.11.004\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2012JQSRT.113.1276R\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 54\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 54\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=New%20section%20of%20the%20HITRAN%20database%3A%20collision-induced%20absorption%20%28CIA%29&amp;journal=J.%20Quant.%20Spectrosc.%20Radiat.%20Transf.&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.jqsrt.2011.11.004&amp;volume=113&amp;pages=1276-1285&amp;publication_year=2012&amp;author=Richard%2CC\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR55\">Madhusudhan, N. &amp; Seager, S. A temperature and abundance retrieval method for exoplanet atmospheres. Astrophys. J. 707, 24\u201339 (2009).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1088\/0004-637X\/707\/1\/24\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1088\/0004-637X\/707\/1\/24\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088%2F0004-637X%2F707%2F1%2F24\" aria-label=\"Article reference 55\" data-doi=\"10.1088\/0004-637X\/707\/1\/24\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2009ApJ...707...24M\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 55\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 55\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=A%20temperature%20and%20abundance%20retrieval%20method%20for%20exoplanet%20atmospheres&amp;journal=Astrophys.%20J.&amp;doi=10.1088%2F0004-637X%2F707%2F1%2F24&amp;volume=707&amp;pages=24-39&amp;publication_year=2009&amp;author=Madhusudhan%2CN&amp;author=Seager%2CS\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR56\">Buchner, J. et al. X-ray spectral modelling of the AGN obscuring region in the CDFS: Bayesian model selection and catalogue. Astron. Astrophys. 564, A125 (2014).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1051\/0004-6361\/201322971\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1051\/0004-6361\/201322971\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1051%2F0004-6361%2F201322971\" aria-label=\"Article reference 56\" data-doi=\"10.1051\/0004-6361\/201322971\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 56\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=X-ray%20spectral%20modelling%20of%20the%20AGN%20obscuring%20region%20in%20the%20CDFS%3A%20Bayesian%20model%20selection%20and%20catalogue&amp;journal=Astron.%20Astrophys.&amp;doi=10.1051%2F0004-6361%2F201322971&amp;volume=564&amp;publication_year=2014&amp;author=Buchner%2CJ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR57\">Welbanks, L. et al. Mass\u2013metallicity trends in transiting exoplanets from atmospheric abundances of H2O, Na, and K. Astrophys. J. Lett. 887, L20 (2019).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.3847\/2041-8213\/ab5a89\" data-track-item_id=\"10.3847\/2041-8213\/ab5a89\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3847%2F2041-8213%2Fab5a89\" aria-label=\"Article reference 57\" data-doi=\"10.3847\/2041-8213\/ab5a89\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2019ApJ...887L..20W\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 57\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 57\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Mass%E2%80%93metallicity%20trends%20in%20transiting%20exoplanets%20from%20atmospheric%20abundances%20of%20H2O%2C%20Na%2C%20and%20K&amp;journal=Astrophys.%20J.%20Lett.&amp;doi=10.3847%2F2041-8213%2Fab5a89&amp;volume=887&amp;publication_year=2019&amp;author=Welbanks%2CL\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR58\">Madhusudhan, N. C\/O ratio as a dimension for characterizing exoplanetary atmospheres. Astrophys. J. 758, 36 (2012).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1088\/0004-637X\/758\/1\/36\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1088\/0004-637X\/758\/1\/36\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088%2F0004-637X%2F758%2F1%2F36\" aria-label=\"Article reference 58\" data-doi=\"10.1088\/0004-637X\/758\/1\/36\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2012ApJ...758...36M\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 58\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 58\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=C%2FO%20ratio%20as%20a%20dimension%20for%20characterizing%20exoplanetary%20atmospheres&amp;journal=Astrophys.%20J.&amp;doi=10.1088%2F0004-637X%2F758%2F1%2F36&amp;volume=758&amp;publication_year=2012&amp;author=Madhusudhan%2CN\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR59\">Moses, J. I., Madhusudhan, N., Visscher, C. &amp; Freedman, R. S. Chemical consequences of the C\/O ratio on hot Jupiters: examples from WASP-12b, CoRoT-2b, XO-1b, and HD 189733b. Astrophys. J. 763, 25 (2013).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1088\/0004-637X\/763\/1\/25\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1088\/0004-637X\/763\/1\/25\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088%2F0004-637X%2F763%2F1%2F25\" aria-label=\"Article reference 59\" data-doi=\"10.1088\/0004-637X\/763\/1\/25\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2013ApJ...763...25M\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 59\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 59\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Chemical%20consequences%20of%20the%20C%2FO%20ratio%20on%20hot%20Jupiters%3A%20examples%20from%20WASP-12b%2C%20CoRoT-2b%2C%20XO-1b%2C%20and%20HD%20189733b&amp;journal=Astrophys.%20J.&amp;doi=10.1088%2F0004-637X%2F763%2F1%2F25&amp;volume=763&amp;publication_year=2013&amp;author=Moses%2CJI&amp;author=Madhusudhan%2CN&amp;author=Visscher%2CC&amp;author=Freedman%2CRS\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR60\">Parmentier, V. Data from NGTS-10Ab phase curve. MAST <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17909\/fa95-k770\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.17909\/fa95-k770\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17909\/fa95-k770<\/a> (2026).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR61\">Parmentier, V. NGTS-10Ab JWST\/NIRSPEC PRISM phase curve data. Zenodo <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5281\/zenodo.18861579\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.5281\/zenodo.18861579\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5281\/zenodo.18861579<\/a> (2026).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Showman, A. P., Tan, X. &amp; Parmentier, V. Atmospheric dynamics of hot giant planets and brown dwarfs. Space&hellip;\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":425608,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[908,23205,58931,9411,1437,61,60,248,82],"class_list":["post-425607","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-science","tag-astronomy","tag-astrophysics-and-cosmology","tag-atmospheric-chemistry","tag-exoplanets","tag-general","tag-ie","tag-ireland","tag-physics","tag-science"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/425607","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=425607"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/425607\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/425608"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=425607"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=425607"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/ie\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=425607"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}