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Browsing Tag

Chemokines

5 posts
HHealth
Innate immune activation and microglial transition during neurodegeneration. (A) During neurodegeneration, distressed neurons release DAMPs such as mtDNA, ROS, HMGB1, aberrant proteins, and pTau–bound RNA. These signals activate resident microglia and astrocytes, which then recruit peripheral immune cells. As shown in more detail in B, activated microglia upregulate PRRs, including TLRs, RAGE, and cGAS, enabling detection of neuron-derived DAMPs. Engagement of PRRs induces proinflammatory gene expression programs and activates inflammasome pathways that promote release of chemokines and cytokines into the CNS parenchyma. As microglia transition from homeostatic to reactive states in a TREM2-dependent manner, damage-associated microglia increase MHC-II expression to support antigen presentation and coordination of adaptive immune responses that attempt to limit neurodegeneration.
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How the immune system may influence Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and related diseases

  • April 17, 2026
A sweeping review shows how the brain’s immune defenses can both fight and fuel neurodegeneration, revealing why timing,…
HHealth
Affordable drug found to be effective in treating seriously ill COVID-19 patients
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Study revises the understanding of neutrophil dynamics during respiratory viral infection

  • March 24, 2026
Neutrophil infiltration is a hallmark of pulmonary inflammation during respiratory viral infections, yet the origin of these cells…
HHealth
Cancer cells found to use ketones as alternate fuel for growth
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Tick-derived protein discovery can advance treatment for inflammatory diseases

  • February 28, 2026
When the immune system detects a harmful or foreign agent it triggers an inflammatory response small proteins called…
HHealth
Breakthrough enables continuous laboratory growth of human norovirus
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Breakthrough enables continuous laboratory growth of human norovirus

  • February 5, 2026
Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine report in Science Advances a breakthrough in human norovirus (HuNoV) research. Norovirus…
HHealth
uPAR and its associated proteins induce multiorgan injury. Dysregulation of innate immunity caused by various physiological challenges, such as diabetes, hypertension, viral and bacterial infections, or smoking, leads to elevated suPAR levels and/or production of the D2D3 protein. Models illustrate the mechanisms through which these proteins cause injury to the kidney (A), pancreas (B), and cardiovascular system (C).
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A single immune protein may help explain why kidney and heart disease often develop together

  • January 7, 2026
A growing body of human, genetic, and experimental evidence suggests that suPAR may not only signal disease risk…
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