{"id":25575,"date":"2025-09-19T12:37:13","date_gmt":"2025-09-19T12:37:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/il\/25575\/"},"modified":"2025-09-19T12:37:13","modified_gmt":"2025-09-19T12:37:13","slug":"predictors-of-health-seeking-behavior-in-patients-with-chronic-liver-disease-and-a-comparison-of-health-seeking-based-on-patient-type-bmc-gastroenterology","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/il\/25575\/","title":{"rendered":"Predictors of health-seeking behavior in patients with chronic liver disease and a comparison of health-seeking based on patient-type | BMC Gastroenterology"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR1\">World Health Assembly. Viral hepatitis: report by the Secretariat. World Health Organization. 2010. <a href=\"https:\/\/iris.who.int\/handle\/10665\/2383\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"https:\/\/iris.who.int\/handle\/10665\/2383\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/iris.who.int\/handle\/10665\/2383<\/a>. 11 Aug 2024.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR2\">Moon AM, Singal AG, Tapper EB. Contemporary epidemiology of chronic liver disease and cirrhosis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020;18(12):2650\u201366.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=31401364\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 2\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 2\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Contemporary%20epidemiology%20of%20chronic%20liver%20disease%20and%20cirrhosis&amp;journal=Clin%20Gastroenterol%20Hepatol&amp;volume=18&amp;issue=12&amp;pages=2650-66&amp;publication_year=2020&amp;author=Moon%2CAM&amp;author=Singal%2CAG&amp;author=Tapper%2CEB\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR3\">Montuclard C, Hamza S, Rollot F, Evrard P, Faivre J, Hillon P, Di Martino V, Minello A. Causes of death in people with chronic HBV infection: a population-based cohort study. J Hepatol. 2015;62(6):1265\u201371.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=25625233\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 3\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 3\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Causes%20of%20death%20in%20people%20with%20chronic%20HBV%20infection%3A%20a%20population-based%20cohort%20study&amp;journal=J%20Hepatol&amp;volume=62&amp;issue=6&amp;pages=1265-71&amp;publication_year=2015&amp;author=Montuclard%2CC&amp;author=Hamza%2CS&amp;author=Rollot%2CF&amp;author=Evrard%2CP&amp;author=Faivre%2CJ&amp;author=Hillon%2CP&amp;author=Martino%2CV&amp;author=Minello%2CA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR4\">Muhlberger N, Schwarzer R, Lettmeier B, Sroczynski G, Zeuzem S, Siebert U. HCV-related burden of disease in europe: a systematic assessment of incidence, prevalence, morbidity, and mortality. BMC Public Health. 2009;9: 34.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=19161623\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 4\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2656539\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 4\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 4\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=HCV-related%20burden%20of%20disease%20in%20europe%3A%20a%20systematic%20assessment%20of%20incidence%2C%20prevalence%2C%20morbidity%2C%20and%20mortality&amp;journal=BMC%20Public%20Health&amp;volume=9&amp;publication_year=2009&amp;author=Muhlberger%2CN&amp;author=Schwarzer%2CR&amp;author=Lettmeier%2CB&amp;author=Sroczynski%2CG&amp;author=Zeuzem%2CS&amp;author=Siebert%2CU\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR5\">Ito T, Kounnavong S, Miyoshi C. Financial burden and health-seeking behaviors related to chronic diseases under the National health insurance scheme in Bolikhamxay province, Lao PDR: a cross-sectional study. J Int J Equity Health. 2022;21(1):1\u201313.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 5\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Financial%20burden%20and%20health-seeking%20behaviors%20related%20to%20chronic%20diseases%20under%20the%20National%20health%20insurance%20scheme%20in%20Bolikhamxay%20province%2C%20Lao%20PDR%3A%20a%20cross-sectional%20study&amp;journal=J%20Int%20J%20Equity%20Health&amp;volume=21&amp;issue=1&amp;pages=1-13&amp;publication_year=2022&amp;author=Ito%2CT&amp;author=Kounnavong%2CS&amp;author=Miyoshi%2CC\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR6\">Adler JT, Yeh H. Social determinants in liver transplantation. Clin Liver Dis. 2016;7(1):15.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 6\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Social%20determinants%20in%20liver%20transplantation&amp;journal=Clin%20Liver%20Dis&amp;volume=7&amp;issue=1&amp;publication_year=2016&amp;author=Adler%2CJT&amp;author=Yeh%2CH\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR7\">Kardashian A, Wilder J, Terrault NA, Price JC. Addressing social determinants of liver disease during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond: a call to action. Hepatology. 2021;73(2):811\u201320.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/bmcgastroenterol.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BB3MXksV2hu70%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 7\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=33150599\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 7\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 7\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Addressing%20social%20determinants%20of%20liver%20disease%20during%20the%20COVID-19%20pandemic%20and%20beyond%3A%20a%20call%20to%20action&amp;journal=Hepatology&amp;volume=73&amp;issue=2&amp;pages=811-20&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Kardashian%2CA&amp;author=Wilder%2CJ&amp;author=Terrault%2CNA&amp;author=Price%2CJC\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR8\">Anwar M, Green J, Norris P. Health-seeking behaviour in Pakistan: a narrative review of the existing literature. Public Health. 2012;126(6):507\u201317.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/bmcgastroenterol.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:STN:280:DC%2BC38nisFeksg%3D%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 8\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=22579325\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 8\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 8\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Health-seeking%20behaviour%20in%20Pakistan%3A%20a%20narrative%20review%20of%20the%20existing%20literature&amp;journal=Public%20Health&amp;volume=126&amp;issue=6&amp;pages=507-17&amp;publication_year=2012&amp;author=Anwar%2CM&amp;author=Green%2CJ&amp;author=Norris%2CP\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR9\">Ufere NN, Satapathy N, Philpotts L, Lai JC, Serper M. Financial burden in adults with chronic liver disease: a scoping review. Liver Transpl. 2022;28(12):1920\u201335.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=35644920\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 9\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC9669101\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 9\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 9\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Financial%20burden%20in%20adults%20with%20chronic%20liver%20disease%3A%20a%20scoping%20review&amp;journal=Liver%20Transpl&amp;volume=28&amp;issue=12&amp;pages=1920-35&amp;publication_year=2022&amp;author=Ufere%2CNN&amp;author=Satapathy%2CN&amp;author=Philpotts%2CL&amp;author=Lai%2CJC&amp;author=Serper%2CM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR10\">Habka D, Mann D, Landes R, Soto-Gutierrez A. Future economics of liver transplantation: a 20-year cost modeling forecast and the prospect of bioengineering autologous liver grafts. PLoS One. 2015;10(7): e0131764.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=26177505\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 10\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4503760\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 10\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 10\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Future%20economics%20of%20liver%20transplantation%3A%20a%2020-year%20cost%20modeling%20forecast%20and%20the%20prospect%20of%20bioengineering%20autologous%20liver%20grafts&amp;journal=PLoS%20One&amp;volume=10&amp;issue=7&amp;publication_year=2015&amp;author=Habka%2CD&amp;author=Mann%2CD&amp;author=Landes%2CR&amp;author=Soto-Gutierrez%2CA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR11\">Golabi P, Paik JM, AlQahtani S, Younossi Y, Tuncer G, Younossi ZM. Burden of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Asia, the Middle East and North Africa: data from global burden of disease 2009\u20132019. J Hepatol. 2021;75(4):795\u2013809.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/bmcgastroenterol.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BB38XkslemtA%3D%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 11\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=34081959\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 11\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 11\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Burden%20of%20non-alcoholic%20fatty%20liver%20disease%20in%20Asia%2C%20the%20Middle%20East%20and%20North%20Africa%3A%20data%20from%20global%20burden%20of%20disease%202009%E2%80%932019&amp;journal=J%20Hepatol&amp;volume=75&amp;issue=4&amp;pages=795-809&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Golabi%2CP&amp;author=Paik%2CJM&amp;author=AlQahtani%2CS&amp;author=Younossi%2CY&amp;author=Tuncer%2CG&amp;author=Younossi%2CZM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR12\">Tu T, Block JM, Wang S, Cohen C, Douglas MW. The lived experience of chronic hepatitis B: a broader view of its impacts and why we need a cure. Viruses. 2020;12(5):515.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=32392763\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 12\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC7290920\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 12\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 12\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=The%20lived%20experience%20of%20chronic%20hepatitis%20B%3A%20a%20broader%20view%20of%20its%20impacts%20and%20why%20we%20need%20a%20cure&amp;journal=Viruses&amp;volume=12&amp;issue=5&amp;publication_year=2020&amp;author=Tu%2CT&amp;author=Block%2CJM&amp;author=Wang%2CS&amp;author=Cohen%2CC&amp;author=Douglas%2CMW\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR13\">Aby ES, Kaplan A, Ufere NN. Cost and value in liver disease guidelines: 2011\u20132022. Hepatol Commun. 2023;7(1):e0001.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=36633489\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 13\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC9827964\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 13\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 13\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Cost%20and%20value%20in%20liver%20disease%20guidelines%3A%202011%E2%80%932022&amp;journal=Hepatol%20Commun&amp;volume=7&amp;issue=1&amp;publication_year=2023&amp;author=Aby%2CES&amp;author=Kaplan%2CA&amp;author=Ufere%2CNN\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR14\">Shea S, Lionis C, Atkinson L, Kite C, Lagojda L, Chaggar SS, Kyrou I, Randeva HS. Support needs and coping strategies in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): a multidisciplinary approach to potential unmet challenges beyond pharmacological treatment. Livers. 2023;3(1):1\u201320.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 14\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Support%20needs%20and%20coping%20strategies%20in%20non-alcoholic%20fatty%20liver%20disease%20%28NAFLD%29%3A%20a%20multidisciplinary%20approach%20to%20potential%20unmet%20challenges%20beyond%20pharmacological%20treatment&amp;journal=Livers&amp;volume=3&amp;issue=1&amp;pages=1-20&amp;publication_year=2023&amp;author=Shea%2CS&amp;author=Lionis%2CC&amp;author=Atkinson%2CL&amp;author=Kite%2CC&amp;author=Lagojda%2CL&amp;author=Chaggar%2CSS&amp;author=Kyrou%2CI&amp;author=Randeva%2CHS\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR15\">H\u00e4user W, Holtmann G, Grandt D. Determinants of health-related quality of life in patients with chronic liver diseases. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2004;2(2):157\u201363.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=15017621\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 15\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 15\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Determinants%20of%20health-related%20quality%20of%20life%20in%20patients%20with%20chronic%20liver%20diseases&amp;journal=Clin%20Gastroenterol%20Hepatol&amp;volume=2&amp;issue=2&amp;pages=157-63&amp;publication_year=2004&amp;author=H%C3%A4user%2CW&amp;author=Holtmann%2CG&amp;author=Grandt%2CD\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR16\">Nguyen DL, Chao D, Ma G, Morgan T. Quality of life and factors predictive of burden among primary caregivers of chronic liver disease patients. Ann Gastroenterol. 2015;28(1):124\u20139.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=25608915\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 16\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4289985\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 16\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 16\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Quality%20of%20life%20and%20factors%20predictive%20of%20burden%20among%20primary%20caregivers%20of%20chronic%20liver%20disease%20patients&amp;journal=Ann%20Gastroenterol&amp;volume=28&amp;issue=1&amp;pages=124-29&amp;publication_year=2015&amp;author=Nguyen%2CDL&amp;author=Chao%2CD&amp;author=Ma%2CG&amp;author=Morgan%2CT\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR17\">Burnham B, Wallington S, Jillson IA, Trandafili H, Shetty K, Wang J, Loffredo CA. Knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs of patients with chronic liver disease. Am J Health Behav. 2014;38(5):737\u201344.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=24933143\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 17\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4504206\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 17\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 17\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Knowledge%2C%20attitudes%2C%20and%20beliefs%20of%20patients%20with%20chronic%20liver%20disease&amp;journal=Am%20J%20Health%20Behav&amp;volume=38&amp;issue=5&amp;pages=737-44&amp;publication_year=2014&amp;author=Burnham%2CB&amp;author=Wallington%2CS&amp;author=Jillson%2CIA&amp;author=Trandafili%2CH&amp;author=Shetty%2CK&amp;author=Wang%2CJ&amp;author=Loffredo%2CCA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR18\">Kraus MR, Sch\u00e4fer A, Csef H, Scheurlen M, Faller HJP. Emotional state, coping styles, and somatic variables in patients with chronic hepatitis c. Psychosomatics. 2000;41(5):377\u201384.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/bmcgastroenterol.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:STN:280:DC%2BD3cvmvVGqtg%3D%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 18\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=11015623\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 18\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 18\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Emotional%20state%2C%20coping%20styles%2C%20and%20somatic%20variables%20in%20patients%20with%20chronic%20hepatitis%20c&amp;journal=Psychosomatics&amp;volume=41&amp;issue=5&amp;pages=377-84&amp;publication_year=2000&amp;author=Kraus%2CMR&amp;author=Sch%C3%A4fer%2CA&amp;author=Csef%2CH&amp;author=Scheurlen%2CM&amp;author=Faller%2CHJP\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR19\">Newton JL, Jones DE. Managing systemic symptoms in chronic liver disease. J Hepatol. 2012;56(Suppl 1):S46\u201355.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/bmcgastroenterol.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38XitVers7k%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 19\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=22300465\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 19\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 19\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Managing%20systemic%20symptoms%20in%20chronic%20liver%20disease&amp;journal=J%20Hepatol&amp;volume=56&amp;issue=Suppl%201&amp;pages=S46-55&amp;publication_year=2012&amp;author=Newton%2CJL&amp;author=Jones%2CDE\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR20\">Telles-Correia D, Barbosa A, Mega I, Monteiro E. Importance of depression and active coping in liver transplant candidates\u2019 quality of life. Prog Transplant. 2009;19(1):85\u20139.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=19341068\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 20\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 20\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Importance%20of%20depression%20and%20active%20coping%20in%20liver%20transplant%20candidates%E2%80%99%20quality%20of%20life&amp;journal=Prog%20Transplant&amp;volume=19&amp;issue=1&amp;pages=85-9&amp;publication_year=2009&amp;author=Telles-Correia%2CD&amp;author=Barbosa%2CA&amp;author=Mega%2CI&amp;author=Monteiro%2CE\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR21\">Woodrell CD, Mitra A, Hamilton A, Hansen L. Burden, quality of life, and palliative care for family caregivers of individuals with advanced liver disease: a systematic literature review. Curr Hepatol Rep. 2021;20:198\u2013212.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 21\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Burden%2C%20quality%20of%20life%2C%20and%20palliative%20care%20for%20family%20caregivers%20of%20individuals%20with%20advanced%20liver%20disease%3A%20a%20systematic%20literature%20review&amp;journal=Curr%20Hepatol%20Rep&amp;volume=20&amp;pages=198-212&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Woodrell%2CCD&amp;author=Mitra%2CA&amp;author=Hamilton%2CA&amp;author=Hansen%2CL\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR22\">Gutteling JJ, Duivenvoorden HJ, Busschbach JJ, Robert A, Darlington A-SE. Psychological determinants of health-related quality of life in patients with chronic liver disease. Psychosomatics. 2010;51(2):157\u201365.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=20332291\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 22\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 22\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Psychological%20determinants%20of%20health-related%20quality%20of%20life%20in%20patients%20with%20chronic%20liver%20disease&amp;journal=Psychosomatics&amp;volume=51&amp;issue=2&amp;pages=157-65&amp;publication_year=2010&amp;author=Gutteling%2CJJ&amp;author=Duivenvoorden%2CHJ&amp;author=Busschbach%2CJJ&amp;author=Robert%2CA&amp;author=Darlington%2CA-SE\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR23\">Fagerstr\u00f6m C, Frisman GH. Living with liver cirrhosis: a vulnerable life. Gastroenterol Nurs. 2017;40(1):38\u201346.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=28134718\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 23\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 23\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Living%20with%20liver%20cirrhosis%3A%20a%20vulnerable%20life&amp;journal=Gastroenterol%20Nurs&amp;volume=40&amp;issue=1&amp;pages=38-46&amp;publication_year=2017&amp;author=Fagerstr%C3%B6m%2CC&amp;author=Frisman%2CGH\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR24\">McCaughan G, Crawford M, Sandroussi C, Koorey D, Bowen D, Shackel N, Strasser S. Assessment of adult patients with chronic liver failure for liver transplantation in 2015: who and when? Intern Med J. 2016;46(4):404\u201312.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/bmcgastroenterol.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:STN:280:DC%2BC28fos1Klsw%3D%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 24\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=27062203\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 24\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 24\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Assessment%20of%20adult%20patients%20with%20chronic%20liver%20failure%20for%20liver%20transplantation%20in%202015%3A%20who%20and%20when%3F&amp;journal=Intern%20Med%20J&amp;volume=46&amp;issue=4&amp;pages=404-12&amp;publication_year=2016&amp;author=McCaughan%2CG&amp;author=Crawford%2CM&amp;author=Sandroussi%2CC&amp;author=Koorey%2CD&amp;author=Bowen%2CD&amp;author=Shackel%2CN&amp;author=Strasser%2CS\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR25\">Swain MG, Jones DE. Fatigue in chronic liver disease: new insights and therapeutic approaches. Liver Int. 2019;39(1):6\u201319.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=29935104\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 25\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 25\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Fatigue%20in%20chronic%20liver%20disease%3A%20new%20insights%20and%20therapeutic%20approaches&amp;journal=Liver%20Int&amp;volume=39&amp;issue=1&amp;pages=6-19&amp;publication_year=2019&amp;author=Swain%2CMG&amp;author=Jones%2CDE\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR26\">Kaps L, Hildebrand K, Nagel M, Michel M, Kremer WM, Hilscher M, Galle PR, Schattenberg JM, W\u00f6rns M-A, Labenz C. Risk factors for poorer health literacy in patients with liver cirrhosis. PLoS One. 2021;16(7):e0255349.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/bmcgastroenterol.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BB3MXhs1ymtr%2FP\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 26\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=34314445\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 26\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC8315548\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 26\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 26\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Risk%20factors%20for%20poorer%20health%20literacy%20in%20patients%20with%20liver%20cirrhosis&amp;journal=PLoS%20One&amp;volume=16&amp;issue=7&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Kaps%2CL&amp;author=Hildebrand%2CK&amp;author=Nagel%2CM&amp;author=Michel%2CM&amp;author=Kremer%2CWM&amp;author=Hilscher%2CM&amp;author=Galle%2CPR&amp;author=Schattenberg%2CJM&amp;author=W%C3%B6rns%2CM-A&amp;author=Labenz%2CC\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR27\">Kawabata T, Moriyama M, Niitani M, Muzembo BA. Factors interfering with behavioral change in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: an ethnographic study. J Int Nurs Res. 2023;2(1):e2021-0032.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 27\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Factors%20interfering%20with%20behavioral%20change%20in%20patients%20with%20non-alcoholic%20fatty%20liver%20disease%3A%20an%20ethnographic%20study&amp;journal=J%20Int%20Nurs%20Res&amp;volume=2&amp;issue=1&amp;pages=e2021-0032&amp;publication_year=2023&amp;author=Kawabata%2CT&amp;author=Moriyama%2CM&amp;author=Niitani%2CM&amp;author=Muzembo%2CBA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR28\">Gulati R, Nawaz M, Pyrsopoulos NT. Health literacy and liver disease. Clin Liver Dis. 2018;11(2):48\u201351.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 28\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Health%20literacy%20and%20liver%20disease&amp;journal=Clin%20Liver%20Dis&amp;volume=11&amp;issue=2&amp;pages=48-51&amp;publication_year=2018&amp;author=Gulati%2CR&amp;author=Nawaz%2CM&amp;author=Pyrsopoulos%2CNT\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR29\">Mosadeghrad AM. Factors influencing healthcare service quality. Int J Health Policy Manag. 2014;3(2):77\u201389.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=25114946\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 29\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4122083\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 29\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 29\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Factors%20influencing%20healthcare%20service%20quality&amp;journal=Int%20J%20Health%20Policy%20Manag&amp;volume=3&amp;issue=2&amp;pages=77-89&amp;publication_year=2014&amp;author=Mosadeghrad%2CAM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR30\">Baumann AJ, Wheeler DS, James M, Turner R, Siegel A, Navarro VJ. Benefit of early palliative care intervention in end-stage liver disease patients awaiting liver transplantation. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2015;50(6):882\u20136.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=26303186\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 30\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 30\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Benefit%20of%20early%20palliative%20care%20intervention%20in%20end-stage%20liver%20disease%20patients%20awaiting%20liver%20transplantation&amp;journal=J%20Pain%20Symptom%20Manage&amp;volume=50&amp;issue=6&amp;pages=882-6&amp;publication_year=2015&amp;author=Baumann%2CAJ&amp;author=Wheeler%2CDS&amp;author=James%2CM&amp;author=Turner%2CR&amp;author=Siegel%2CA&amp;author=Navarro%2CVJ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR31\">Williams R, Aspinall R, Bellis M, Camps-Walsh G, Cramp M, Dhawan A, Ferguson J, Forton D, Foster G, Gilmore I. Addressing liver disease in the UK: a blueprint for attaining excellence in health care and reducing premature mortality from lifestyle issues of excess consumption of alcohol, obesity, and viral hepatitis. Lancet. 2014;384(9958):1953\u201397.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=25433429\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 31\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 31\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Addressing%20liver%20disease%20in%20the%20UK%3A%20a%20blueprint%20for%20attaining%20excellence%20in%20health%20care%20and%20reducing%20premature%20mortality%20from%20lifestyle%20issues%20of%20excess%20consumption%20of%20alcohol%2C%20obesity%2C%20and%20viral%20hepatitis&amp;journal=Lancet&amp;volume=384&amp;issue=9958&amp;pages=1953-97&amp;publication_year=2014&amp;author=Williams%2CR&amp;author=Aspinall%2CR&amp;author=Bellis%2CM&amp;author=Camps-Walsh%2CG&amp;author=Cramp%2CM&amp;author=Dhawan%2CA&amp;author=Ferguson%2CJ&amp;author=Forton%2CD&amp;author=Foster%2CG&amp;author=Gilmore%2CI\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR32\">Majid B, Khan R, Junaid Z, Khurshid O, Rehman SH, Jaffri SN, Zaidi B, Zehra J, Batool S, Altaf S. Assessment of knowledge about the risk factors of chronic liver disease in patients admitted in civil hospital Karachi. Cureus. 2019;11(10):e5945.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=31799087\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 32\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6860746\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 32\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 32\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Assessment%20of%20knowledge%20about%20the%20risk%20factors%20of%20chronic%20liver%20disease%20in%20patients%20admitted%20in%20civil%20hospital%20Karachi&amp;journal=Cureus&amp;volume=11&amp;issue=10&amp;publication_year=2019&amp;author=Majid%2CB&amp;author=Khan%2CR&amp;author=Junaid%2CZ&amp;author=Khurshid%2CO&amp;author=Rehman%2CSH&amp;author=Jaffri%2CSN&amp;author=Zaidi%2CB&amp;author=Zehra%2CJ&amp;author=Batool%2CS&amp;author=Altaf%2CS\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR33\">Mooneyhan E, Qureshi H, Mahmood H, Tariq M, Maqbool NA, Anwar M, Razavi H. Hepatitis C prevalence and elimination planning in Pakistan, a bottom-up approach accounting for provincial variation. J Viral Hepat. 2023;30(4):345\u201354.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=36650932\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 33\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 33\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Hepatitis%20C%20prevalence%20and%20elimination%20planning%20in%20Pakistan%2C%20a%20bottom-up%20approach%20accounting%20for%20provincial%20variation&amp;journal=J%20Viral%20Hepat&amp;volume=30&amp;issue=4&amp;pages=345-54&amp;publication_year=2023&amp;author=Mooneyhan%2CE&amp;author=Qureshi%2CH&amp;author=Mahmood%2CH&amp;author=Tariq%2CM&amp;author=Maqbool%2CNA&amp;author=Anwar%2CM&amp;author=Razavi%2CH\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR34\">Nishtar S, Boerma T, Amjad S, Alam AY, Khalid F, ul Haq I, Mirza YA. Pakistan\u2019s health system: performance and prospects after the 18th constitutional amendment. Lancet. 2013;381(9884):2193\u2013206.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=23684254\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 34\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 34\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Pakistan%E2%80%99s%20health%20system%3A%20performance%20and%20prospects%20after%20the%2018th%20constitutional%20amendment&amp;journal=Lancet&amp;volume=381&amp;issue=9884&amp;pages=2193-206&amp;publication_year=2013&amp;author=Nishtar%2CS&amp;author=Boerma%2CT&amp;author=Amjad%2CS&amp;author=Alam%2CAY&amp;author=Khalid%2CF&amp;author=ul%20Haq%2CI&amp;author=Mirza%2CYA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR35\">World Health Organization. Tracking universal health coverage: 2023 global monitoring report. 2023. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/9789240040618\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/9789240040618\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/9789240040618<\/a>. 11 Aug 2024.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR36\">Salim A, Farooq MO, Saleem S, Malik K. Financial burden and social implications of chronic liver disease in a patient population group in Pakistan. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(7):1503.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=39092038\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 36\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC11255803\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 36\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 36\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Financial%20burden%20and%20social%20implications%20of%20chronic%20liver%20disease%20in%20a%20patient%20population%20group%20in%20Pakistan&amp;journal=Pak%20J%20Med%20Sci&amp;volume=40&amp;issue=7&amp;publication_year=2024&amp;author=Salim%2CA&amp;author=Farooq%2CMO&amp;author=Saleem%2CS&amp;author=Malik%2CK\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR37\">Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute and Research Centre. 2024. <a href=\"https:\/\/pkli.org.pk\/\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"https:\/\/pkli.org.pk\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/pkli.org.pk\/<\/a>. 11 Aug 2024.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR38\">Dar, F. S., Arsalan, M., Haq, I. U., Rashid, S., Khan, M. Y., Haider, S., \u2026 Akbar,N. (2023, March). Liver transplantation: a right or a privilege? Sustainable liver transplant financing with an innovative model for the developing world. In Transplantation Proceedings (Vol. 55, No. 2, pp. 402\u2013407). Elsevier.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR39\">Eccles MP, Grimshaw JM, MacLennan G, Bonetti D, Glidewell L, Pitts NB, Johnston M. Explaining clinical behaviors using multiple theoretical models. Implement Sci. 2012;7:1\u201313.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 39\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Explaining%20clinical%20behaviors%20using%20multiple%20theoretical%20models&amp;journal=Implement%20Sci&amp;volume=7&amp;pages=1-13&amp;publication_year=2012&amp;author=Eccles%2CMP&amp;author=Grimshaw%2CJM&amp;author=MacLennan%2CG&amp;author=Bonetti%2CD&amp;author=Glidewell%2CL&amp;author=Pitts%2CNB&amp;author=Johnston%2CM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR40\">40, Cairney P. Standing on the shoulders of giants: how do we combine the insights of multiple theories in public policy studies? Policy Stud J. 2013;41(1):1\u201321.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 40\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Standing%20on%20the%20shoulders%20of%20giants%3A%20how%20do%20we%20combine%20the%20insights%20of%20multiple%20theories%20in%20public%20policy%20studies%3F&amp;journal=Policy%20Stud%20J&amp;volume=41&amp;issue=1&amp;pages=1-21&amp;publication_year=2013&amp;author=Cairney%2CP\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR41\">Kim S, Kim S. Analysis of the impact of health beliefs and resource factors on preventive behaviors against the COVID-19 pandemic. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(22): 8666.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/bmcgastroenterol.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BB3cXisFyhsr%2FE\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 41\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=33266386\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 41\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC7700576\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 41\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 41\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Analysis%20of%20the%20impact%20of%20health%20beliefs%20and%20resource%20factors%20on%20preventive%20behaviors%20against%20the%20COVID-19%20pandemic&amp;journal=Int%20J%20Environ%20Res%20Public%20Health&amp;volume=17&amp;issue=22&amp;publication_year=2020&amp;author=Kim%2CS&amp;author=Kim%2CS\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR42\">Bhatti ABH, Dar FS. Living donor liver transplantation in Pakistan. Transplantation. 2017;101(7):1507\u20138.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 42\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Living%20donor%20liver%20transplantation%20in%20Pakistan&amp;journal=Transplantation&amp;volume=101&amp;issue=7&amp;pages=1507-8&amp;publication_year=2017&amp;author=Bhatti%2CABH&amp;author=Dar%2CFS\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR43\">Hussain R, Rashidian A, Hafeez A, Mirzaee N. Factors influencing healthcare seeking behaviour at primary healthcare level, in Pakistan. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad. 2019;31(2):201\u20136.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=31094117\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 43\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 43\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Factors%20influencing%20healthcare%20seeking%20behaviour%20at%20primary%20healthcare%20level%2C%20in%20Pakistan&amp;journal=J%20Ayub%20Med%20Coll%20Abbottabad&amp;volume=31&amp;issue=2&amp;pages=201-6&amp;publication_year=2019&amp;author=Hussain%2CR&amp;author=Rashidian%2CA&amp;author=Hafeez%2CA&amp;author=Mirzaee%2CN\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR44\">Anuar H, Shah S, Gafor H, Mahmood M, Ghazi HF. Usage of health belief model (HBM) in health behavior: a systematic review. Malaysian J Med Health Sci. 2020;16(11):201\u20139.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 44\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Usage%20of%20health%20belief%20model%20%28HBM%29%20in%20health%20behavior%3A%20a%20systematic%20review&amp;journal=Malaysian%20J%20Med%20Health%20Sci&amp;volume=16&amp;issue=11&amp;pages=201-9&amp;publication_year=2020&amp;author=Anuar%2CH&amp;author=Shah%2CS&amp;author=Gafor%2CH&amp;author=Mahmood%2CM&amp;author=Ghazi%2CHF\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR45\">Nobiling BD, Maykrantz SA. Exploring perceptions about and behaviors related to mental illness and mental health service utilization among college students using the health belief model (HBM). Am J Health Educ. 2017;48(5):306\u201319.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 45\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Exploring%20perceptions%20about%20and%20behaviors%20related%20to%20mental%20illness%20and%20mental%20health%20service%20utilization%20among%20college%20students%20using%20the%20health%20belief%20model%20%28HBM%29&amp;journal=Am%20J%20Health%20Educ&amp;volume=48&amp;issue=5&amp;pages=306-19&amp;publication_year=2017&amp;author=Nobiling%2CBD&amp;author=Maykrantz%2CSA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR46\">Kirn JM. Religion and the health belief model. J Relig Health. 1991;30(4):321\u20139.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/bmcgastroenterol.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:STN:280:DC%2BC2c3gsFChtw%3D%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 46\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=24272764\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 46\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 46\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Religion%20and%20the%20health%20belief%20model&amp;journal=J%20Relig%20Health&amp;volume=30&amp;issue=4&amp;pages=321-9&amp;publication_year=1991&amp;author=Kirn%2CJM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR47\">Nakajima S. Complicated grief: recent developments in diagnostic criteria and treatment. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2018;373(1754): 20170273.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=30012739\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 47\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6053994\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 47\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 47\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Complicated%20grief%3A%20recent%20developments%20in%20diagnostic%20criteria%20and%20treatment&amp;journal=Philos%20Trans%20R%20Soc%20Lond%20B%20Biol%20Sci&amp;volume=373&amp;issue=1754&amp;publication_year=2018&amp;author=Nakajima%2CS\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR48\">May CR, Eton DT, Boehmer K, Gallacher K, Hunt K, MacDonald S, Mair FS, May CM, Montori VM, Richardson A. Rethinking the patient: using burden of treatment theory to understand the changing dynamics of illness. BMC Health Serv Res. 2014;14:281.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=24969758\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 48\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4080515\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 48\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 48\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Rethinking%20the%20patient%3A%20using%20burden%20of%20treatment%20theory%20to%20understand%20the%20changing%20dynamics%20of%20illness&amp;journal=BMC%20Health%20Serv%20Res&amp;volume=14&amp;publication_year=2014&amp;author=May%2CCR&amp;author=Eton%2CDT&amp;author=Boehmer%2CK&amp;author=Gallacher%2CK&amp;author=Hunt%2CK&amp;author=MacDonald%2CS&amp;author=Mair%2CFS&amp;author=May%2CCM&amp;author=Montori%2CVM&amp;author=Richardson%2CA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR49\">Nordfonn OK, Morken IM, Bru LE, Larsen AI, Huseb\u00f8 AML. Burden of treatment in patients with chronic heart failure \u2013 a cross-sectional study. Heart Lung. 2021;50(3):369\u201374.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=33618147\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 49\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 49\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Burden%20of%20treatment%20in%20patients%20with%20chronic%20heart%20failure%20%E2%80%93%20a%20cross-sectional%20study&amp;journal=Heart%20Lung&amp;volume=50&amp;issue=3&amp;pages=369-74&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Nordfonn%2COK&amp;author=Morken%2CIM&amp;author=Bru%2CLE&amp;author=Larsen%2CAI&amp;author=Huseb%C3%B8%2CAML\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR50\">Zeidi IM, Morshedi H, Otaghvar HA. A theory of planned behavior-enhanced intervention to promote health literacy and self-care behaviors of type 2 diabetic patients. J Prev Med Hyg. 2020;61(4):e601\u201313.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=33628967\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 50\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 50\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=A%20theory%20of%20planned%20behavior-enhanced%20intervention%20to%20promote%20health%20literacy%20and%20self-care%20behaviors%20of%20type%202%20diabetic%20patients&amp;journal=J%20Prev%20Med%20Hyg&amp;volume=61&amp;issue=4&amp;pages=e601-13&amp;publication_year=2020&amp;author=Zeidi%2CIM&amp;author=Morshedi%2CH&amp;author=Otaghvar%2CHA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR51\">Ajzen I, Joyce N, Sheikh S, Cote NG. Knowledge and the prediction of behavior: the role of information accuracy in the theory of planned behavior. Basic Appl Soc Psychol. 2011;33(2):101\u201317.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 51\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Knowledge%20and%20the%20prediction%20of%20behavior%3A%20the%20role%20of%20information%20accuracy%20in%20the%20theory%20of%20planned%20behavior&amp;journal=Basic%20Appl%20Soc%20Psychol&amp;volume=33&amp;issue=2&amp;pages=101-17&amp;publication_year=2011&amp;author=Ajzen%2CI&amp;author=Joyce%2CN&amp;author=Sheikh%2CS&amp;author=Cote%2CNG\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR52\">Holden RJ, McDougald Scott AM, Hoonakker PL, Hundt AS, Carayon P. Data collection challenges in community settings: insights from two field studies of patients with chronic disease. Qual Life Res. 2015;24(5):1043\u201355.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=25154464\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 52\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 52\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Data%20collection%20challenges%20in%20community%20settings%3A%20insights%20from%20two%20field%20studies%20of%20patients%20with%20chronic%20disease&amp;journal=Qual%20Life%20Res&amp;volume=24&amp;issue=5&amp;pages=1043-55&amp;publication_year=2015&amp;author=Holden%2CRJ&amp;author=McDougald%20Scott%2CAM&amp;author=Hoonakker%2CPL&amp;author=Hundt%2CAS&amp;author=Carayon%2CP\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR53\">Kishore K, Jaswal V, Kulkarni V, De D. Practical guidelines to develop and evaluate a questionnaire. Indian Dermatol Online J. 2021;12(2):266\u201375.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=33959523\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 53\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC8088187\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 53\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 53\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Practical%20guidelines%20to%20develop%20and%20evaluate%20a%20questionnaire&amp;journal=Indian%20Dermatol%20Online%20J&amp;volume=12&amp;issue=2&amp;pages=266-75&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Kishore%2CK&amp;author=Jaswal%2CV&amp;author=Kulkarni%2CV&amp;author=De%2CD\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR54\">Streiner DL, Norman GR, Cairney J. Health measurement scales: a practical guide to their development and use. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2024.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR55\">Sayili U, Siddikoglu E, Turgut D, Arisli HE, Ceyhan B, Gunver MG, Erginoz E. Does categorizing scale scores with cutoff points affect hypothesis-testing results? Discover Mental Health. 2024;4(1):14.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=38649587\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 55\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC11035512\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 55\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 55\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Does%20categorizing%20scale%20scores%20with%20cutoff%20points%20affect%20hypothesis-testing%20results%3F&amp;journal=Discover%20Mental%20Health&amp;volume=4&amp;issue=1&amp;publication_year=2024&amp;author=Sayili%2CU&amp;author=Siddikoglu%2CE&amp;author=Turgut%2CD&amp;author=Arisli%2CHE&amp;author=Ceyhan%2CB&amp;author=Gunver%2CMG&amp;author=Erginoz%2CE\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR56\">Bernerth JB, Aguinis H. A critical review and best-practice recommendations for control variable usage. Pers Psychol. 2016;69(1):229\u201383.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 56\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=A%20critical%20review%20and%20best-practice%20recommendations%20for%20control%20variable%20usage&amp;journal=Pers%20Psychol&amp;volume=69&amp;issue=1&amp;pages=229-83&amp;publication_year=2016&amp;author=Bernerth%2CJB&amp;author=Aguinis%2CH\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR57\">Bartram D. Cross-sectional model-building for research on subjective well-being: gaining clarity on control variables. Soc Indic Res. 2021;155:725\u201343.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 57\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Cross-sectional%20model-building%20for%20research%20on%20subjective%20well-being%3A%20gaining%20clarity%20on%20control%20variables&amp;journal=Soc%20Indic%20Res&amp;volume=155&amp;pages=725-43&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Bartram%2CD\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR58\">Brown JD. The cronbach alpha reliability estimate. JALT Test Eval SIG Newsl. 2002;6(1):17\u20138.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 58\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=The%20cronbach%20alpha%20reliability%20estimate&amp;journal=JALT%20Test%20Eval%20SIG%20Newsl&amp;volume=6&amp;issue=1&amp;pages=17-8&amp;publication_year=2002&amp;author=Brown%2CJD\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR59\">Schober P, Boer C, Schwarte LA. Correlation coefficients: appropriate use and interpretation. Anesth Analg. 2018;126(5):1763\u20138.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=29481436\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 59\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 59\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Correlation%20coefficients%3A%20appropriate%20use%20and%20interpretation&amp;journal=Anesth%20Analg&amp;volume=126&amp;issue=5&amp;pages=1763-8&amp;publication_year=2018&amp;author=Schober%2CP&amp;author=Boer%2CC&amp;author=Schwarte%2CLA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR60\">Kim H, Kisseleva T, Brenner DA. Aging and liver disease. Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2015;31(3):184\u201391.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/bmcgastroenterol.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2MXmsFaksb4%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 60\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=25850346\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 60\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4736713\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 60\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 60\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Aging%20and%20liver%20disease&amp;journal=Curr%20Opin%20Gastroenterol&amp;volume=31&amp;issue=3&amp;pages=184-91&amp;publication_year=2015&amp;author=Kim%2CH&amp;author=Kisseleva%2CT&amp;author=Brenner%2CDA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR61\">Pinto RB, Schneider ACR, da Silveira TR. Cirrhosis in children and adolescents: an overview. World J Hepatol. 2015;7(3):392\u2013405.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=25848466\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 61\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4381165\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 61\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 61\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Cirrhosis%20in%20children%20and%20adolescents%3A%20an%20overview&amp;journal=World%20J%20Hepatol&amp;volume=7&amp;issue=3&amp;pages=392-405&amp;publication_year=2015&amp;author=Pinto%2CRB&amp;author=Schneider%2CACR&amp;author=Silveira%2CTR\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR62\">Pakistan Bureau of Statistics. (2019). Household Integrated Economic Survey 2018-19. Government of Pakistan. Retrieved: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pbs.gov.pk\/publication\/household-integrated-economic-survey-hies-2018-19\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"https:\/\/www.pbs.gov.pk\/publication\/household-integrated-economic-survey-hies-2018-19\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/www.pbs.gov.pk\/publication\/household-integrated-economic-survey-hies-2018-19<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR63\">Golovaty I, Tien PC, Price JC, Sheira L, Seligman H, Weiser SD. Food insecurity may be an independent risk factor associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease among low-income adults in the united States. J Nutr. 2020;150(1):91\u20138.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=31504710\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 63\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 63\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Food%20insecurity%20may%20be%20an%20independent%20risk%20factor%20associated%20with%20nonalcoholic%20fatty%20liver%20disease%20among%20low-income%20adults%20in%20the%20united%20States&amp;journal=J%20Nutr&amp;volume=150&amp;issue=1&amp;pages=91-8&amp;publication_year=2020&amp;author=Golovaty%2CI&amp;author=Tien%2CPC&amp;author=Price%2CJC&amp;author=Sheira%2CL&amp;author=Seligman%2CH&amp;author=Weiser%2CSD\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR64\">Vaz J, Str\u00f6mberg U, Eriksson B, Buchebner D, Midl\u00f6v P. Socioeconomic and marital status among liver cirrhosis patients and associations with mortality: a population-based cohort study in Sweden. BMC Public Health. 2020;20:1\u201313.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 64\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Socioeconomic%20and%20marital%20status%20among%20liver%20cirrhosis%20patients%20and%20associations%20with%20mortality%3A%20a%20population-based%20cohort%20study%20in%20Sweden&amp;journal=BMC%20Public%20Health&amp;volume=20&amp;pages=1-13&amp;publication_year=2020&amp;author=Vaz%2CJ&amp;author=Str%C3%B6mberg%2CU&amp;author=Eriksson%2CB&amp;author=Buchebner%2CD&amp;author=Midl%C3%B6v%2CP\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR65\">Tognarelli J, Ladep NG, Crossey MM, Okeke E, Duguru M, Banwat E, Taylor-Robinson SD. Reasons why West Africa continues to be a hotbed for hepatocellular carcinoma. J Nigerian Med Journal: J Nigeria Med Association. 2015;56(4):231.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 65\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Reasons%20why%20West%20Africa%20continues%20to%20be%20a%20hotbed%20for%20hepatocellular%20carcinoma&amp;journal=J%20Nigerian%20Med%20Journal%3A%20J%20Nigeria%20Med%20Association&amp;volume=56&amp;issue=4&amp;publication_year=2015&amp;author=Tognarelli%2CJ&amp;author=Ladep%2CNG&amp;author=Crossey%2CMM&amp;author=Okeke%2CE&amp;author=Duguru%2CM&amp;author=Banwat%2CE&amp;author=Taylor-Robinson%2CSD\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR66\">Mohsen W, Rodov M, Prakoso E, Charlton B, Bowen DG, Koorey DJ, Shackel NA, McCaughan GW, Strasser SI. Patients with non-viral liver disease have a greater tumor burden and less curative treatment options when diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol. 2017;23(15):2763.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=28487614\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 66\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5403756\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 66\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 66\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Patients%20with%20non-viral%20liver%20disease%20have%20a%20greater%20tumor%20burden%20and%20less%20curative%20treatment%20options%20when%20diagnosed%20with%20hepatocellular%20carcinoma&amp;journal=World%20J%20Gastroenterol&amp;volume=23&amp;issue=15&amp;publication_year=2017&amp;author=Mohsen%2CW&amp;author=Rodov%2CM&amp;author=Prakoso%2CE&amp;author=Charlton%2CB&amp;author=Bowen%2CDG&amp;author=Koorey%2CDJ&amp;author=Shackel%2CNA&amp;author=McCaughan%2CGW&amp;author=Strasser%2CSI\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR67\">Cheemerla S, Balakrishnan M. Global epidemiology of chronic liver disease. Clin Liver Dis. 2021;17(5):365\u201370.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 67\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Global%20epidemiology%20of%20chronic%20liver%20disease&amp;journal=Clin%20Liver%20Dis&amp;volume=17&amp;issue=5&amp;pages=365-70&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Cheemerla%2CS&amp;author=Balakrishnan%2CM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR68\">Khan S, Rai MA, Khanani MR, Khan MN, Ali SH. HIV-1 subtype A infection in a community of intravenous drug users in Pakistan. BMC Infect Dis. 2006;6: 164.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=17105667\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 68\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC1654165\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 68\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 68\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=HIV-1%20subtype%20A%20infection%20in%20a%20community%20of%20intravenous%20drug%20users%20in%20Pakistan&amp;journal=BMC%20Infect%20Dis&amp;volume=6&amp;publication_year=2006&amp;author=Khan%2CS&amp;author=Rai%2CMA&amp;author=Khanani%2CMR&amp;author=Khan%2CMN&amp;author=Ali%2CSH\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR69\">Siddiqui M, Hameed R, Nadeem M, Mohammad T, Simbak N, Latif A, Abubakar Y, Baig A. Obesity in Pakistan; current and future perceptions. Curr Trends Biomed Eng Biosci. 2018;17(2):555958.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 69\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Obesity%20in%20pakistan%3B%20current%20and%20future%20perceptions&amp;journal=Curr%20Trends%20Biomed%20Eng%20Biosci&amp;volume=17&amp;pages=001-4&amp;publication_year=2018&amp;author=Siddiqui%2CM&amp;author=Hameed%2CR&amp;author=Nadeem%2CM&amp;author=Mohammad%2CT&amp;author=Simbak%2CN&amp;author=Latif%2CA&amp;author=Abubakar%2CY&amp;author=Baig%2CA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR70\">Aamir AH, Ul-Haq Z, Mahar SA, Qureshi FM, Ahmad I, Jawa A, Sheikh A, Raza A, Fazid S, Jadoon Z. Diabetes prevalence survey of Pakistan (DPS-PAK): prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and prediabetes using HbA1c: a population-based survey from Pakistan. BMJ Open. 2019;9(2):e025300.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=30796126\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 70\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6398762\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 70\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 70\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Diabetes%20prevalence%20survey%20of%20Pakistan%20%28DPS-PAK%29%3A%20prevalence%20of%20type%202%20diabetes%20mellitus%20and%20prediabetes%20using%20HbA1c%3A%20a%20population-based%20survey%20from%20Pakistan&amp;journal=BMJ%20Open&amp;volume=9&amp;issue=2&amp;publication_year=2019&amp;author=Aamir%2CAH&amp;author=Ul-Haq%2CZ&amp;author=Mahar%2CSA&amp;author=Qureshi%2CFM&amp;author=Ahmad%2CI&amp;author=Jawa%2CA&amp;author=Sheikh%2CA&amp;author=Raza%2CA&amp;author=Fazid%2CS&amp;author=Jadoon%2CZ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR71\">Subhan F, Alam A, Ahmad I, Afridi A, Arshid A, Ahmad Z, Rauf K. Physician\u2019s perspective on alcohol use among patients of tertiary care hospital Abbottabad Pakistan. Ann Pharmacol Pharm. 2020;5(3):1181.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 71\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Physician%E2%80%99s%20perspective%20on%20alcohol%20use%20among%20patients%20of%20tertiary%20care%20hospital%20Abbottabad%20Pakistan&amp;journal=Ann%20Pharmacol%20Pharm&amp;volume=5&amp;issue=3&amp;publication_year=2020&amp;author=Subhan%2CF&amp;author=Alam%2CA&amp;author=Ahmad%2CI&amp;author=Afridi%2CA&amp;author=Arshid%2CA&amp;author=Ahmad%2CZ&amp;author=Rauf%2CK\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR72\">Allan NJ. Opium production in Afghanistan and Pakistan. In: Steinberg MK, Hobbs JJ, Mathewson K, editors. Dangerous harvest: drug plants and the transformation of Indigenous landscapes. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2004. pp. 133\u201352.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 72\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Opium%20production%20in%20Afghanistan%20and%20Pakistan&amp;pages=133-52&amp;publication_year=2004&amp;author=Allan%2CNJ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR73\">Premkumar M, Anand AC. Tobacco, cigarettes, and the liver: the smoking gun. J Clin Exp Hepatol. 2021;11(6):700\u201312.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/bmcgastroenterol.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BB3sXis1SgsbY%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 73\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=34866849\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 73\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC8617531\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 73\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 73\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Tobacco%2C%20cigarettes%2C%20and%20the%20liver%3A%20the%20smoking%20gun&amp;journal=J%20Clin%20Exp%20Hepatol&amp;volume=11&amp;issue=6&amp;pages=700-12&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Premkumar%2CM&amp;author=Anand%2CAC\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR74\">Martin NK, Vickerman P, Dore GJ, Grebely J, Miners A, Cairns J, Foster GR, Hutchinson SJ, Goldberg DJ, Martin TC. Prioritization of HCV treatment in the direct-acting antiviral era: an economic evaluation. J Hepatol. 2016;65(1):17\u201325.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=26867489\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 74\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4914770\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 74\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 74\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Prioritization%20of%20HCV%20treatment%20in%20the%20direct-acting%20antiviral%20era%3A%20an%20economic%20evaluation&amp;journal=J%20Hepatol&amp;volume=65&amp;issue=1&amp;pages=17-25&amp;publication_year=2016&amp;author=Martin%2CNK&amp;author=Vickerman%2CP&amp;author=Dore%2CGJ&amp;author=Grebely%2CJ&amp;author=Miners%2CA&amp;author=Cairns%2CJ&amp;author=Foster%2CGR&amp;author=Hutchinson%2CSJ&amp;author=Goldberg%2CDJ&amp;author=Martin%2CTC\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR75\">Hyun S, Ko O, Kim S, Ventura WR. Sociocultural barriers to hepatitis B health literacy in an immigrant population: a focus group study in Korean Americans. BMC Public Health. 2021;21:404.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=33632203\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 75\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC7908637\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 75\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 75\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Sociocultural%20barriers%20to%20hepatitis%20B%20health%20literacy%20in%20an%20immigrant%20population%3A%20a%20focus%20group%20study%20in%20Korean%20Americans&amp;journal=BMC%20Public%20Health&amp;volume=21&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Hyun%2CS&amp;author=Ko%2CO&amp;author=Kim%2CS&amp;author=Ventura%2CWR\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR76\">Baumeister SE, V\u00f6lzke H, Marschall P, John U, Schmidt CO, Flessa S, Alte D. Impact of fatty liver disease on health care utilization and costs in a general population: a 5-year observation. Gastroenterology. 2008;134(1):85\u201394.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=18005961\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 76\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 76\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Impact%20of%20fatty%20liver%20disease%20on%20health%20care%20utilization%20and%20costs%20in%20a%20general%20population%3A%20a%205-year%20observation&amp;journal=Gastroenterology&amp;volume=134&amp;issue=1&amp;pages=85-94&amp;publication_year=2008&amp;author=Baumeister%2CSE&amp;author=V%C3%B6lzke%2CH&amp;author=Marschall%2CP&amp;author=John%2CU&amp;author=Schmidt%2CCO&amp;author=Flessa%2CS&amp;author=Alte%2CD\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR77\">Maunder RG, Hunter JJ. Attachment and psychosomatic medicine: developmental contributions to stress and disease. Psychosom Med. 2001;63(4):556\u201367.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/bmcgastroenterol.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:STN:280:DC%2BD38%2FislCgtg%3D%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 77\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=11485109\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 77\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 77\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Attachment%20and%20psychosomatic%20medicine%3A%20developmental%20contributions%20to%20stress%20and%20disease&amp;journal=Psychosom%20Med&amp;volume=63&amp;issue=4&amp;pages=556-67&amp;publication_year=2001&amp;author=Maunder%2CRG&amp;author=Hunter%2CJJ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR78\">Bajis S, Grebely J, Cooper L, Smith J, Owen G, Chudleigh A, Hajarizadeh B, Martinello M, Adey S, Read P. Hepatitis C virus testing, liver disease assessment and direct-acting antiviral treatment uptake and outcomes in a service for people who are homeless in Sydney, Australia: the liverlife homelessness study. J Viral Hepat. 2019;26(8):969\u201379.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/bmcgastroenterol.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BC1MXhsVarsbzE\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 78\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=30980785\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 78\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 78\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Hepatitis%20C%20virus%20testing%2C%20liver%20disease%20assessment%20and%20direct-acting%20antiviral%20treatment%20uptake%20and%20outcomes%20in%20a%20service%20for%20people%20who%20are%20homeless%20in%20Sydney%2C%20Australia%3A%20the%20liverlife%20homelessness%20study&amp;journal=J%20Viral%20Hepat&amp;volume=26&amp;issue=8&amp;pages=969-79&amp;publication_year=2019&amp;author=Bajis%2CS&amp;author=Grebely%2CJ&amp;author=Cooper%2CL&amp;author=Smith%2CJ&amp;author=Owen%2CG&amp;author=Chudleigh%2CA&amp;author=Hajarizadeh%2CB&amp;author=Martinello%2CM&amp;author=Adey%2CS&amp;author=Read%2CP\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR79\">Mir A, Hassnain S, Khan A. Frequency of chronic diseases in elderly age group. Prof Med J. 2021;28(8):1120\u20135.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 79\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Frequency%20of%20chronic%20diseases%20in%20elderly%20age%20group&amp;journal=Prof%20Med%20J&amp;volume=28&amp;issue=8&amp;pages=1120-5&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Mir%2CA&amp;author=Hassnain%2CS&amp;author=Khan%2CA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR80\">Rosland A-M, Piette JD. Emerging models for mobilizing family support for chronic disease management: a structured review. Chronic Illn. 2010;6(1):7\u201321.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=20308347\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 80\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4349200\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 80\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 80\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Emerging%20models%20for%20mobilizing%20family%20support%20for%20chronic%20disease%20management%3A%20a%20structured%20review&amp;journal=Chronic%20Illn&amp;volume=6&amp;issue=1&amp;pages=7-21&amp;publication_year=2010&amp;author=Rosland%2CA-M&amp;author=Piette%2CJD\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR81\">Younossi ZM, Blissett D, Blissett R, Henry L, Stepanova M, Younossi Y, Racila A, Hunt S, Beckerman R. The economic and clinical burden of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in the united States and Europe. Hepatology. 2016;64(5):1577\u201386.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=27543837\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 81\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 81\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=The%20economic%20and%20clinical%20burden%20of%20nonalcoholic%20fatty%20liver%20disease%20in%20the%20united%20States%20and%20Europe&amp;journal=Hepatology&amp;volume=64&amp;issue=5&amp;pages=1577-86&amp;publication_year=2016&amp;author=Younossi%2CZM&amp;author=Blissett%2CD&amp;author=Blissett%2CR&amp;author=Henry%2CL&amp;author=Stepanova%2CM&amp;author=Younossi%2CY&amp;author=Racila%2CA&amp;author=Hunt%2CS&amp;author=Beckerman%2CR\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR82\">Punjani NS, Shams S, Bhanji SM. Analysis of health care delivery systems: Pakistan versus United States. Int J Endorsing Health Sci Res. 2014;2(1):38\u201341.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 82\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Analysis%20of%20health%20care%20delivery%20systems%3A%20Pakistan%20versus%20United%20States&amp;journal=Int%20J%20Endorsing%20Health%20Sci%20Res&amp;volume=2&amp;issue=1&amp;pages=38-41&amp;publication_year=2014&amp;author=Punjani%2CNS&amp;author=Shams%2CS&amp;author=Bhanji%2CSM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR83\">Pirani SSA, Ali TS, Allana S, Ismail FW. The patterns of health seeking behavior among patients with hepatitis C in Karachi, Pakistan. Pak J Public Health. 2015;5(1):12.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 83\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=The%20patterns%20of%20health%20seeking%20behavior%20among%20patients%20with%20hepatitis%20C%20in%20Karachi%2C%20Pakistan&amp;journal=Pak%20J%20Public%20Health&amp;volume=5&amp;issue=1&amp;publication_year=2015&amp;author=Pirani%2CSSA&amp;author=Ali%2CTS&amp;author=Allana%2CS&amp;author=Ismail%2CFW\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR84\">Saqlain M, Riaz A, Malik MN, Khan S, Ahmed A, Kamran S, Ali H. Medication adherence and its association with health literacy and performance in activities of daily livings among elderly hypertensive patients in Islamabad, Pakistan. Medicina (B Aires). 2019;55(5):163.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 84\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Medication%20adherence%20and%20its%20association%20with%20health%20literacy%20and%20performance%20in%20activities%20of%20daily%20livings%20among%20elderly%20hypertensive%20patients%20in%20Islamabad%2C%20Pakistan&amp;journal=Medicina%20%28B%20Aires%29&amp;volume=55&amp;issue=5&amp;publication_year=2019&amp;author=Saqlain%2CM&amp;author=Riaz%2CA&amp;author=Malik%2CMN&amp;author=Khan%2CS&amp;author=Ahmed%2CA&amp;author=Kamran%2CS&amp;author=Ali%2CH\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR85\">Patel K, Maguire E, Chartier M, Akpan I, Rogal S. Integrating care for patients with chronic liver disease and mental health and substance use disorders. Fed Pract. 2018;35(Suppl 2):S14.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=30766391\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 85\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6375404\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 85\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 85\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Integrating%20care%20for%20patients%20with%20chronic%20liver%20disease%20and%20mental%20health%20and%20substance%20use%20disorders&amp;journal=Fed%20Pract&amp;volume=35&amp;issue=Suppl%202&amp;publication_year=2018&amp;author=Patel%2CK&amp;author=Maguire%2CE&amp;author=Chartier%2CM&amp;author=Akpan%2CI&amp;author=Rogal%2CS\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR86\">Khan MM. Economic burden of mental illnesses in Pakistan. J Ment Health Policy Econ. 2016;19(3):155\u201366.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=27572143\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 86\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 86\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Economic%20burden%20of%20mental%20illnesses%20in%20Pakistan&amp;journal=J%20Ment%20Health%20Policy%20Econ&amp;volume=19&amp;issue=3&amp;pages=155-66&amp;publication_year=2016&amp;author=Khan%2CMM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR87\">De Souza JA, Yap BJ, Wroblewski K, Blinder V, Ara\u00fajo FS, Hlubocky FJ, Nicholas LH, O\u2019Connor JM, Brockstein B, Ratain MJ. Measuring financial toxicity as a clinically relevant patient-reported outcome: the validation of the comprehensive score for financial toxicity (COST). Cancer. 2017;123(3):476\u201384.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=27716900\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 87\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 87\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Measuring%20financial%20toxicity%20as%20a%20clinically%20relevant%20patient-reported%20outcome%3A%20the%20validation%20of%20the%20comprehensive%20score%20for%20financial%20toxicity%20%28COST%29&amp;journal=Cancer&amp;volume=123&amp;issue=3&amp;pages=476-84&amp;publication_year=2017&amp;author=Souza%2CJA&amp;author=Yap%2CBJ&amp;author=Wroblewski%2CK&amp;author=Blinder%2CV&amp;author=Ara%C3%BAjo%2CFS&amp;author=Hlubocky%2CFJ&amp;author=Nicholas%2CLH&amp;author=O%E2%80%99Connor%2CJM&amp;author=Brockstein%2CB&amp;author=Ratain%2CMJ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR88\">Carver CS, Scheier MF, Weintraub JK. Assessing coping strategies: a theoretically based approach. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1989;56(2):267\u201383.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/bmcgastroenterol.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:STN:280:DyaL1M7nvVSntQ%3D%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 88\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=2926629\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 88\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 88\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Assessing%20coping%20strategies%3A%20a%20theoretically%20based%20approach&amp;journal=J%20Pers%20Soc%20Psychol&amp;volume=56&amp;issue=2&amp;pages=267-83&amp;publication_year=1989&amp;author=Carver%2CCS&amp;author=Scheier%2CMF&amp;author=Weintraub%2CJK\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR89\">Christensen KS, Fink P, Toft T, Frostholm L, \u00d8rnb\u00f8l E, Olesen F. A brief case-finding questionnaire for common mental disorders: the CMDQ. Fam Pract. 2005;22(4):448\u201357.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=15814580\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 89\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 89\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=A%20brief%20case-finding%20questionnaire%20for%20common%20mental%20disorders%3A%20the%20CMDQ&amp;journal=Fam%20Pract&amp;volume=22&amp;issue=4&amp;pages=448-57&amp;publication_year=2005&amp;author=Christensen%2CKS&amp;author=Fink%2CP&amp;author=Toft%2CT&amp;author=Frostholm%2CL&amp;author=%C3%98rnb%C3%B8l%2CE&amp;author=Olesen%2CF\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR90\">Shear KM, Jackson CT, Essock SM, Donahue SA, Felton C. Brief grief questionnaire. APA Psyc Tests. 2006. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/t62516-000\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1037\/t62516-000\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/t62516-000<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1037\/t62516-000\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1037\/t62516-000\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037%2Ft62516-000\" aria-label=\"Article reference 90\" data-doi=\"10.1037\/t62516-000\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 90\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Brief%20grief%20questionnaire&amp;journal=APA%20Psyc%20Tests&amp;doi=10.1037%2Ft62516-000&amp;publication_year=2006&amp;author=Shear%2CKM&amp;author=Jackson%2CCT&amp;author=Essock%2CSM&amp;author=Donahue%2CSA&amp;author=Felton%2CC\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR91\">Sohail MM, Mahmood QK, Sher F, Saud M, Mas\u2019udah S, Ida R. Coping through religiosity, spirituality and social support among Muslim chronic hepatitis patients. J Relig Health. 2020;59(6):3126\u201340.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=31529272\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 91\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 91\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Coping%20through%20religiosity%2C%20spirituality%20and%20social%20support%20among%20Muslim%20chronic%20hepatitis%20patients&amp;journal=J%20Relig%20Health&amp;volume=59&amp;issue=6&amp;pages=3126-40&amp;publication_year=2020&amp;author=Sohail%2CMM&amp;author=Mahmood%2CQK&amp;author=Sher%2CF&amp;author=Saud%2CM&amp;author=Mas%E2%80%99udah%2CS&amp;author=Ida%2CR\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR92\">Gutteling JJ, De Man RA, Busschbach JJ, Darlington A-SE. Quality of health care and patient satisfaction in liver disease: the development and preliminary results of the QUOTE-Liver questionnaire. BMC Gastroenterol. 2008;8:25.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=18570638\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 92\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2453127\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 92\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 92\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Quality%20of%20health%20care%20and%20patient%20satisfaction%20in%20liver%20disease%3A%20the%20development%20and%20preliminary%20results%20of%20the%20QUOTE-Liver%20questionnaire&amp;journal=BMC%20Gastroenterol&amp;volume=8&amp;publication_year=2008&amp;author=Gutteling%2CJJ&amp;author=Man%2CRA&amp;author=Busschbach%2CJJ&amp;author=Darlington%2CA-SE\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR93\">Haun J, Noland-Dodd V, Varnes J, Graham-Pole J, Rienzo B, Donaldson P. Testing the BRIEF health literacy screening tool. Fed Pract. 2009;26(12):24\u201331.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 93\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Testing%20the%20BRIEF%20health%20literacy%20screening%20tool&amp;journal=Fed%20Pract&amp;volume=26&amp;issue=12&amp;pages=24-31&amp;publication_year=2009&amp;author=Haun%2CJ&amp;author=Noland-Dodd%2CV&amp;author=Varnes%2CJ&amp;author=Graham-Pole%2CJ&amp;author=Rienzo%2CB&amp;author=Donaldson%2CP\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"World Health Assembly. Viral hepatitis: report by the Secretariat. World Health Organization. 2010. https:\/\/iris.who.int\/handle\/10665\/2383. 11 Aug 2024. Moon&hellip;\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":25576,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[22703,7308,163,22704,22707,22706,85,3861,46,338,22705],"class_list":["post-25575","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-health","tag-chronic-liver-disease","tag-gastroenterology","tag-health","tag-health-seeking","tag-hepatology","tag-holistic-care","tag-il","tag-internal-medicine","tag-israel","tag-pakistan","tag-social-determinants"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/il\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25575","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/il\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/il\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/il\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/il\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=25575"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/il\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25575\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/il\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/25576"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/il\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=25575"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/il\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=25575"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/il\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=25575"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}