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A screen shows (L-R) Joel Mokyr, an immigrant to the U.S. born in the Netherlands, Philippe Aghion, born in France, and Peter Howitt, an immigrant to U.S. from Canada, during the announcement of the winner of the 2025 Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences at the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in Stockholm, Sweden, on October 13, 2025. In a remarkable achievement, five immigrants to America have been awarded the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences in 2024 and 2025; four of the five were former international students. (Photo by JONATHAN NACKSTRAND\/AFP via Getty Images)<\/p>\n
AFP via Getty Images<\/p>\n
In a remarkable achievement, five immigrants to America have been awarded the Nobel Prize in economics in 2024 and 2025; four of the five were former international students. In 2025, three of the six U.S. winners<\/a> in the Nobel Prize science categories immigrated to the United States. The awards highlight the continued contributions made by immigrants, even as the Trump administration has enacted or proposed new immigration restrictions<\/a> on H-1B visa holders, employment-based immigrants, international students<\/a> and others.<\/p>\n The 2025 Immigrant Nobel Prize Winners In Economics<\/p>\n Joel Mokyr, an immigrant to America born in the Netherlands, was awarded half of the 2025 Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences \u201cfor having identified the prerequisites for sustained growth through technological progress.\u201d The other half of the award was given \u201cfor the theory of sustained growth through creative destruction\u201d to Peter Howitt, an immigrant to the United States from Canada and a professor at Brown University, and Philippe Aghion, born in France, who is affiliated with the Coll\u00e8ge de France and INSEAD, Paris, France and the London School of Economics and Political Science in the United Kingdom. <\/p>\n Immigrants have been awarded 33% of the Nobel Prizes won by Americans in economics, including 31% since 2000, according to a National Foundation for American Policy analysis. Aghion, like Mokyr and Howitt, was also an international student in the United States, earning a Ph.D. at Harvard University. He is not listed as an immigrant in the NFAP research for purposes of identifying U.S. Nobel Prize winners. However, it is likely that he received a green card since his CV lists Aghion as a professor at Harvard from 2000 to 2015, and he was also a professor at MIT. At a minimum, Philippe Aghion contributed to American economic research and teaching for approximately two decades.<\/p>\n Since the beginning of the 20th century and over the past 25 years, immigrants have excelled in scientific fields. \u201cImmigrants have been awarded 40% of the Nobel Prizes won by Americans in chemistry, medicine and physics since 2000,\u201d according to an NFAP analysis<\/a>. Between 1901 and 2025, immigrants have been awarded 36% of the Nobel Prizes won by Americans in chemistry, medicine and physics, according to NFAP\u2019s research.<\/p>\n In 2024, three immigrants to America won the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences. \u201cThis year\u2019s laureates in the economic sciences\u2014Daron Acemoglu, Simon Johnson and James Robinson\u2014have demonstrated the importance of societal institutions for a country\u2019s prosperity,\u201d according to the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. Acemoglu immigrated from Turkey, and Johnson and Robinson immigrated from the United Kingdom. Johnson and Robinson were international students in the United States.<\/p>\n Nobel Prize in Economics Laureate Daron Acemolu during a press conference and interview on December 7, 2024 in Stockholm Sweden. (Photo by Nils Petter Nilsson\/Getty Images)<\/p>\n Getty ImagesJoel Mokyr\u2019s Immigrant Story And Optimistic Economic Outlook <\/p>\n Joel Mokyr was born in the Netherlands. \u201cThe darkness of Mr. Mokyr\u2019s family history contrasts with his optimism for the future,\u201d reported the Wall Street Journal in a 2024 article<\/a> about economic debates. \u201cHis parents were Dutch Jews who survived the Holocaust. His father, a civil servant, died of cancer when Mr. Mokyr was a year old. He was raised by his mother in a small apartment in the port city of Haifa in Israel.\u201d Mokyr said, \u201cMy mother was not an optimist. She had lived a very tough life.\u201d<\/p>\n Mokyr received a B.A. in economics and history from Hebrew University of Jerusalem before coming to the United States as an international student. He was an instructor at Yale for a year before becoming an economics professor at Northwestern University, where he continues to teach and conduct research.<\/p>\n