The U.S. Space Force has approved up to $60 million in funding to develop an orbital carrier — a spacecraft designed to act as a mobile launchpad in space, capable of deploying satellites or defensive assets without relying on Earth-based infrastructure. The project is led by Gravitics, a Seattle-based aerospace firm, and represents a significant leap toward permanent, tactically responsive platforms in orbit.
The orbital carrier concept is being developed under the Space Force’s SpaceWERX division through a Strategic Funding Increase (STRATFI) program. Gravitics, in its public statement, called the platform “a pre-positioned launch pad in space” and said it would give U.S. space operators the ability to “rapidly select a deployment orbit on demand.”
Designed for high-agility deployment, the carrier would enable the rapid launch of payloads in orbit in response to real-time threats — bypassing the weeks or months typically required for ground-based launch systems. The capability comes amid a growing focus on anti-satellite weapons, as both China and Russia accelerate the testing of orbital disruption technologies.
Orbital Launch Without Rockets
According to Gravitics’ official press release, the company will demonstrate the system through a combination of government funding, Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) grants, and private capital. The orbital carrier would carry multiple maneuverable spacecraft capable of performing tasks such as replacing damaged satellites, conducting surveillance, or blocking hostile lines-of-sight.
A rendering of Gravitics’ planned “Orbital Carrier” spacecraft above Earth. Credit: Gravitics
Gravitics CEO Colin Doughan described the carrier as a “critical initiative” for Space Force operations, noting that it “bypasses traditional launch constraints” and adds “unprecedented flexibility” to U.S. space missions.
The U.S. has already seen success with rapid-response launch operations. In late 2023, the Space Force’s Victox Nox mission used Firefly Aerospace to launch a payload within 27 hours of receiving the order — a record-setting feat for responsive launch. With the orbital carrier, that speed could be eclipsed by removing the launchpad from Earth altogether.
defending satellites in real time
Space Force officials have repeatedly warned that adversaries are developing non-kinetic space warfare tools like laser dazzling, cyberattacks, and radiofrequency jamming. According to a 2022 report from the National Air and Space Intelligence Center (NASIC), China’s and Russia’s space programs are investing in “space-based weapons and jamming technologies” that could neutralize U.S. satellites during conflict.
A graphic from the U.S. National Air and Space Intelligence Center outlining the many ways satellites can attack one another. Credit: NASIC
The orbital carrier, according to Space.com’s coverage, is intended to counter such tactics. If a reconnaissance satellite is disabled or targeted by hostile action, a backup payload stored on the carrier could be launched within minutes, restoring mission functionality. The system could also deploy shielding assets to block line-of-sight interference or reconstitute capabilities damaged in orbit.
This aligns with Space Force doctrine on space resilience, a strategic shift toward redundancy, repositioning, and in-theater capability — without the delays of planetary logistics.
Big Capabilities, Bigger Risks
While the concept promises flexibility, it carries significant risk. As USAMM’s deep-dive analysis points out, the platform itself would be a singular, high-value target. Its destruction or disablement could represent a catastrophic loss in both technological and symbolic terms.
Moreover, construction in orbit presents daunting challenges. The orbital carrier would need to be assembled in space, as current rockets are incapable of lifting a structure of this mass in a single launch. That means modular assembly via autonomous robotics, a field still in early development. According to USAMM, the number of launches required could rival those of the International Space Station, which took over 30 missions and cost approximately $150 billion to build and operate.
Propulsion adds another layer of complexity. Conventional chemical thrusters are inefficient for a structure of this size. Gravitics and other aerospace planners have floated options like nuclear thermal propulsion (NTP) and ion engines, which could allow sustained orbital maneuvering, but neither system is currently spaceflight-ready on the required scale.
And there’s the broader strategic concern: centralization. Military doctrine has increasingly moved toward distributed architectures — small, modular systems that offer redundancy and are harder to disable. As noted in USAMM’s report, the orbital carrier risks becoming the equivalent of a floating Battlestar Galactica — powerful, but vulnerable.
A Fork in the Future of Space Warfare
The orbital carrier marks a turning point in how the U.S. envisions defending its interests beyond Earth. If proven viable, it could accelerate a new doctrine of space permanence: forward-positioned platforms that project power, reinforce resilience, and operate independent of Earth’s launch windows.
But the project also raises urgent questions. Will a pre-positioned launchpad in space lead to greater stability — or provoke faster escalation? Can such a system be adequately protected against cyber, kinetic, and electronic threats? And is the investment in a centralized mega-platform strategically sound, given the rise of low-cost satellite swarms?
With adversaries advancing their own orbital technologies and debris already threatening the viability of near-Earth space, the future of such mega-platforms may hinge less on engineering than on timing, diplomacy, and geopolitical risk.