Iran and the US had entered the talks mediated by Pakistan with maximalist positions, with Washington also piling pressure by saying it had sent minesweeping ships through the vital Strait of Hormuz.
Signs of strain in the negotiations appeared when Iranian media accused the United States of making “excessive demands” on the Strait of Hormuz, through which one-fifth of the world’s oil transits.
Separately, US President Donald Trump also contended several hours into the talks that he did not care about the outcome.
Instead, Trump insisted the United States had already triumphed on the battlefield by killing Iranian leaders and destroying key military infrastructure.
“Whether we make a deal or not makes no difference to me. The reason is because we’ve won,” Trump said.
Finally, after 21 hours of talks in the Pakistani capital, Vance told reporters that no deal could be found yet.
“We leave here with a very simple proposal, a method of understanding that is our final and best offer. We’ll see if the Iranians accept it,” Vance he said.
Leverage
Iran had sought the presence of Vance due to his top position and his reported initial opposition to the war.
Iran was in the middle of negotiations on its nuclear programme in February with Trump’s real-estate friend Steve Witkoff and son-in-law Jared Kushner when the United States and Israel to launch their attack.
The first salvos of the war killed Iran’s long-ruling Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei.
Both Kushner and Witkoff were part of Vance’s team in Pakistan. The 70-strong Iranian delegation was led by Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf, the powerful Speaker of Parliament, and included Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi.
Iran quickly exercised leverage after being attacked by exerting control over the Strait of Hormuz, sending global oil prices soaring and piling political pressure on Trump as Americans complained of rising costs at the pump.
The US military said today that two Navy warships transited through the strait to begin clearing it of mines and ensure it is a “safe pathway” for tankers.
The Iranian military denied that any American warships had entered the waterway and threatened to respond if they do so.
“Any attempt by military vessels to pass through the Strait of Hormuz will be dealt with severely,” the Revolutionary Guards’ Naval Command said in a statement, according to state broadcaster the Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting (IRIB).
It said that Iranian promises of safe passage during a two-week ceasefire applied only to “civilian vessels under specific conditions”.
The United States is heavily impacted by soaring oil prices on global markets but imports less directly from the Gulf than many of its European allies – which Trump has berated for not joining a war that they were not consulted about beforehand.
“We’ll open up the strait even though we don’t use it, because we have a lot of other countries in the world that do use it that are either afraid or weak or cheap,” Trump said.
Iranian demands for any agreement to end the war include unfreezing sanctioned Iranian assets and ending Israel’s war against Hezbollah in Lebanon, which Vance has said will not be up for discussion in Islamabad.
Mutual suspicion
Ghalibaf, speaking shortly after landing in Pakistan, made it clear that Iran remained highly suspicious of the United States.
“Our experience in negotiating with the Americans has always been met with failure and broken promises,” Ghalibaf said.
Vance said before leaving the United States that if Iran was “willing to negotiate in good faith, we’re certainly willing to extend the open hand”.
But he said the United States would not be receptive “if they’re going to try to play us”.
Experts said Iran’s delegation showed it was serious about leaving Pakistan with a deal.
“The size, seniority and breadth of the Iranian delegation … signal both Tehran’s sincerity in these negotiations and its expectations and confidence”, Trita Parsi, executive vice-president of the Quincy Institute for Responsible Statecraft and author of a book on US-Iran diplomacy, said.
Israel has insisted that the ceasefire does not affect its invasion of Lebanon, where Israel has carried out massive strikes and sent troops in response to fire from Hezbollah, the Iranian-backed Shia Muslim movement.
Lebanese authorities said Israeli strikes on the country’s south on Saturday (local time) killed 18 people, bringing the total death toll from Israel’s operations since the war broke out past 2000.
Israel and Lebanon will hold their own talks next week in Washington. Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu in a televised statement said he wanted a peace deal with Lebanon that “will last for generations”.
But Israel has ruled out a ceasefire with Hezbollah, signalling it will instead seek to pressure the historically weak central Government in Beirut.
Netanyahu said the joint US-Israeli campaign had already succeeded in “crushing” Iran’s nuclear and ballistic missile programmes.
Iran has repeatedly denied seeking an atomic bomb and the UN nuclear watchdog reported no imminent threat of Tehran going nuclear.
In Tehran, a 30-year-old resident told AFP ahead of talks that he was sceptical negotiations would be successful, describing most of what Trump says as “pure noise and nonsense”.
– Agence France-Presse