“So we need to begin doing a wider spectrum of surveillance, and we need to begin developing evidence-based recommendations to reduce those infections, and that evidence needs to be incorporated into guidelines,” Weber said.
He also described research on surgical site infection that raises a difficult question: When infection rates remain unchanged, are teams struggling to implement existing interventions, or are additional interventions needed? The distinction matters. Improving adherence and developing new preventive approaches require different responses, and research must help determine where the gaps lie.
Recognizing Transmission Earlier
Weber highlighted real-time whole-genome sequencing as an opportunity to investigate potential transmission before an unusual increase in case counts prompts concern. He used the example of 2 patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a neonatal intensive care unit. Sequencing could help determine whether their infections are genetically related, informing the direction of an investigation.
The practical value is earlier action. Instead of waiting for additional cases, teams may gather information to support a closer examination of possible transmission routes. Weber described research suggesting that this approach can also be cost-effective.
Giving IPs Time to Act
Artificial intelligence was another focus, particularly its potential to assist with surveillance while retaining human review. Weber discussed research evaluating AI-supported identification of central line-associated bloodstream infections, with an IP validating the findings.
For him, the benefit extends beyond processing records. Time saved could allow IPs to spend more time on units, identifying care practices that require attention and helping colleagues implement evidence-based recommendations.
“So I think this will be the first widespread use in infection prevention,” Weber said. “It will be used to improve surveillance and save time for infection preventionists.”
Making Evidence Useful
Weber also emphasized the need to reconsider practices that may no longer be necessary. His discussion of research on unnecessary glove use illustrated how reviewing established habits can support appropriate protection while reducing waste.
The broader lesson was that evidence should guide both adoption and removal of practices. New research becomes useful when teams translate it into workable guidance and follow through.
“You develop your question. You comprehensively look at the literature. Ideally, you put it in a form that’s easily seen and understand. Then you develop a policy, procedure, or guideline based on the scientific evidence, and then you implement it.”