Stener-Victorin E, et al. Polycystic ovary syndrome. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2024;10(1):27.

Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Dubey P, Reddy S, Sharma K, Johnson S, Hardy G, Dwivedi AK. Polycystic ovary syndrome, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular disease. Curr Cardiol Rep. 2024;26(6):483–95.

Zhu T, Goodarzi MO. Causes and consequences of polycystic ovary syndrome: insights from Mendelian randomization. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2022;107(3):e899–911.

Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Dumesic DA, Lobo RA. Cancer risk and PCOS. Steroids. 2013;78(8):782–5.

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Barry J, Qu F, Hardiman PJ. An exploration of the hypothesis that testosterone is implicated in the psychological functioning of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Med Hypotheses. 2018;110:42–5.

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Dube R, et al. The prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus in polycystic ovary disease—a systematic review, meta-analysis, and exploration of associated risk factors. Diabetology. 2024;5(4):430–46.

Article 

Google Scholar
 

MotlaghAsghari K, et al. Burden of polycystic ovary syndrome in the Middle East and North Africa region, 1990–2019. Sci Rep. 2022;12(1):7039.

Article 
CAS 

Google Scholar
 

Zhao H, et al. Insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome across various tissues: an updated review of pathogenesis, evaluation, and treatment. J Ovarian Res. 2023;16(1):9.

Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar
 

Gautam R, et al. The role of lifestyle interventions in PCOS management: a systematic review. Nutrients. 2025;17(2):310.

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar
 

Sengupta P, et al. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and oxidative stress. J Integr Sci Technol. 2024;12(3):752–752.

Article 

Google Scholar
 

Siemers KM, Klein AK, Baack ML. Mitochondrial dysfunction in PCOS: insights into reproductive organ pathophysiology. Int J Mol Sci. 2023;24(17):13123.

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar
 

Manzoor MF, et al. An insight into bisphenol A, food exposure and its adverse effects on health: a review. Front Nutr. 2022;9:1047827.

Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar
 

Urbanetz LAML, Soares‐Junior JM, dos Santos Simões R, Maciel GAR, Baracat MCP, Baracat EC. Bisphenol A and polycystic ovary syndrome in human: A systematic review. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2024;166(1):190-203.

Jin Y, et al. The effects of di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate exposure in women with polycystic ovary syndrome undergoing in vitro fertilization. J Int Med Res. 2019;47(12):6278–93.

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar
 

Génard-Walton M. The environment and female fertility: a study of the role of endocrine disruptors on the ovarian reserve. Université de Rennes: Doctoral dissertation; 2023.

Twarda-Clapa A, et al. Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs): formation, chemistry, classification, receptors, and diseases related to AGEs. Cells. 2022;11(8):1312.

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar
 

Tatone C, et al. AGEs-related dysfunctions in PCOS: evidence from animal and clinical research. J Endocrinol. 2021;251(2):R1–9.

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Tiwari A, Verma A, Mishra S, Mishra B. LIFESTYLE CHANGES AND NUTRITION IN POLYCYSTIC OVARIAN DISORDER: A HOLISTIC. 2024;7(2):1–10.

Manzoor MF, et al. Nutraceutical tablets: manufacturing processes, quality assurance, and effects on human health. Food Res Int. 2024;197:115197.

Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Bhattacharya K, et al. Polycystic ovary syndrome and its management: in view of oxidative stress. Biomol Concepts. 2024;15(1):20220038.

Article 
CAS 

Google Scholar
 

Christ JP, Cedars MI. Current guidelines for diagnosing PCOS. Diagnostics (Basel). 2023;13(6):1113.

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Xu Y, Qiao J. Association of insulin resistance and elevated androgen levels with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS): a review of literature. J Healthc Eng. 2022;2022(1):9240569.

PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar
 

Arora S, Vedpal, Chauhan N. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) diagnostic methods in machine learning: a systematic literature review. Multimedia Tools and Applications. 2024:1–37.

Mohan A, et al. Vitamin D and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): a review. Ann Med Surg. 2023;85(7):3506–11.

Article 

Google Scholar
 

Siddiqui S, et al. A brief insight into the etiology, genetics, and immunology of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). J Assist Reprod Genet. 2022;39(11):2439–73.

Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar
 

Slouha E, et al. Gestational diabetes mellitus in the setting of polycystic ovarian syndrome: a systematic review. Cureus. 2023;15(12):e50725.

PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar
 

Nayeem J, et al. Insulin resistance and insulin secretory defect among Bangalee PCOS women: a case-control study. BMC Endocr Disord. 2024;24(1):207.

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar
 

Khan IM, et al. The microbiota: a key regulator of health, productivity, and reproductive success in mammals. Front Microbiol. 2024;15:1480811.

Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar
 

Zhang J, et al. Global burden and epidemiological prediction of polycystic ovary syndrome from 1990 to 2019: a systematic analysis from the global burden of disease study 2019. PLoS ONE. 2024;19(7):e0306991.

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar
 

Khan AYR, et al. Prevalence of anxiety and depression among women with polycystic ovarian syndrome: a cross-sectional study from a tertiary care hospital of Islamabad, Pakistan. Cureus. 2024;16(1):e52540.


Google Scholar
 

Kukaev E, et al. Impact of gut microbiota and SCFAs in the pathogenesis of PCOS and the effect of metformin therapy. Int J Mol Sci. 2024;25(19):10636.

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar
 

Yang J, Chen C. Hormonal changes in PCOS. J Endocrinol. 2024;261(1):e230342.

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Akhtar Y, et al. A systematic review on the role of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) in the development of PCOS. J Liaquat Univ Med Health Sci. 2024;23(04):279–86.

Article 

Google Scholar
 

Abraham Gnanadass S, et al. Association of metabolic and inflammatory markers with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS): an update. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2021;303:631–43.

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Javed M, et al. Bisphenol A-induced polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) with hormonal and metabolic implications in rats. Reprod Toxicol. 2025;131:108750.

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Akgül S, Sur Ü, Düzçeker Y, Balcı A, Kızılkan MP, Kanbur N, Derman O. Bisphenol A and phthalate levels in adolescents with polycystic ovary syndrome. Gynecological Endocrinology. 2019;35(12):1084–87.

Akın L, et al. Endocrine disruptors and polycystic ovary syndrome: phthalates. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol. 2020;12(4):393.

Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar
 

Wang D, et al. Androgens exacerbate hepatic triglyceride accumulation in rats with polycystic ovary syndrome by downregulating MTTP expression. Endocrine. 2024;84(2):735–44.

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Butler AE, et al. A cross-sectional study of glomerular hyperfiltration in polycystic ovary syndrome. Int J Mol Sci. 2024;25(9):4899.

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar
 

Aklilu AM. Diagnosis of chronic kidney disease and assessing glomerular filtration rate. Med Clin North Am. 2023;107(4):641–58.

Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Du Y, et al. Causal relationship between polycystic ovary syndrome and chronic kidney disease: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023;14:1120119.

Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Volodymyr S, et al. Psychosocial aspects of polycystic ovary syndrome. In: The 33th International scientific and practical conference “modern scientific technologies and solutions of scientists to create the latest ideas” (August 22–25, 2023). London, Great Britain: International Science Group; 2023. p. 305.

Chaudhuri A. Polycystic ovary syndrome: causes, symptoms, pathophysiology, and remedies. Obes Med. 2023;39:100480.

Article 

Google Scholar
 

Mahmood AR, et al. Reproductive dysfunction in women with PCOS: a review article. Ibn AL-Haitham J Pure Appl Sci. 2024;37(2):231–41.

Article 

Google Scholar
 

Bai H, et al. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): symptoms, causes, and treatment. Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol. 2024;51(5):126.

Article 

Google Scholar
 

Kim JJ, et al. Adolescents diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome under the Rotterdam criteria but not meeting the diagnosis under the updated guideline. Hum Reprod. 2024;39(5):1072–7.

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Elsayed AM, et al. Clinical phenotypes of PCOS: a cross-sectional study. Reprod Sci. 2023;30(11):3261–72.

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Dai S, et al. Effects of IGF-1 on the three-dimensional culture of ovarian preantral follicles and superovulation rates in mice. Biology. 2022;11(6):833.

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar
 

Myers SH, et al. Questioning PCOS phenotypes for reclassification and tailored therapy. Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2023;34(11):694–703.

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Myers SH, Forte G, Unfer V. Has the name PCOS run its course? Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2024;310(3):1761–2.

Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Khamaiseh K, et al. Impact of polycystic ovary syndrome hyperandrogenic phenotypes a and non-hyperandrogenic d on pregnancy outcomes after in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Int J Womens Health. 2025;17:561–9.

Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar
 

Facchinetti F, Gambineri A, Aimaretti G, Ferlin A, Laganà AS, Moghetti P, Colao A. Delphi consensus on the diagnostic criteria of polycystic ovary syndrome. J Endocrinol Invest. 2025;48(6):1293–1302.

Salari N, et al. Global prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome in women worldwide: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2024;310(3):1303–14.

Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Nautiyal H, et al. Polycystic ovarian syndrome: a complex disease with a genetics approach. Biomedicines. 2022;10(3):540.

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar
 

Sikarwar NS, Kazim F. Assessing the prevalence and implications of PCOS in women: a comprehensive study. Eur J Cardiovasc Med. 2024;14:487–93.


Google Scholar
 

Rizwan M, et al. Trace out the improvement level and awareness of polycyctic ovary syndrome (Pcos) among general people and educational institute of developed and developing countries. J Bioresour Manag. 2024;11(3):5.


Google Scholar
 

Carlomagno G, Unfer V, Roseff S. The D-chiro-inositol paradox in the ovary. Fertil Steril. 2011;95(8):2515–6.

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Unluhizarci K, Karaca Z, Kelestimur F. Role of insulin and insulin resistance in androgen excess disorders. World J Diabetes. 2021;12(5):616.

Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar
 

Jurczewska J, et al. Physical activity, rather than diet, is linked to lower insulin resistance in PCOS women—a case-control study. Nutrients. 2023;15(9):2111.

Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar
 

Amisi CA. Markers of insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome women: an update. World J Diabetes. 2022;13(3):129.

Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar
 

Genazzani AD, Genazzani AR. Polycystic ovary syndrome as metabolic disease: new insights on insulin resistance. touchREV Endocrinol. 2023;19(1):71.

Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar
 

Khomami MB, Teede HJ. Addressing polycystic ovary syndrome in pregnancy care to improve outcomes. JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2430549–e2430549.

Article 

Google Scholar
 

Feng Y, Li M, Li X, Tang Q, Li X, Ji X, Zhang H. Characteristics of different obesity metabolic indexes and their correlation with insulin resistance in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. Reprod Sci. 2024;31(9):2829–35.

Kolnikaj TS, et al. The current and emerging role of statins in the treatment of PCOS: the evidence to date. Medicina. 2024;60(2):244.

Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar
 

Zafar S, et al. Prevalence of dyslipidemia among patients of polycystic ovarian syndrome: a cross sectional analytical study. Pak J Physiol. 2024;20(1):19–21.


Google Scholar
 

Azhar A, Alam SM, Rehman R. Vitamin D and Lipid Profiles in Infertile PCOS and Non-PCOS Females. Age. 2024;35(12):6–75.

Cakir I, Simsek Y. Total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratio and monocyte/HDL cholesterol ratio are related with subclinical hypothyroidism in polycystic ovary syndrome. Turk J Biochem. 2022;47(1):65–9.

Article 
CAS 

Google Scholar
 

Gülücü S, Can IS. Total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein and inflammatory parameters in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. Rev Assoc Med Bras. 2022;68:1499–503.

Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar
 

Kabiri SS, Javanbakht Z, Zangeneh M, Moludi J, Saber A, Salimi Y, Jamalpour M. The effects of MIND diet on depression, anxiety, quality of life and metabolic and hormonal status in obese or overweight women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized clinical trial. British Journal of Nutrition. 2024;1–14.

Dutkiewicz E, Rachoń D, Dziedziak M, Kowalewska A, Moryś J. Depression, higher level of tension induction, and impaired coping strategies in response to stress in women with PCOS correlate with clinical and laboratory indices of hyperandrogenism and not with central obesity and insulin resistance. Arch Womens Ment Health. 2024;1–10.

Ishfaq W, Mushtaq R. Mental health and resilience among Pakistani women suffering from polycystic ovary syndrome. Pak J Physiol. 2024;20(1):45–7.


Google Scholar
 

Kanwal S, Fatima SS, Abid F, Raffique S, Saba N. Comparasion of Body Image Perception and Depression in Poly Cystic Ovarian Syndrome (pcos) and Non-Pcos Women Background. ESS Open Archive eprints. 2024;535:53539485.

Huang L, et al. Clinical value and mechanism exploration of serum miR-379 in obesity-polycystic ovary syndrome. Int J Womens Health. 2024;16:1149–57.

Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar
 

Etrusco A, et al. Incretin hormone secretion in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: roles of obesity, insulin sensitivity and treatment with metformin and GLP-1s. Biomedicines. 2024;12(3):653.

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar
 

Ismail S, Majdell C, Badgheish A, Baghlaf H, Dahan MH. Pregnancy, delivery, and neonatal outcomes among women with PCOS and endometriosis: a population database cohort. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2024;310(2):1235–43.

Moghetti P, Tosi F. Insulin resistance and PCOS: chicken or egg? J Endocrinol Invest. 2021;44(2):233–44.

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Guo X, et al. The impact of hyperandrogenemia on pregnancy complications and outcomes in patients with PCOS: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hypertens Pregnancy. 2024;43(1):2379389.

Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Aggarwal S, Pandey K. Early identification of PCOS with commonly known diseases: obesity, diabetes, high blood pressure and heart disease using machine learning techniques. Expert Syst Appl. 2023;217:119532.

Article 

Google Scholar
 

Alvarez YR, et al. Polycystic ovarian syndrome: a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2023;25(12):1003–11.

Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Wan Z, Zhao J, Ye Y, Sun Z, Li K, Chen Y, Liu Y. Risk and incidence of cardiovascular disease associated with polycystic ovary syndrome. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2024; 31(13):1560–1570.

Benham J, et al. Polycystic ovary syndrome: associations with cardiovascular disease. Climacteric. 2024;27(1):47–52.

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Lo AC, Lo CCW, Oliver-Williams C. Cardiovascular disease risk in women with hyperandrogenism, oligomenorrhea/menstrual irregularity or polycystic ovaries (components of polycystic ovary syndrome): a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Heart J Open. 2023;3(4):oead061.

Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar
 

Profili NI, et al. Possible effect of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) on cardiovascular disease (CVD): an update. J Clin Med. 2024;13(3):698.

Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar
 

Kovell LC, et al. Hypertension in young women: implications of the polycystic ovary syndrome and opportunities for prevention and further research. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2021;106(9):e3775–7.

Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar
 

Liaghatdar A, Mazaheri-Tehrani S, Fakhrolmobasheri M. Management of hypertension in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome: a mini-review. Cardiology in Review. 2024;10-1097. https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000000635.

Mirza FG, et al. Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS): does the challenge end at conception? Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(22):14914.

Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar
 

Ye W, et al. The role of androgen and its related signals in PCOS. J Cell Mol Med. 2021;25(4):1825–37.

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Zhang S, Darbinian JA, Greenspan LC, Naderi S, Ramalingam ND, Lo JC. Hypertensive blood pressure in adolescent females with polycystic ovary syndrome. Am J Prev Med. 2025;68(2):408–411.

Ghosh T, et al. Pathophysiology of polycystic ovarian syndrome: a study among the Hindu and Muslim women of Kolkata, West Bengal, India. Antrocom Online J Anthropol. 2024;20(1):329.


Google Scholar
 

Forslund M, et al. International evidence-based guideline on assessment and management of PCOS—a nordic perspective. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2024;103(1):7–12.

Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Gofton C, et al. MAFLD: how is it different from NAFLD? Clin Mol Hepatol. 2022;29(Suppl):S17.

Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar
 

Fernández-Alonso AM, Chedraui P, Pérez-López FR. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease risk in polycystic ovary syndrome patients. Gynecological Endocrinology. Taylor & Francis. 2024;40(1):2359031. 

Hocher A, Warnecke T. Nucleosomes at the Dawn of Eukaryotes. Genome Biol Evol. 2024;16(3):evae029.

Kara O, et al. Relationship between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and hyperandrogenemia in adolescents with polycystic ovary syndrome. Clin Exp Pediatr. 2023;66(9):395.

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar
 

Genazzani AD, et al. Alpha lipoic acid administration improved both peripheral sensitivity to insulin and liver clearance of insulin reducing potential risk of diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in overweight/obese PCOS patients. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2024;40(1):2341701.

Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Wang S, et al. Exposure to environmental doses of DEHP causes phenotypes of polycystic ovary syndrome. Toxicology. 2024;509:153952.

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Okoshi C, Kyozuka H, Fukuda T, Yasuda S, Murata T, Isogami H, Takahashi T. Risk of Gestational Diabetes in Women With PCOS Based on Body Mass Index: The Japan Environment and Children’s Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2025;110(4):e1167–e1172.

Hanna F, et al. Diabetes detection in women with gestational diabetes and polycystic ovarian syndrome. BMJ. 2023;382:e071675.

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Ng NY, et al. Young-onset diabetes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a territory-wide retrospective analysis in Hong Kong. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2023;199:110640.

Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Greenwell S, et al. Protocol for a randomized comparative effectiveness trial comparing a very low-carbohydrate diet to DASH diet for polycystic ovary syndrome: the SUPER (Supporting Understanding of PCOS Education and Research) trial. Trials. 2024;25(1):750.

Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar
 

Shahmoradi L, et al. Nutritional management recommendation systems in polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review. BMC Womens Health. 2024;24(1):234.

Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar
 

Wang F, et al. Effects of high-protein diets on the cardiometabolic factors and reproductive hormones of women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Diabetes. 2024;14(1):6.

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar
 

Pandey M, Niroula K. Optimizing Nutrition for PCOS Management: A Comprehensive Guide. IntechOpen. 2024. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.114149.

Zerrouki D, et al. Is there any association between vitamin D status and PCOS disease? Gynecol Endocrinol. 2024;40(1):2381501.

Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Sparic R, et al. PCOS and vitamin D: a clinical appraisal. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2024;309(3):907–15.

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Saleh R, et al. Antioxidant therapy for infertile couples: a comprehensive review of the current status and consideration of future prospects. Front Endocrinol. 2025;15:1503905.

Article 

Google Scholar
 

Shao F, et al. Causal relationship between fertility nutrients supplementation and PCOS risk: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Endocrinol. 2024;15:1420004.

Article 

Google Scholar
 

Sziva RE, et al. Increased oxidative and nitrative stress and decreased sex steroid relaxation in a vitamin D-deficient hyperandrogenic rodent model—and a validation of the polycystic ovary syndrome model. Nutrients. 2025;17(2):201.

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar
 

Abbasi AM, Guo X, Chen Y. Functional properties of foods and beverages. Foods. 2024;13(17):2763.

Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar
 

Johnson C, et al. The role of diet, glycaemic index and glucose control in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) management and mechanisms of progression. Curr Nutr Rep. 2025;14(1):1–10.

Article 
CAS 

Google Scholar
 

Shrivastava VK. Turmeric extract alleviates endocrine-metabolic disturbances in letrozole-induced PCOS by increasing adiponectin circulation: a comparison with Metformin. Metabol Open. 2022;13:100160.

Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Yahay M, et al. The effects of canola and olive oils consumption compared to sunflower oil, on lipid profile and hepatic steatosis in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome: a randomized controlled trial. Lipids Health Dis. 2021;20:1–12.

Article 

Google Scholar
 

Rabah HM, et al. Novel insights into the synergistic effects of selenium nanoparticles and metformin treatment of letrozole-induced polycystic ovarian syndrome: targeting PI3K/Akt signalling pathway, redox status and mitochondrial dysfunction in ovarian tissue. Redox Rep. 2023;28(1):2160569.

Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar
 

Esmaeilinezhad Z, et al. The effect of synbiotics pomegranate juice on cardiovascular risk factors in PCOS patients: a randomized, triple-blinded, controlled trial. J Endocrinol Invest. 2020;43(4):539–48.

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Ghasemi M, et al. Effect of fennel essential oil and flaxseed oil on blood parameters, insulin resistance, and histological structure of ovaries in rats suffered polycystic ovary syndrome. Comp Clin Pathol. 2021;30:445–52.

Article 
CAS 

Google Scholar
 

Soltani M, et al. The effects of clove oil on the biochemical and histological parameters, and autophagy markers in polycystic ovary syndrome-model rats. Int J Fertil Steril. 2023;17(3):187.

CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar
 

Khosrowpour Z, et al. Evaluation of formulated herbal syrup (containing fennel, anise, and celery) on the letrozole-induced polycystic ovary syndrome model. Jundishapur J Natl Pharm Prod. 2022;17(2):e120814.

Article 
CAS 

Google Scholar
 

Bonab SB. The effect of 12-week pilates training and ginger supplementation on polycystic ovary syndrome in women. Stud Med Sci. 2020;31(2).

Abedini M, et al. The effect of concentrated pomegranate juice consumption on risk factors of cardiovascular diseases in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized controlled trial. Phytother Res. 2021;35(1):146–57.

Article 

Google Scholar
 

Zeng H, et al. Metformin combined with spironolactone vs. metformin alone in polycystic ovary syndrome: a meta-analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023;14:1223768.

Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Works HP, NY N, Rupa O, Patient FAQ. Integrative Approaches to PCOS: The Role of Inositol Supplements. Nutrition. 2024. https://www.rupahealth.com/post/integrative-approaches-to-pcos-the-role-of-inositolsupplements#:~:text=Inositol%20supplements%20hold%20significant%20promise,encompassing%20supportive%20agent%20for%20PCOS.

Laganà AS, et al. Inositol in polycystic ovary syndrome: restoring fertility through a pathophysiology-based approach. Trends Endocrinol Metabol. 2018;29(11):768–80.

Article 

Google Scholar
 

Bevilacqua A, et al. High doses of D-chiro-inositol alone induce a PCO-like syndrome and other alterations in mouse ovaries. Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22(11):5691.

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar
 

Hernandez Marin I, et al. A multicenter clinical study with myo-inositol and alpha-lactalbumin in Mexican and Italian PCOS patients. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2021;25(8):3316.

CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Pustotina O, et al. The effects of myo-inositol and D-Chiro-inositol in a ratio 40: 1 on hormonal and metabolic profile in women with polycystic ovary syndrome classified as phenotype a by the Rotterdam criteria and EMS-Type 1 by the EGOI criteria. Gynecol Obstet Invest. 2024;89(2):131–9.

Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Merviel P, et al. Impact of myo-inositol treatment in women with polycystic ovary syndrome in assisted reproductive technologies. Reprod Health. 2021;18:1–8.

Article 

Google Scholar
 

Nordio M, et al. Long-lasting therapies with high doses of D-chiro-inositol: the downside. J Clin Med. 2023;12(1):390.

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar
 

Sadeghi HM, et al. Polycystic ovary syndrome: a comprehensive review of pathogenesis, management, and drug repurposing. Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23(2):583.

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar
 

Iervolino M, et al. Natural molecules in the management of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): an analytical review. Nutrients. 2021;13(5):1677.

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar
 

Chen LL, Zheng JH. Effects of atorvastatin on the insulin resistance in women of polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore). 2021;100(24):e26289.

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Dason ES, et al. Diagnosis and management of polycystic ovarian syndrome. CMAJ. 2024;196(3):E85–94.

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar
 

Helvaci N, Yildiz BO. Current and emerging drug treatment strategies for polycystic ovary syndrome. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2023;24(1):105–20.

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Shivanandappa TB, et al. Ziziphus mauritiana leaves normalize hormonal profile and total cholesterol in polycystic ovarian syndrome rats. Plants (Basel). 2023;12(14):2599.

CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Manchanda S, Bhatt S. Comparing anxiety, depression, stress, eating behaviour, and health promotion in PCOS and non-PCOS individuals. Int J Interdiscip Approach Psychol. 2024;2(4):1498–521.


Google Scholar
 

Malik F, et al. Role and mechanism of fruit waste polyphenols in diabetes management. Open Chem. 2023;21(1):20220272.

Article 
CAS 

Google Scholar
 

Cowan S, et al. Lifestyle management in polycystic ovary syndrome–beyond diet and physical activity. BMC Endocr Disord. 2023;23(1):14.

Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar
 

Altaf K. Quality of life of women with PCOS through stress management and lifestyle intervention. Int J Psychol Behav Res. 2024;4(1):78–101.


Google Scholar
 

Teede HJ, et al. Recommendations from the 2023 international evidence-based guideline for the assessment and management of polycystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2023;189(2):G43–64.

CAS 

Google Scholar
 

Teede HJ, et al. Recommendations from the international evidence-based guideline for the assessment and management of polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril. 2018;33(9):1602–18.


Google Scholar
 

Anwar S, et al. Exercise to combat the effect of insulin resistance in PCOS: a narrative review. Curr Womens Health Rev. 2023;19(4):107–14.

Article 

Google Scholar
 

Colombo GE, et al. Comparison of selected exercise training modalities in the management of PCOS: a systematic review and meta-analysis to inform evidence-based guidelines. JSAMS Plus. 2023;2:100024.

Article 

Google Scholar
 

Butt MS, et al. Comparison of physical activity levels and dietary habits between women with polycystic ovarian syndrome and healthy controls of reproductive age: a case-control study. BMC Womens Health. 2024;24(1):29.

Article 
CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar
 

Samarasinghe SN, et al. Impact of insulin sensitization on metabolic and fertility outcomes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome and overweight or obesity—a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression. Obes Rev. 2024;25:e13744.

Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar
 

Stańczak NA, Grywalska E, Dudzińska E. The latest reports and treatment methods on polycystic ovary syndrome. Ann Med. 2024;56(1):2357737.

Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar