1. Social Security Act 1938. 2 Geo VI, 1938. No.7. New Zealand; 1938.

2. Clarke JS. Social Security in New Zealand. Soc Work 1942; 2(4): 171–7.

3. MacLean H, McHenry DE. Medical services in New Zealand. Milbank Mem Fund Q 1948; 26(2): 148–81.

4. McHenry DE. The New Zealand system of social security. Soc Serv Rev 1951; 25(1): 48–59.

5. Bagshaw P, Potter JD, Goddard J, et al. Is health a basic human right or a commodity? Travelling the difficult road towards equity of outcomes. N Z Med J 2026; 139(1632): 92–100.

6. Bagshaw P, Potter JD, Goddard J, et al Cross-sector group outlines blueprint for major health reform. New Zealand Doctor. 13 July 2026. (accessed 13 July 2026).

7. Ministry of Health. Annual Update of Key Results 2023/24: New Zealand Health Survey. 2024 (accessed 4 Dec 2025).

8. Rashbrooke M. Too much money: How wealth disparities are unbalancing Aotearoa New Zealand. Wellington: Bridget Williams Books; 2021.

9. Haigh D. Poverty in New Zealand. Whanake: Pacif J Commun Dev 2018; 4(2): 102–15.

10. Barnett P, Bagshaw P. Neoliberalism: what it is, how it affects health and what to do about it. N Z Med J 2020; 133(1512): 76–84.

11. Association of Salaried Medical Specialists. A spreading problem: Changes in the distribution of medical specialists between public and private work – 2022 to 2024, May 2025 (accessed 20 Jan 2026).

12. Chancel L, Gómez-Carrera R, Moshrif R, Piketty T, eds. World Inequality Report 2026: World Inequality Lab, 2026.

13. Jamieson LM, Hedges J, McKinstry S, et al. How Neoliberalism Shapes Indigenous Oral Health Inequalities Globally: Examples from Five Countries. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17(23): 8908.

14. AbuElKheir-Mataria W, Chun S. Global health in the grip of neoliberalism: A combined retrospective comparative stages heuristic policy analysis. Medical Research Archives 2024; 12(11): 1–16.

15. Rotarou ES, Sakellariou D. Neoliberal reforms in health systems and the construction of long-lasting inequalities in health care: A case study from Chile. Health Policy 2017; 121(5): 495–503.

16. Schrecker T. Neoliberalism and Health: The Linkages and the Dangers. Sociology Compass 2016; 10(10): 952–71.

17. Lala R, Jamieson LM, Saxena S. Overcommercialisation of dental practice in England and decline in oral health. BMJ 2026; 393: e088509.

18. Hanson K, Brikci N, Erlangga D, et al. The Lancet Global Health Commission on financing primary health care: putting people at the centre. Lancet Glob Health 2022; 10(5): e715–e72.

19. World Health Organization. The world health report: health systems financing: the path to universal coverage. Geneva: WHO; 2010.

20. Brundtland GH. Public financing for primary health care is the key to universal health coverage and strengthening health security. Lancet Glob Health 2022; 10(5): e602–e3.

21. Wray LR. Modern money theory: A primer on macroeconomics for sovereign monetary systems. 2nd ed. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK; 2015.

22. Mitchell B. Reclaiming the state: A progressive vision of sovereignty for a post-neoliberal world. In: Werry R, Werry C, eds. Privatisation & plunder: Neoliberalism – causes, costs and alternatives. Paraparaumu Beach, Aotearoa: Fabian Society of New Zealand; 2025: 169–84.

23. Kelton S. The deficit myth: Modern monetary theory and the birth of the people’s economy. New York: PublicAffairs; 2020.

24. Pandit JJ. Modern monetary theory for the post-pandemic NHS: Why budget deficits do not matter. British Journal of Healthcare Management 2022; 28(1): 37–46.

25. Mosler W. White Paper: Modern Monetary Theory (MMT). 11 March 2024 (accessed 1 June 2026).

26. Keen S. The new economics: A manifesto. Cambridge UK: Polity Press; 2021.

27. Wray LR. Zero Unemployment and stable prices. Journal of Economic Issues 1998; 32(2): 539–45.

28. Mitchell W. Full employment abandoned: the triumph of ideology over evidence April, 2013 (accessed 4 June 2026).

29. Reeves A, Basu S, McKee M, et al. Does investment in the health sector promote or inhibit economic growth? Global Health 2013; 9(1): 43.

30. Ahirao G. Policy straitjacket to be added to bonfire: Anathema of a past (failed) age. Whakapapa, Whenua, Whai hua – People, Place, Value, 2 August 2026 (accessed 3 August 2026).

31. Monasterio E, Eaqub S. Privatisation by stealth, design or default? The future of New Zealand’s health system. N Z Med J 2026; 139(1632): 9–12.

32. World Health Organization. Constitution of the World Health Organization 1946 updated 2005 (accessed May 28 2026).

33. World Health Organization. Human rights. 1 December 2023 (accessed 8 August 2026).

34. World Health Organization. Declaration of Alma-Ata. International Conference on Primary Health Care, Alma-Ata, USSR, 6–12 September 1978. Geneva: World Health Organization; 1978.

35. New Zealand. Pae Ora (Healthy Futures) Act 2022 Public Act 2022 No 30. 2022 (accessed 4 Dec 2025).

36. Commission on the Social Determinants of Health. Closing the gap in a generation: Health equity through action on the social determinants of health. Final Report of the Commission on Social Determinants of Health. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2008.

37. Marmot M, Allen J, Goldblatt P, et al. Fair society, healthy lives: The Marmot Review. London: The Marmot Review; 2010.

38. Marmot M, Allen J, Boyce T, et al. Health equity in England: The Marmot Review 10 years on. London: Institute of Health Equity, 2020.

39. Potter JD, Poulton R, Gluckman P, et al. Toward a whole of government/whole of nation approach to mental health and addiction: Presentation to the Government Inquiry into Mental Health and Addiction by the Social Sector Science Advisors, May 10, 2018 (accessed 8 Aug 2026).

40. Potter JD, Poulton R, McNaughton S, et al. Towards an evidence-informed plan of action for mental health and addiction in New Zealand: A response by the social sector science advisors to the request of the government inquiry into mental health and addiction, July 13, 2018 (accessed 8 Aug 2026).

41. Government Inquiry into Mental Health and Addiction. He Ara Oranga: Report of the Government Inquiry into Mental Health and Addiction. Wellington: Government Inquiry into Mental Health and Addiction; 2018.

42. Ahirao G. Fiscal framework and rules to deliver health for all. July 2025 (accessed 16 May 2026).

43. Public Health Advisory Committee. Rebalancing our food system. May 2024 (accessed 8 Aug 2026).

44. Sandel MJ. The tyranny of merit: What’s become of the common good? London. Penguin Books; 2021.

45. Bagshaw P, Potter JD, Hornblow A, et al. The common good: reviving our social contract to improve healthcare. N Z Med J 2025; 138(1614): 9–13.

46. Brown H, Bryder L. Universal healthcare for all? Māori health inequalities in Aotearoa New Zealand, 1975-2000. Soc Sci Med 2023; 319: 115315.

47. Ministry of Health. Māori health data and statistics: Statistical publications and data sets on Māori health. 2025 (accessed 4 Dec 2025).

48. Ministry of Health. Pacific health data and statistics: Statistical publications and data sets on Pacific health. 2025 (accessed 4 Dec 2025).

49. Waitangi Tribunal. Hauora: Report on Stage One of the Health Services and Outcomes Kaupapa Inquiry. 2023 (accessed 20 Dec 2025).