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\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tOne-fifth of the world\u2019s gas and oil passes through the Strait of Hormuz. (Photo: AFP)\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n
PARIS – As in 2022 when Russia invaded Ukraine, the new war in the Middle East is exposing once again how far Europe and others lag in replacing imported fossil fuels with domestic solar and wind power, specialists say.<\/p>\n
The Russian invasion in 2022 triggered a massive energy crisis, particularly in Europe, where gas prices \u2014 then largely dependent on imports from Russia \u2014 soared.<\/p>\n
Four years later, the continent is instead importing liquid natural gas (LNG) in large volumes, notably from Qatar \u2014 one of the countries caught up in Iran\u2019s retaliation against US and Israeli attacks.<\/p>\n
Europe also remains dependent on oil from the Middle East, where ships have been blocked and sometimes targeted by Iranian strikes.<\/p>\n
Regarding its energy security, \u201cEurope is facing the biggest wake\u2011up call since the invasion in Ukraine\u201d, said Ana Maria Jaller\u2011Makarewicz, analyst for the Institute for Energy Economics and Financial Analysis (IEEFA).<\/p>\n
For Jan Rosenow, professor of energy and climate policy at the University of Oxford, the latest conflict prompted a sense of \u201cdeja vu\u201d, recalling 2022.<\/p>\n
\u201cWhat this shows is that we haven\u2019t really learned the lessons that we should have learned from that experience. When you look at the dependency rate of Europe on oil and gas \u2014 it hasn\u2019t really gone down.\u201d<\/p>\n
Energy transition<\/p>\n
Despite countries\u2019 pledging to reduce their burning of planet-warming fossil fuels, Europe remains dependent on them for more than two-thirds of its energy consumption \u2014 primarily for vehicles, heating and industry \u2014 according to the International Energy Agency.<\/p>\n
Only electricity generation has clearly decarbonised in recent years. Fossil fuels produced just 29% of the European Union\u2019s electricity last year, according to research group Ember.<\/p>\n
Across Europe, political appetite for further investment in renewable energy for the wider economy has faded.<\/p>\n
Countries are far short of global targets for shifting away from fossil fuels despite pledges under the 2015 Paris climate agreement, with some countries \u2014 notably the United States \u2014 even rolling back commitments.<\/p>\n
The new war meanwhile drove up oil prices by about seven percent on Monday, while European gas prices skyrocketed by more than 30%.<\/p>\n
For climate leaders, this highlights the need to get the transition back on track.<\/p>\n
\u201cThe global transition is still too slow,\u201d United Nations climate chief Simon Stiell warned on LinkedIn.<\/p>\n
Renewables, he wrote, are now \u201cthe obvious pathway to energy security and sovereignty\u201d.<\/p>\n
Fossil fuel reliance<\/p>\n
Even if gas dependency has shifted from Russia to suppliers such as the United States, the fresh unrest exposes Europe\u2019s \u201ccontinued reliance on imported fossil fuels traded on volatile global markets\u201d, said Simone Tagliapietra, a researcher at European think tank Bruegel.<\/p>\n
\u201cRather than slowing down the low-carbon transition, the new tensions show that the deployment of clean, domestically produced energy sources should be accelerated,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n
\u201cOnly by reducing structural dependence on oil and LNG imports can Europe durably shield its economy from recurrent external shocks.\u201d<\/p>\n
Between 10% and 15% of Europe\u2019s gas imports come from Qatar.<\/p>\n
European gas prices jumped after QatarEnergy, the state\u2011owned energy company, announced a halt in LNG production following an Iranian drone attack.<\/p>\n
\u201cHistorically, fossil fuels were promised to deliver\u2026 some form of freedom, some form of democracy, some form of growth, and above all, some form of security,\u201d said Pauline Heinrichs, a climate diplomacy specialist at King\u2019s College London.<\/p>\n
\u201cI think this illegal and unnecessary war is both a reminder that this is obviously false and, second, that this is, at least in security terms, an illusion.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"One-fifth of the world\u2019s gas and oil passes through the Strait of Hormuz. (Photo: AFP) PARIS – As…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":316680,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22],"tags":[273,111,139,69,147],"class_list":["post-316679","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-environment","tag-environment","tag-new-zealand","tag-newzealand","tag-nz","tag-science"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/nz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/316679","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/nz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/nz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/nz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/nz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=316679"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/nz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/316679\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/nz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/316680"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/nz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=316679"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/nz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=316679"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/nz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=316679"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}