{"id":621032,"date":"2026-10-05T07:10:11","date_gmt":"2026-10-05T07:10:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/nz\/621032\/"},"modified":"2026-10-05T07:10:11","modified_gmt":"2026-10-05T07:10:11","slug":"changing-the-world-of-organ-transplants-while-fearing-he-could-die-waiting-for-one-the-irish-times","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/nz\/621032\/","title":{"rendered":"Changing the world of organ transplants while fearing he could die waiting for one \u2013 The Irish Times"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"c-paragraph paywall \">The first time he went into cardiac arrest and died, briefly, Dr Robert Montgomery was hiking in Patagonia, near the southernmost tip of South America. He felt his heart racing as he lagged behind his son John and their guide. <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-paragraph paywall \">Then he collapsed, face down into the snow.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-paragraph paywall \">Seconds passed before a medical device implanted in his chest delivered a shock that restored his heartbeat and saved his life.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-paragraph paywall \">It was 2010, and Montgomery, then 50, recovered quickly. But it was becoming painfully clear he needed a new heart. The one he was born with was failing.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-paragraph paywall \">The odds of him getting a heart transplant were grim and Montgomery knew this because he was a transplant surgeon himself.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-paragraph paywall \">In Ireland, there are approximately 660 people currently waiting for an organ transplant. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.irishtimes.com\/health\/your-wellness\/2026\/04\/13\/waiting-for-a-heart-transplant-you-never-give-up-on-the-hope-of-life-2\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/www.irishtimes.com\/health\/your-wellness\/2026\/04\/13\/waiting-for-a-heart-transplant-you-never-give-up-on-the-hope-of-life-2\/\">Earlier this year The Irish Times reported<\/a> that most were on the waiting list for a kidney transplant, with approximately 100 on the list for other organs. Of these, six patients were waiting for a heart transplant.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-paragraph paywall \">At the time of his Argentina trip, Montgomery was leading one of America\u2019s premier organ transplant centres, at Johns Hopkins Medicine.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-paragraph paywall \">As a child, Montgomery wanted to be a veterinarian. It was only when, at age 14, his father developed symptoms of dilated cardiomyopathy that he reconsidered. The rare disease causes the heart\u2019s chambers to stretch and enlarge and can lead to heart failure, irregular heart beats or arrhythmias, cardiac arrest and sudden death. His father became increasingly debilitated and eventually needed a feeding tube after suffering brain damage from a cardiac arrest.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-paragraph b-it-article-body__interstitial-link\">[\u00a0<a aria-label=\"Open related story\" class=\"c-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.irishtimes.com\/life-style\/people\/2026\/09\/26\/my-youngest-child-will-probably-be-bearded-before-the-national-childrens-hospital-opens\/\" rel=\"noreferrer nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> People \u2018My youngest child will probably be bearded before the national children\u2019s hospital opens\u2019Opens in new window<\/a>\u00a0]<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-paragraph paywall \">By the time his father died in 1976, Montgomery, then 16, had decided to become a doctor. Eleven years later, he had just started a surgical residency at Johns Hopkins Medicine when he got the worst phone call of his life. His brother Rich, a 35-year-old father of two, had died that morning.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-paragraph paywall \">Pathologists discovered that Rich also had dilated cardiomyopathy, likely caused by a genetic mutation. Robert was evaluated and learned he had the condition too.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" data-chromatic=\"ignore\" alt=\"Dr Robert Montgomery at NYU Langone Health. Photograph: Angelina Katsanis\/The New York Times\" class=\"c-image\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/nz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/34F3FZVM3VFARGD4TL274K735M.jpg\"   width=\"800\" height=\"533\"\/>Dr Robert Montgomery at NYU Langone Health. Photograph: Angelina Katsanis\/The New York Times <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-paragraph paywall \">Suddenly, his career was in doubt. Surgical training was gruelling, and a cardiac arrest or fainting episode could endanger patients.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-paragraph paywall \">When medication failed to keep his arrhythmia in check, Montgomery opted for a new medical device called an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator, or ICD, that could shock the heart back into a normal rhythm.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-paragraph paywall \">Unsure if he could complete his residency, Montgomery and his wife at the time moved to England so he could study immunology. He decided to pursue a doctorate, just in case surgery didn\u2019t work out.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-paragraph paywall \">Montgomery returned to Johns Hopkins in 1992. He wanted to specialise in transplant surgery. His own illness was a motivator. \u201cI didn\u2019t think I would live a normal lifespan \u2013 I knew I would need a heart transplant or I would die \u2013 so I was in a hurry, and I was hyperfocused.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-paragraph b-it-article-body__interstitial-link\">[\u00a0<a aria-label=\"Open related story\" class=\"c-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.irishtimes.com\/life-style\/people\/2026\/09\/27\/irish-guide-dogs-at-50-he-made-the-difference-of-being-able-to-leave-the-house-or-not\/\" rel=\"noreferrer nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Irish Guide Dogs at 50: \u2018He made the difference of being able to leave the house or not\u2019Opens in new window<\/a>\u00a0]<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-paragraph paywall \">So few heart transplants were done in the early 1990s that becoming a full-time heart transplant surgeon wasn\u2019t an option. Montgomery focused on kidneys, the most commonly transplanted organ. At Hopkins, he helped develop a minimally invasive surgical technique for retrieving kidneys from healthy living donors, which doctors hoped would lead more people to donate a kidney. It did. Over the next few years, \u201cwe transplanted all the kids on our paediatric list\u201d, Montgomery said.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-paragraph paywall \">In 2001, realising he could increase the number of patients who got an organ if kidneys were swapped between incompatible, donor-recipient pairs, Montgomery started a programme to do just that. Soon, he and his team were doing domino donations. An altruistic donor gave a kidney to a stranger, whose nonmatching donor gave a kidney to a second recipient and so on. \u201cHe was seen as a bit of a cowboy,\u201d said Brigitte Sullivan, the transplant administrator who Montgomery described as his \u201cfellow visionary\u201d.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" data-chromatic=\"ignore\" alt=\"Dr Robert Montgomery's experience of waiting for his own heart transplant laid bare the challenges of a system he had tried to fix. Photograph: Angelina Katsanis\/The New York Times\" class=\"c-image\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/nz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/3QCQCDCOYNBQHB5MB7ZJ2D7NRY.jpg\"   width=\"800\" height=\"533\"\/>Dr Robert Montgomery&#8217;s experience of waiting for his own heart transplant laid bare the challenges of a system he had tried to fix. Photograph: Angelina Katsanis\/The New York Times <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-paragraph paywall \">In 2016, NYU Langone Health recruited Montgomery to build an organ transplant programme, and he moved to Manhattan with his wife, opera singer Denyce Graves, and their daughter (Montgomery also has three children from previous relationships; his first marriage ended in divorce). He had met Graves on a flight to Paris. By the time the plane landed, she had invited him to hear her sing and he had invited her to watch him operate.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-paragraph paywall \">Despite his earlier near-death experience in Patagonia, Montgomery returned to the same spot in 2017. He wanted to spend time with his sons John and Max, but he went into cardiac arrest again. The closest hospital was nearly an hour away and John did chest compressions on him in a Jeep as they raced to it.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-paragraph paywall \">When he emerged from a medically induced coma more than a month later in New York, where he had been flown, Montgomery had to learn to walk, talk and eat again. \u201cAs I was having more of these near-death experiences, it became really clear to me that the likelihood of me getting a heart transplant was less than of me dying before I got on the list,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-paragraph paywall \">A few months later, his heart stopped in the middle of the Broadway show, School of Rock. He received CPR in the aisle. At a medical conference in Italy, in September 2018, he experienced four cardiac arrests, one after another.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-paragraph paywall \">The upside, he realised, was that he was now so sick he could finally join the waiting list for a heart.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-paragraph b-it-article-body__interstitial-link\">[\u00a0<a aria-label=\"Open related story\" class=\"c-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.irishtimes.com\/opinion\/2026\/09\/27\/mark-oconnell-a-mother-stalking-her-19-year-old-online-is-demented-but-not-in-the-way-you-think\/\" rel=\"noreferrer nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">A mother stalking her 19-year-old online is demented \u2013 but not in the way you thinkOpens in new window<\/a>\u00a0]<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-paragraph paywall \">Just before dawn on September 20th, 2018, he got a call that a heart was available \u2013 if he wanted it. The donor, who had died of a heroin overdose, was infected with hepatitis C.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-paragraph paywall \">There was reason for pause. The hospital\u2019s heart transplant programme was brand-new; Montgomery had started it less than a year earlier. And transplants with hepatitis C-positive hearts were so novel that he would be part of a clinical trial if he received one.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-paragraph paywall \">\u201cA lot of my colleagues thought I was crazy,\u201d Montgomery said. But he believed in the programme and had encouraged his own patients to consider organs with hepatitis C, which could be cured with medication. \u201cSo why not me?\u201d he said.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-paragraph paywall \">After a six-hour surgery, Montgomery had a new heart. Two days after the operation, he was sitting up in bed, reviewing cases.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-paragraph paywall \">After his experience, Montgomery began to see all the work he had done to find more viable organs as insufficient. \u201cIt\u2019s never going to be able to provide enough organs for people with organ failure,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-paragraph paywall \">It was time for a radical move. Experiments had proved that organs from genetically modified pigs could be transplanted into monkeys. The next step was to build a case for transplants to humans. Montgomery decided to try it first in a patient who was brain-dead, something that had never been attempted.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" data-chromatic=\"ignore\" alt=\"Dr Robert Montgomery at NYU Langone Health. Photograph: Angelina Katsanis\/The New York Times\" class=\"c-image\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/nz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/34F3FZVM3VFARGD4TL274K735M.jpg\"   width=\"800\" height=\"533\"\/>Dr Robert Montgomery at NYU Langone Health. Photograph: Angelina Katsanis\/The New York Times <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-paragraph paywall \">In 2021, Montgomery announced he had for the first time transplanted a kidney from a genetically modified pig into a human. Scientists at United Therapeutics, which produced the pig, had knocked out a gene involved in an aggressive organ rejection response. Not only was the kidney not rejected, but it functioned, making urine and excreting waste for 54 hours, the limit set by a hospital ethics panel.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-paragraph paywall \">Over the next few years, Montgomery\u2019s team and others in Maryland and Boston transplanted pig kidneys and hearts into a small number of living patients who were terminally ill and had exhausted other treatment options.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-paragraph paywall \">The patients died of underlying conditions within months, but none of them mounted the kind of devastating immune rejection that destroys an organ \u2013 a major accomplishment that showed that pig organs could be transplanted safely and function properly in humans.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-paragraph paywall \">Last year, the Food and Drug Administration in the United States gave a green light to clinical trials of pig organ transplants in very ill patients who aren\u2019t likely to get a kidney any other way. Montgomery is leading two of them.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-paragraph paywall \">Since his surgery, he has gone salmon fishing in Alaska with his son John, travelled to Africa with Graves to celebrate her retirement and assisted kidney surgeons in Ukraine.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-paragraph paywall \">Every morning, to protect his new heart, he walks 3km to work. He sets out before 6am, to make it in time for patient rounds. \u2013 This article originally appeared in the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2026\/09\/23\/well\/heart-transplant-surgeon-pig-kidney.html\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" title=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2026\/09\/23\/well\/heart-transplant-surgeon-pig-kidney.html\">New York Times<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"The first time he went into cardiac arrest and died, briefly, Dr Robert Montgomery was hiking in Patagonia,&hellip;\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":621033,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[134,1767,111,139,69,40158],"class_list":["post-621032","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-health","tag-health","tag-new-york","tag-new-zealand","tag-newzealand","tag-nz","tag-organ-transplant"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/nz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/621032","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/nz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/nz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/nz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/nz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=621032"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/nz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/621032\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/nz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/621033"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/nz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=621032"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/nz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=621032"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/nz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=621032"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}