At present, diagnosing and treating patients can be complex, requiring MRI scans and invasive surgical biopsies.
In the study, patients with glioblastoma were used to check the validity of the blood test during surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy.
Prof Petra Hamerlik, who led the research and whose own father had glioblastoma, said it was “one of the most devastating cancers we face”.
She added: “The idea with our work is that, if you come more than once with a headache, such as three times, and if the doctor suspects a brain tumour, they would run this test,” she said.
“The risk score would indicate that you might have a malignant growth in your brain, and you should go for MRI.
“The idea is to develop a device – something like a Covid test – to start with.
“If this is confirmed, then it will be submitted to regulatory bodies and hopefully brought into the NHS within a decade.”
Dr Simon Newman, chief scientific officer at the Brain Tumour Charity, said the research marked “a significant step towards a simple blood test” that could help clinicians detect glioblastoma.