A lack of awareness could mean a “worse outcome” for patients, he continued.

Nadel said the “most common” kinds of infection caused by parvovirus included slapped cheek syndrome, external, which causes a rash on the cheeks, rather than the virus moving to the heart and causing myocarditis as it had done in Viviana-Ray’s case.

Gill recorded the 14-month-old’s cause of death as complications from myocarditis caused by parvovirus, contributed to by bronchiolitis and bronchial pneumonia.

The inquest concluded that the failures in her treatment at Basildon Hospital were “not directly causative to her death”.

Gill’s report, which was sent to Basildon Hospital, external (Mid and South Essex NHS Foundation Trust) and the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, also identified a lack of local or national guidelines for medical staff in identifying and treating potential heart conditions, and requested improvement in this area.