One person suffered minor injuries from the incident, which occurred at around 1.40pm this afternoon, West Midlands Police said.
Footage and images shared online appeared to show a small white plane lying flat on the airport tarmac.
The aircraft has been identified as a Beech B200 Super King Air belonging to Woodgate Aviation, a charter firm based at Belfast International.
Passengers waiting outside departures at Birmingham Airport after it has been announced that flights at the airport will remain grounded until at least 8pm (Sophie Robinson/PA)
Birmingham Airport runway closed after small plane makes emergency landing
Birmingham Airport posted this afternoon: “Following an aircraft incident, the runway is temporarily closed.
“We apologise for the inconvenience this will cause.
“We will keep passengers already at the airport informed and those due to travel later today, are advised to check the status of their flight before coming to the airport.
“We will continue to issue updates when we can.”
The airport later said that all persons on board the aircraft had been discharged by West Midlands Ambulance Service.
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On Wednesday evening, the runway reopened and operations have resumed.
Passengers were urged to check flight details with their airlines and follow advice issued by them, as the airport apologised for the disruption caused.
“Our teams have worked as quickly as possible, in line with strict protocols, which must be followed to ensure a safe reopening of the runway following a prolonged closure,” a statement concluded.
West Midlands Police said one person had suffered minor injuries after the emergency landing.
In a post on the Birmingham Airport Police X account, the force said: “We are at Birmingham Airport this afternoon after a small aircraft was involved in an emergency landing at around 1.40pm.
“Officers are among the emergency crews at the scene and one person has been reported to have minor injuries.
“The Civil Aviation Authority has been informed and the airport has suspended operations as an investigation is carried out.”