He was found guilty in February of nine counts of rape, four counts of sexual assault, two counts of sexual assault of a child under 13, five counts of rape of a child under 13 and one count of assault by penetration.
Despite his convictions, the court received letters of support for Khan from his family and some members of the community ahead of sentencing.
Det Ch Insp Jennie Ronan, whose team led the investigation, said: “Abdul Khan presented himself as a respectable man who could be trusted.
“However, this was far from the truth, and he instead preyed upon and took advantage of others.
“Today, I want to focus on the victim-survivors, who have shown remarkable bravery in reporting Khan and great strength throughout the trial.”
Melissa Garner, specialist prosecutor at the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS), said: “Abdul Halim Khan used their deeply held beliefs to instil fear and silence in them, making them believe their families would be at risk if they ever spoke out.”
An NSPCC spokesperson said: “It is deeply disturbing that Khan abused his position as a trusted faith leader to commit sexual offences against girls and women using fear and manipulation to control and silence those he targeted.”