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Heinz, M. V., Mackin, D. M., Trudeau, B. M., Bhattacharya, S., Wang, Y., Banta, H. A., Jewett, A. D., Salzhauer, A. J., Griffin, T. Z., & Jacobson, N. C. (2025). Randomized trial of a generative AI chatbot for mental health treatment. NEJM AI, 2(4), Article AIoa2400802. https://doi.org/10.1056/AIoa2400802

Shedler, J. (2010). The efficacy of psychodynamic psychotherapy. American Psychologist, 65(2), 98–109. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0018378

Steinert, C., Munder, T., Rabung, S., Hoyer, J., & Leichsenring, F. (2017). Psychodynamic therapy: As efficacious as other empirically supported treatments? A meta-analysis testing equivalence of outcomes. American Journal of Psychiatry, 174(10), 943–953. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2017.17010057

World Health Organization. (2025, September 2). Over a billion people living with mental health conditions — services require urgent scale-up [News release]. https://www.who.int/news/item/02-09-2025-over-a-billion-people-living-w…

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