Howden estimates the combined premium opportunity across construction, natural catastrophe, power supply, outage, cyber, and liability risks at US$5 billion (£3.7 billion), or approximately 60% of annual US operational premiums by 2030, with international volume on top. For the London market, which writes data centre risks across construction, property, cyber, political violence and liability lines, the premium opportunity is not in doubt. The programme structures being placed today are the question, specifically, whether they are built to handle losses that arise when those risks converge at the same site simultaneously.