{"id":468521,"date":"2026-03-10T22:26:08","date_gmt":"2026-03-10T22:26:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/uk\/468521\/"},"modified":"2026-03-10T22:26:08","modified_gmt":"2026-03-10T22:26:08","slug":"implementing-an-effective-powerful-but-proportionate-regime-the-independent-football-regulator-is-inspired-and-supported-by-the-financial-conduct-authority-financial-services","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/uk\/468521\/","title":{"rendered":"Implementing An Effective, Powerful But Proportionate Regime: The Independent Football Regulator Is Inspired And Supported By The Financial Conduct Authority &#8211; Financial Services"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Wendy   Saunders\u2019s articles from Lewis Silkin are most popular:<\/p>\n<p>Lewis Silkin are most popular: <\/p>\n<p>                    &#13;<br \/>\n                            within Cannabis &amp; Hemp topic(s)&#13;<\/p>\n<p>The Independent Football Regulator (\u201cIFR\u201d) is brand&#13;<br \/>\nnew. With it come lots of unknowns. To get a good understanding,&#13;<br \/>\nand indeed level of comfort, about what the new regulatory regime&#13;<br \/>\nunder the Football Governance Act 2025 (\u201cFGA 2025\u201d)&#13;<br \/>\nmight mean for football clubs in practice, it is helpful to&#13;<br \/>\nconsider the regulatory models that inspired its design \u2013 the&#13;<br \/>\nkey one being that of the Financial Conduct Authority&#13;<br \/>\n(\u201cFCA\u201d). By doing this, we can anticipate how the IFR&#13;<br \/>\nis likely to apply the new regime and flex its new powers.<\/p>\n<p>Why the FCA?<\/p>\n<p>The FCA&#8217;s statutory objectives include protecting&#13;<br \/>\nconsumers and the integrity of the UK financial system, promoting&#13;<br \/>\ncompetition in the interests of consumers and ensuring relevant&#13;<br \/>\nmarkets function well. Essentially, the FCA plays a key role in&#13;<br \/>\nensuring that the financial system works well for the UK&#13;<br \/>\npublic.<\/p>\n<p>While financial institutions and football clubs are vastly&#13;<br \/>\ndifferent beasts, the level of their importance to the country is&#13;<br \/>\nnot dissimilar. The\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/publications\/fan-led-review-of-football-governance-securing-the-games-future\/fan-led-review-of-football-governance-securing-the-games-future\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Fan-Led Review of Football&#13;<br \/>\nGovernance<\/a>\u00a0recognised the place of football clubs in&#13;<br \/>\nBritish people&#8217;s lives and society \u2013 acknowledging the&#13;<br \/>\ncultural significance of clubs and their role in maintaining&#13;<br \/>\ncommunity cohesion. It also recognised the potential for clubs to&#13;<br \/>\ncontribute positively to the economy, but also the perilous&#13;<br \/>\nfinancial position of many of them. It is therefore not surprising&#13;<br \/>\nthat the law-makers turned to the FCA for inspiration on how to&#13;<br \/>\ncreate a protective regime, which could also allow well run clubs&#13;<br \/>\nto thrive economically.<\/p>\n<p>Establishing the appropriate regulatory model for football&#13;<br \/>\nclubs<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/publications\/fan-led-review-of-football-governance-securing-the-games-future\/fan-led-review-of-football-governance-securing-the-games-future\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">The Fan-Led Review of Football&#13;<br \/>\nGovernance<\/a>\u00a0considered several regulatory models and&#13;<br \/>\nconcluded that regulation needed to be led by an independent&#13;<br \/>\nregulator created by an Act of Parliament. Further, it noted the&#13;<br \/>\nregulator should be independent from football clubs and government&#13;<br \/>\nand have a clear statutory objective with strong investigatory and&#13;<br \/>\nenforcement powers. The Review panel acknowledged the contribution&#13;<br \/>\nof many experts who were willing to assist with its work,&#13;<br \/>\nparticularly the supervision team at the FCA.<\/p>\n<p>In terms of financial regulation for clubs the Review proposed a&#13;<br \/>\nsimple system based on capital and liquidity requirements used&#13;<br \/>\nalongside a financial resilience supervision model operated by the&#13;<br \/>\nFCA. Firstly, clubs would be obliged to ensure they had enough cash&#13;<br \/>\ncoming into the business, control of costs and suitable processes&#13;<br \/>\nand systems to ensure the sustainability of the business. Clubs&#13;<br \/>\nwould need buffers in place for shocks and unforeseen&#13;<br \/>\ncircumstances. The regulator would look at clubs&#8217; plans,&#13;<br \/>\nconduct its own analysis and if a club plan was not credible, the&#13;<br \/>\nclub did not have enough liquidity, costs were too high or risk not&#13;<br \/>\naccounted for properly, the regulator would be able to demand an&#13;<br \/>\nimprovement in finances (e.g. inject some cash into the business or&#13;<br \/>\nlower the wage bill). Essentially, a club would be able to invest&#13;<br \/>\nto seek to improve its competitive position but would no longer be&#13;<br \/>\nable to gamble with a club&#8217;s future. For a club to do this,&#13;<br \/>\nthe money would need to be in the club upfront and committed.<\/p>\n<p>The government&#8217;s\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/publications\/a-sustainable-future-reforming-club-football-governance\/a-sustainable-future-reforming-club-football-governance\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">2023 policy paper<\/a>\u00a0on reforming club&#13;<br \/>\nfootball governance also made significant reference to the FCA. It&#13;<br \/>\nreferred to the fit and proper persons tests applied by other&#13;<br \/>\nregulators, including that of the FCA. It suggested that the&#13;<br \/>\nregulator&#8217;s approach to owners and directors that are&#13;<br \/>\npolitically exposed persons (PEPs) should mirror that of the FCA.&#13;<br \/>\nIt also took inspiration for its proposed regulatory principles&#13;<br \/>\nfrom the FCA&#8217;s Principles of good regulation, which are&#13;<br \/>\ndesigned to ensure the regulator exercises its functions&#13;<br \/>\nappropriately. Ten regulatory principles were proposed, of which we&#13;<br \/>\nhighlight the following five as being of particular interest:<\/p>\n<p>&#13;<br \/>\nParticipative.\u00a0The regulator should aim to&#13;<br \/>\ndeliver its statutory duties without formal intervention, but&#13;<br \/>\ninstead through advocacy. This means engaging constructively with&#13;<br \/>\nclubs and steering them to compliance, wherever possible.&#13;<br \/>\n&#13;<br \/>\nBold enforcement.\u00a0When advocacy is ineffective,&#13;<br \/>\nor in critical situations, intervention and enforcement should be&#13;<br \/>\nbold.&#13;<br \/>\n&#13;<br \/>\nSenior management responsibility.\u00a0Responsibility&#13;<br \/>\nfor the activities of football clubs and compliance with regulatory&#13;<br \/>\nrequirements rests collectively with the board of directors. Clubs&#13;<br \/>\nwould be required to make it clear which individuals hold board&#13;<br \/>\nand\/or senior management responsibilities, including the owner&#13;<br \/>\nwhere relevant. The regulator should hold these individuals, and&#13;<br \/>\nthe board as a whole, to account as appropriate.&#13;<br \/>\n&#13;<br \/>\nAdaptive and context specific.\u00a0The regulator&#13;<br \/>\nshould be flexible in its approach to regulating different clubs.&#13;<br \/>\nThis means, where appropriate, it should exercise its functions&#13;<br \/>\n(e.g. set Specific Licence Conditions) in a way that recognises&#13;<br \/>\ndifferences in the context (nature, circumstances, and objectives)&#13;<br \/>\nof different clubs.&#13;<br \/>\n&#13;<br \/>\nProportionality.\u00a0The regulator should ensure that&#13;<br \/>\nany burden or restriction that it imposes on a person, club or&#13;<br \/>\nactivity is proportionate to the benefits expected as a&#13;<br \/>\nresult.&#13;<\/p>\n<p>The policy paper went on to note that the regulator would be&#13;<br \/>\nexpected to publish detailed guidance on its regulatory system,&#13;<br \/>\nincluding its rules and enforcement policy \u2013 giving the&#13;<br \/>\nFCA&#8217;s handbook as an example. In relation to the&#13;<br \/>\nregulator&#8217;s power to impose directions on clubs to take&#13;<br \/>\ncertain action &#8211; to address particularly urgent and significant&#13;<br \/>\nproblems, or if softer forms of advocacy had failed to address&#13;<br \/>\nnon-compliance \u2013 the policy paper referred to the FCA&#8217;s&#13;<br \/>\nVREQ (voluntary requirement) and OIREQ (own initiative requirement)&#13;<br \/>\npowers to vary permission, impose requirements, or change&#13;<br \/>\nindividuals&#8217; approvals in response to suspected serious&#13;<br \/>\nmisconduct and where harm needs to be prevented urgently.<\/p>\n<p>Similarities between the IFR and FCA regulatory regimes<\/p>\n<p>The regime ultimately implemented under the FGA 2025 and the IFR&#13;<br \/>\nguidance is very heavily influenced by key aspects of the FCA&#13;<br \/>\nregulatory regime.<\/p>\n<p>Most of the proposed regulatory principles were enacted in&#13;<br \/>\nsection 8 of the FGA 2025. There are close parallels between the&#13;<br \/>\ncriteria for being an owner of a regulated club and the criteria&#13;<br \/>\nfor being a controller of a financial services firm under the&#13;<br \/>\nFCA&#8217;s controllers regime. The terminology used for senior&#13;<br \/>\nmanagers \u2013 of performing senior management functions \u2013&#13;<br \/>\nmirrors that used by the FCA. The three-limb test for suitability&#13;<br \/>\nto perform an IFR senior management function closely reflects the&#13;<br \/>\nFCA&#8217;s fit and proper test, with the IFR guidance on honesty&#13;<br \/>\nand integrity covering to a significant degree items in common with&#13;<br \/>\nFCA guidance. The IFR application forms for becoming a senior&#13;<br \/>\nmanager or owner contain distinctly similar questions to those&#13;<br \/>\ncontained in the FCA&#8217;s application forms for becoming a&#13;<br \/>\nsenior manager or controller.<\/p>\n<p>Memorandum of understanding between the IFR and FCA, and&#13;<br \/>\nco-operation going forward<\/p>\n<p>The IFR recently entered into a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.fca.org.uk\/news\/statements\/mou-independent-football-regulator-fca\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">memorandum of understanding<\/a>\u00a0(MoU) with&#13;<br \/>\nthe FCA that establishes a framework for cooperation, coordination&#13;<br \/>\nand information sharing. It is clear that as the IFR establishes&#13;<br \/>\nand develops its new regulatory regime it will continue to be&#13;<br \/>\nsupported by the FCA \u2013 which runs a well-developed and highly&#13;<br \/>\nregarded regulatory regime. This should help the IFR to deliver an&#13;<br \/>\neffective and proportionate regime, and provide an element of&#13;<br \/>\npredictability about how it will operate.<\/p>\n<p>Conclusion<\/p>\n<p>The aim of this new regulatory regime is to achieve certain&#13;<br \/>\ndesired outcomes, not necessarily mandating how those should be&#13;<br \/>\nachieved, and only intervening with enforcement action when&#13;<br \/>\nabsolutely necessary \u2013 the potential for the IFR to exercise&#13;<br \/>\nrobust enforcement powers generally being sufficient to encourage&#13;<br \/>\ncompliance.<\/p>\n<p>It is unsurprising and perhaps reassuring that the first CEO of&#13;<br \/>\nthe IFR was responsible for creating the FCA&#8217;s senior&#13;<br \/>\nmanagers regime. That FCA regime was implemented in response to the&#13;<br \/>\nfinancial services sector&#8217;s own troubles concerning&#13;<br \/>\naccountability following the financial crisis in 2008 and the&#13;<br \/>\nreport of the Parliamentary Commission on Banking Standards in&#13;<br \/>\n2013. With suitably experienced leadership, including its wider&#13;<br \/>\nboard, and support from the FCA, the IFR should be well equipped to&#13;<br \/>\nsteer English football as a whole, and the clubs it regulates,&#13;<br \/>\ntowards sustainability and financial resilience. But football is a&#13;<br \/>\nunique world, so we must wait and see how compatible a regime&#13;<br \/>\ndesigned for bankers is with the competitive (and often&#13;<br \/>\nadversarial) nature of the beautiful game. If you&#8217;re subject&#13;<br \/>\nto the regime, our top tip would however be to respect the spirit&#13;<br \/>\nof the principles for good regulation that the IFR is committed to&#13;<br \/>\nand also engage constructively. That should avoid an own goal.<\/p>\n<p>The content of this article is intended to provide a general&#13;<br \/>\nguide to the subject matter. Specialist advice should be sought&#13;<br \/>\nabout your specific circumstances.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Wendy Saunders\u2019s articles from Lewis Silkin are most popular: Lewis Silkin are most popular: &#13; within Cannabis &amp;&hellip;\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":15222,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[59,57,58,50,56,54,55],"class_list":["post-468521","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-united-kingdom","tag-gb","tag-great-britain","tag-greatbritain","tag-news","tag-uk","tag-united-kingdom","tag-unitedkingdom"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/468521","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=468521"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/468521\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/15222"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=468521"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=468521"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=468521"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}