{"id":620896,"date":"2026-06-04T14:25:26","date_gmt":"2026-06-04T14:25:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/uk\/620896\/"},"modified":"2026-06-04T14:25:26","modified_gmt":"2026-06-04T14:25:26","slug":"crystalline-symmetry-breaking-enables-directional-light-emission-in-quantum-dots","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/uk\/620896\/","title":{"rendered":"Crystalline symmetry breaking enables directional light emission in quantum dots"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR1\">Dai, X. et al. Solution-processed, high-performance light-emitting diodes based on quantum dots. Nature 515, 96\u201399 (2014).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1038\/nature13829\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1038\/nature13829\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038%2Fnature13829\" aria-label=\"Article reference 1\" data-doi=\"10.1038\/nature13829\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2014Natur.515...96D\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 1\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 1\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Solution-processed%2C%20high-performance%20light-emitting%20diodes%20based%20on%20quantum%20dots&amp;journal=Nature&amp;doi=10.1038%2Fnature13829&amp;volume=515&amp;pages=96-99&amp;publication_year=2014&amp;author=Dai%2CX\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR2\">Gao, Y. et al. Minimizing heat generation in quantum dot light-emitting diodes by increasing quasi-Fermi-level splitting. Nat. Nanotechnol. 18, 1168\u20131174 (2023).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1038\/s41565-023-01441-z\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1038\/s41565-023-01441-z\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038%2Fs41565-023-01441-z\" aria-label=\"Article reference 2\" data-doi=\"10.1038\/s41565-023-01441-z\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2023NatNa..18.1168G\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 2\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 2\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Minimizing%20heat%20generation%20in%20quantum%20dot%20light-emitting%20diodes%20by%20increasing%20quasi-Fermi-level%20splitting&amp;journal=Nat.%20Nanotechnol.&amp;doi=10.1038%2Fs41565-023-01441-z&amp;volume=18&amp;pages=1168-1174&amp;publication_year=2023&amp;author=Gao%2CY\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR3\">Xu, H. et al. Dipole\u2013dipole-interaction-assisted self-assembly of quantum dots for highly efficient light-emitting diodes. Nat. Photonics 18, 186\u2013191 (2024).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1038\/s41566-023-01344-4\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1038\/s41566-023-01344-4\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038%2Fs41566-023-01344-4\" aria-label=\"Article reference 3\" data-doi=\"10.1038\/s41566-023-01344-4\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2024NaPho..18..186X\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 3\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 3\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Dipole%E2%80%93dipole-interaction-assisted%20self-assembly%20of%20quantum%20dots%20for%20highly%20efficient%20light-emitting%20diodes&amp;journal=Nat.%20Photonics&amp;doi=10.1038%2Fs41566-023-01344-4&amp;volume=18&amp;pages=186-191&amp;publication_year=2024&amp;author=Xu%2CH\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR4\">Utzat, H. et al. Coherent single-photon emission from colloidal lead halide perovskite quantum dots. Science 363, 1068\u20131072 (2019).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1126\/science.aau7392\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1126\/science.aau7392\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126%2Fscience.aau7392\" aria-label=\"Article reference 4\" data-doi=\"10.1126\/science.aau7392\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2019Sci...363.1068U\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 4\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 4\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Coherent%20single-photon%20emission%20from%20colloidal%20lead%20halide%20perovskite%20quantum%20dots&amp;journal=Science&amp;doi=10.1126%2Fscience.aau7392&amp;volume=363&amp;pages=1068-1072&amp;publication_year=2019&amp;author=Utzat%2CH\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR5\">Gonz\u00e1lez-Tudela, A., Reiserer, A., Garc\u00eda-Ripoll, J. J. &amp; Garc\u00eda-Vidal, F. J. Light\u2013matter interactions in quantum nanophotonic devices. Nat. Rev. Phys. 6, 166\u2013179 (2024).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1038\/s42254-023-00681-1\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1038\/s42254-023-00681-1\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038%2Fs42254-023-00681-1\" aria-label=\"Article reference 5\" data-doi=\"10.1038\/s42254-023-00681-1\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 5\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Light%E2%80%93matter%20interactions%20in%20quantum%20nanophotonic%20devices&amp;journal=Nat.%20Rev.%20Phys.&amp;doi=10.1038%2Fs42254-023-00681-1&amp;volume=6&amp;pages=166-179&amp;publication_year=2024&amp;author=Gonz%C3%A1lez-Tudela%2CA&amp;author=Reiserer%2CA&amp;author=Garc%C3%ADa-Ripoll%2CJJ&amp;author=Garc%C3%ADa-Vidal%2CFJ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR6\">Ding, X. et al. High-efficiency single-photon source above the loss-tolerant threshold for efficient linear optical quantum computing. Nat. Photonics 19, 387\u2013391 (2025).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1038\/s41566-025-01639-8\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1038\/s41566-025-01639-8\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038%2Fs41566-025-01639-8\" aria-label=\"Article reference 6\" data-doi=\"10.1038\/s41566-025-01639-8\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2025NaPho..19..387D\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 6\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 6\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=High-efficiency%20single-photon%20source%20above%20the%20loss-tolerant%20threshold%20for%20efficient%20linear%20optical%20quantum%20computing&amp;journal=Nat.%20Photonics&amp;doi=10.1038%2Fs41566-025-01639-8&amp;volume=19&amp;pages=387-391&amp;publication_year=2025&amp;author=Ding%2CX\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR7\">Kozlov, O. V. et al. Sub\u2013single-exciton lasing using charged quantum dots coupled to a distributed feedback cavity. Science 365, 672\u2013675 (2019).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1126\/science.aax3489\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1126\/science.aax3489\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126%2Fscience.aax3489\" aria-label=\"Article reference 7\" data-doi=\"10.1126\/science.aax3489\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2019Sci...365..672K\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 7\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 7\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Sub%E2%80%93single-exciton%20lasing%20using%20charged%20quantum%20dots%20coupled%20to%20a%20distributed%20feedback%20cavity&amp;journal=Science&amp;doi=10.1126%2Fscience.aax3489&amp;volume=365&amp;pages=672-675&amp;publication_year=2019&amp;author=Kozlov%2COV\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR8\">Park, Y.-S., Roh, J., Diroll, B. T., Schaller, R. D. &amp; Klimov, V. I. Colloidal quantum dot lasers. Nat. Rev. Mater. 6, 382\u2013401 (2021).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1038\/s41578-020-00274-9\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1038\/s41578-020-00274-9\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038%2Fs41578-020-00274-9\" aria-label=\"Article reference 8\" data-doi=\"10.1038\/s41578-020-00274-9\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 8\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Colloidal%20quantum%20dot%20lasers&amp;journal=Nat.%20Rev.%20Mater.&amp;doi=10.1038%2Fs41578-020-00274-9&amp;volume=6&amp;pages=382-401&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Park%2CY-S&amp;author=Roh%2CJ&amp;author=Diroll%2CBT&amp;author=Schaller%2CRD&amp;author=Klimov%2CVI\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR9\">Fermi, E. Nuclear Physics: A Course given by Enrico Fermi at the University of Chicago (Univ. Chicago Press, 1950).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR10\">Kim, S. et al. Organic light-emitting diodes with 30% external quantum efficiency based on a horizontally oriented emitter. Adv. Funct. Mater. 23, 3896\u20133900 (2013).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1002\/adfm.201300104\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1002\/adfm.201300104\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002%2Fadfm.201300104\" aria-label=\"Article reference 10\" data-doi=\"10.1002\/adfm.201300104\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 10\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Organic%20light-emitting%20diodes%20with%2030%25%20external%20quantum%20efficiency%20based%20on%20a%20horizontally%20oriented%20emitter&amp;journal=Adv.%20Funct.%20Mater.&amp;doi=10.1002%2Fadfm.201300104&amp;volume=23&amp;pages=3896-3900&amp;publication_year=2013&amp;author=Kim%2CS\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR11\">Kim, K. &amp; Kim, J. Origin and control of orientation of phosphorescent and TADF dyes for high-efficiency OLEDs. Adv. Mater. 30, 1705600 (2018).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1002\/adma.201705600\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1002\/adma.201705600\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002%2Fadma.201705600\" aria-label=\"Article reference 11\" data-doi=\"10.1002\/adma.201705600\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2018enc4.book.....K\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 11\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 11\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Origin%20and%20control%20of%20orientation%20of%20phosphorescent%20and%20TADF%20dyes%20for%20high-efficiency%20OLEDs&amp;journal=Adv.%20Mater.&amp;doi=10.1002%2Fadma.201705600&amp;volume=30&amp;publication_year=2018&amp;author=Kim%2CK&amp;author=Kim%2CJ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR12\">Song, Y. et al. Enhanced emission directivity from asymmetrically strained colloidal quantum dots. Sci. Adv. 8, eabl8219 (2022).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1126\/sciadv.abl8219\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1126\/sciadv.abl8219\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126%2Fsciadv.abl8219\" aria-label=\"Article reference 12\" data-doi=\"10.1126\/sciadv.abl8219\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 12\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Enhanced%20emission%20directivity%20from%20asymmetrically%20strained%20colloidal%20quantum%20dots&amp;journal=Sci.%20Adv.&amp;doi=10.1126%2Fsciadv.abl8219&amp;volume=8&amp;publication_year=2022&amp;author=Song%2CY\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR13\">Nam, S., Oh, N., Zhai, Y. &amp; Shim, M. High efficiency and optical anisotropy in double-heterojunction nanorod light-emitting diodes. ACS Nano 9, 878\u2013885 (2015).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1021\/nn506577p\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1021\/nn506577p\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021%2Fnn506577p\" aria-label=\"Article reference 13\" data-doi=\"10.1021\/nn506577p\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 13\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=High%20efficiency%20and%20optical%20anisotropy%20in%20double-heterojunction%20nanorod%20light-emitting%20diodes&amp;journal=ACS%20Nano&amp;doi=10.1021%2Fnn506577p&amp;volume=9&amp;pages=878-885&amp;publication_year=2015&amp;author=Nam%2CS&amp;author=Oh%2CN&amp;author=Zhai%2CY&amp;author=Shim%2CM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR14\">Gao, Y., Weidman, M. C. &amp; Tisdale, W. A. CdSe nanoplatelet films with controlled orientation of their transition dipole moment. Nano Lett. 17, 3837\u20133843 (2017).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.7b01237\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.7b01237\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021%2Facs.nanolett.7b01237\" aria-label=\"Article reference 14\" data-doi=\"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.7b01237\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2017NanoL..17.3837G\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 14\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 14\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=CdSe%20nanoplatelet%20films%20with%20controlled%20orientation%20of%20their%20transition%20dipole%20moment&amp;journal=Nano%20Lett.&amp;doi=10.1021%2Facs.nanolett.7b01237&amp;volume=17&amp;pages=3837-3843&amp;publication_year=2017&amp;author=Gao%2CY&amp;author=Weidman%2CMC&amp;author=Tisdale%2CWA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR15\">Scott, R. et al. Directed emission of CdSe nanoplatelets originating from strongly anisotropic 2D electronic structure. Nat. Nanotechnol. 12, 1155\u20131160 (2017).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1038\/nnano.2017.177\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1038\/nnano.2017.177\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038%2Fnnano.2017.177\" aria-label=\"Article reference 15\" data-doi=\"10.1038\/nnano.2017.177\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2017NatNa..12.1155S\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 15\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 15\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Directed%20emission%20of%20CdSe%20nanoplatelets%20originating%20from%20strongly%20anisotropic%202D%20electronic%20structure&amp;journal=Nat.%20Nanotechnol.&amp;doi=10.1038%2Fnnano.2017.177&amp;volume=12&amp;pages=1155-1160&amp;publication_year=2017&amp;author=Scott%2CR\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR16\">Kumar, S. et al. Anisotropic nanocrystal superlattices overcoming intrinsic light outcoupling efficiency limit in perovskite quantum dot light-emitting diodes. Nat. Commun. 13, 2106 (2022).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1038\/s41467-022-29812-5\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1038\/s41467-022-29812-5\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038%2Fs41467-022-29812-5\" aria-label=\"Article reference 16\" data-doi=\"10.1038\/s41467-022-29812-5\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2022NatCo..13.2106K\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 16\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 16\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Anisotropic%20nanocrystal%20superlattices%20overcoming%20intrinsic%20light%20outcoupling%20efficiency%20limit%20in%20perovskite%20quantum%20dot%20light-emitting%20diodes&amp;journal=Nat.%20Commun.&amp;doi=10.1038%2Fs41467-022-29812-5&amp;volume=13&amp;publication_year=2022&amp;author=Kumar%2CS\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR17\">Walters, G. et al. Directional light emission from layered metal halide perovskite crystals. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 11, 3458\u20133465 (2020).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1021\/acs.jpclett.0c00901\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1021\/acs.jpclett.0c00901\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021%2Facs.jpclett.0c00901\" aria-label=\"Article reference 17\" data-doi=\"10.1021\/acs.jpclett.0c00901\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 17\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Directional%20light%20emission%20from%20layered%20metal%20halide%20perovskite%20crystals&amp;journal=J.%20Phys.%20Chem.%20Lett.&amp;doi=10.1021%2Facs.jpclett.0c00901&amp;volume=11&amp;pages=3458-3465&amp;publication_year=2020&amp;author=Walters%2CG\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR18\">Cinquino, M. et al. Managing growth and dimensionality of quasi 2D perovskite single-crystalline flakes for tunable excitons orientation. Adv. Mater. 33, 2102326 (2021).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1002\/adma.202102326\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1002\/adma.202102326\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002%2Fadma.202102326\" aria-label=\"Article reference 18\" data-doi=\"10.1002\/adma.202102326\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 18\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Managing%20growth%20and%20dimensionality%20of%20quasi%202D%20perovskite%20single-crystalline%20flakes%20for%20tunable%20excitons%20orientation&amp;journal=Adv.%20Mater.&amp;doi=10.1002%2Fadma.202102326&amp;volume=33&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Cinquino%2CM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR19\">Efros, A.lL. et al. Band-edge exciton in quantum dots of semiconductors with a degenerate valence band: Dark and bright exciton states. Phys. Rev. B 54, 4843\u20134856 (1996).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1103\/PhysRevB.54.4843\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1103\/PhysRevB.54.4843\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1103%2FPhysRevB.54.4843\" aria-label=\"Article reference 19\" data-doi=\"10.1103\/PhysRevB.54.4843\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=1996PhRvB..54.4843E\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 19\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 19\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Band-edge%20exciton%20in%20quantum%20dots%20of%20semiconductors%20with%20a%20degenerate%20valence%20band%3A%20Dark%20and%20bright%20exciton%20states&amp;journal=Phys.%20Rev.%20B&amp;doi=10.1103%2FPhysRevB.54.4843&amp;volume=54&amp;pages=4843-4856&amp;publication_year=1996&amp;author=Efros%2CAlL\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR20\">Efros, A.lL. &amp; Rosen, M. The electronic structure of semiconductor nanocrystals. Annu. Rev. Mater. Sci. 30, 475\u2013521 (2000).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1146\/annurev.matsci.30.1.475\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1146\/annurev.matsci.30.1.475\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146%2Fannurev.matsci.30.1.475\" aria-label=\"Article reference 20\" data-doi=\"10.1146\/annurev.matsci.30.1.475\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2000AnRMS..30..475E\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 20\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 20\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=The%20electronic%20structure%20of%20semiconductor%20nanocrystals&amp;journal=Annu.%20Rev.%20Mater.%20Sci.&amp;doi=10.1146%2Fannurev.matsci.30.1.475&amp;volume=30&amp;pages=475-521&amp;publication_year=2000&amp;author=Efros%2CAlL&amp;author=Rosen%2CM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR21\">Yeh, C.-Y., Lu, Z. W., Froyen, S. &amp; Zunger, A. Zinc-blende\u2013wurtzite polytypism in semiconductors. Phys. Rev. B 46, 10086\u201310097 (1992).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1103\/PhysRevB.46.10086\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1103\/PhysRevB.46.10086\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1103%2FPhysRevB.46.10086\" aria-label=\"Article reference 21\" data-doi=\"10.1103\/PhysRevB.46.10086\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=1992PhRvB..4610086Y\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 21\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 21\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Zinc-blende%E2%80%93wurtzite%20polytypism%20in%20semiconductors&amp;journal=Phys.%20Rev.%20B&amp;doi=10.1103%2FPhysRevB.46.10086&amp;volume=46&amp;pages=10086-10097&amp;publication_year=1992&amp;author=Yeh%2CC-Y&amp;author=Lu%2CZW&amp;author=Froyen%2CS&amp;author=Zunger%2CA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR22\">Vurgaftman, I., Meyer, J. R. &amp; Ram-Mohan, L. R. Band parameters for III\u2013V compound semiconductors and their alloys. J. Appl. Phys. 89, 5815\u20135875 (2001).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1063\/1.1368156\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1063\/1.1368156\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063%2F1.1368156\" aria-label=\"Article reference 22\" data-doi=\"10.1063\/1.1368156\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2001JAP....89.5815V\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 22\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 22\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Band%20parameters%20for%20III%E2%80%93V%20compound%20semiconductors%20and%20their%20alloys&amp;journal=J.%20Appl.%20Phys.&amp;doi=10.1063%2F1.1368156&amp;volume=89&amp;pages=5815-5875&amp;publication_year=2001&amp;author=Vurgaftman%2CI&amp;author=Meyer%2CJR&amp;author=Ram-Mohan%2CLR\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR23\">Won, Y.-H. et al. Highly efficient and stable InP\/ZnSe\/ZnS quantum dot light-emitting diodes. Nature 575, 634\u2013638 (2019).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1038\/s41586-019-1771-5\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1038\/s41586-019-1771-5\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038%2Fs41586-019-1771-5\" aria-label=\"Article reference 23\" data-doi=\"10.1038\/s41586-019-1771-5\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2019Natur.575..634W\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 23\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 23\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Highly%20efficient%20and%20stable%20InP%2FZnSe%2FZnS%20quantum%20dot%20light-emitting%20diodes&amp;journal=Nature&amp;doi=10.1038%2Fs41586-019-1771-5&amp;volume=575&amp;pages=634-638&amp;publication_year=2019&amp;author=Won%2CY-H\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR24\">Kim, T. et al. Efficient and stable blue quantum dot light-emitting diode. Nature 586, 385\u2013389 (2020).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1038\/s41586-020-2791-x\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1038\/s41586-020-2791-x\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038%2Fs41586-020-2791-x\" aria-label=\"Article reference 24\" data-doi=\"10.1038\/s41586-020-2791-x\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2020Natur.586..385K\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 24\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 24\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Efficient%20and%20stable%20blue%20quantum%20dot%20light-emitting%20diode&amp;journal=Nature&amp;doi=10.1038%2Fs41586-020-2791-x&amp;volume=586&amp;pages=385-389&amp;publication_year=2020&amp;author=Kim%2CT\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR25\">Wu, Q. et al. Homogeneous ZnSeTeS quantum dots for efficient and stable pure-blue LEDs. Nature 639, 633\u2013638 (2025).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1038\/s41586-025-08645-4\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1038\/s41586-025-08645-4\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038%2Fs41586-025-08645-4\" aria-label=\"Article reference 25\" data-doi=\"10.1038\/s41586-025-08645-4\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2025Natur.639..633W\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 25\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 25\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Homogeneous%20ZnSeTeS%20quantum%20dots%20for%20efficient%20and%20stable%20pure-blue%20LEDs&amp;journal=Nature&amp;doi=10.1038%2Fs41586-025-08645-4&amp;volume=639&amp;pages=633-638&amp;publication_year=2025&amp;author=Wu%2CQ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR26\">Deng, Y. et al. Solution-processed green and blue quantum-dot light-emitting diodes with eliminated charge leakage. Nat. Photonics 16, 505\u2013511 (2022).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1038\/s41566-022-00999-9\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1038\/s41566-022-00999-9\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038%2Fs41566-022-00999-9\" aria-label=\"Article reference 26\" data-doi=\"10.1038\/s41566-022-00999-9\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2022NaPho..16..505D\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 26\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 26\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Solution-processed%20green%20and%20blue%20quantum-dot%20light-emitting%20diodes%20with%20eliminated%20charge%20leakage&amp;journal=Nat.%20Photonics&amp;doi=10.1038%2Fs41566-022-00999-9&amp;volume=16&amp;pages=505-511&amp;publication_year=2022&amp;author=Deng%2CY\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR27\">Zhang, W. et al. Stable and efficient pure blue quantum-dot LEDs enabled by inserting an anti-oxidation layer. Nat. Commun. 15, 783 (2024).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1038\/s41467-024-44894-z\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1038\/s41467-024-44894-z\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038%2Fs41467-024-44894-z\" aria-label=\"Article reference 27\" data-doi=\"10.1038\/s41467-024-44894-z\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2024NatCo..15..783Z\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 27\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 27\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Stable%20and%20efficient%20pure%20blue%20quantum-dot%20LEDs%20enabled%20by%20inserting%20an%20anti-oxidation%20layer&amp;journal=Nat.%20Commun.&amp;doi=10.1038%2Fs41467-024-44894-z&amp;volume=15&amp;publication_year=2024&amp;author=Zhang%2CW\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR28\">Bian, Y. et al. Efficient green InP-based QD-LED by controlling electron injection and leakage. Nature 635, 854\u2013859 (2024).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1038\/s41586-024-08197-z\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1038\/s41586-024-08197-z\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038%2Fs41586-024-08197-z\" aria-label=\"Article reference 28\" data-doi=\"10.1038\/s41586-024-08197-z\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2024Natur.635..854B\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 28\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 28\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Efficient%20green%20InP-based%20QD-LED%20by%20controlling%20electron%20injection%20and%20leakage&amp;journal=Nature&amp;doi=10.1038%2Fs41586-024-08197-z&amp;volume=635&amp;pages=854-859&amp;publication_year=2024&amp;author=Bian%2CY\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR29\">Peng, X., Schlamp, M. C., Kadavanich, A. V. &amp; Alivisatos, A. P. Epitaxial growth of highly luminescent CdSe\/CdS core\/shell nanocrystals with photostability and electronic accessibility. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 119, 7019\u20137029 (1997).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1021\/ja970754m\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1021\/ja970754m\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021%2Fja970754m\" aria-label=\"Article reference 29\" data-doi=\"10.1021\/ja970754m\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=1997JAChS.119.7019P\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 29\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 29\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Epitaxial%20growth%20of%20highly%20luminescent%20CdSe%2FCdS%20core%2Fshell%20nanocrystals%20with%20photostability%20and%20electronic%20accessibility&amp;journal=J.%20Am.%20Chem.%20Soc.&amp;doi=10.1021%2Fja970754m&amp;volume=119&amp;pages=7019-7029&amp;publication_year=1997&amp;author=Peng%2CX&amp;author=Schlamp%2CMC&amp;author=Kadavanich%2CAV&amp;author=Alivisatos%2CAP\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR30\">Wang, L. et al. Tuning the crystal structure of the epitaxial CdS shells on zinc-blende CdSe nanocrystals: lattice defects and electronic traps. Chem. Mater. 34, 8297\u20138305 (2022).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1021\/acs.chemmater.2c01835\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1021\/acs.chemmater.2c01835\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021%2Facs.chemmater.2c01835\" aria-label=\"Article reference 30\" data-doi=\"10.1021\/acs.chemmater.2c01835\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 30\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Tuning%20the%20crystal%20structure%20of%20the%20epitaxial%20CdS%20shells%20on%20zinc-blende%20CdSe%20nanocrystals%3A%20lattice%20defects%20and%20electronic%20traps&amp;journal=Chem.%20Mater.&amp;doi=10.1021%2Facs.chemmater.2c01835&amp;volume=34&amp;pages=8297-8305&amp;publication_year=2022&amp;author=Wang%2CL\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR31\">Zhou, X. et al. Selective formation of monodisperse right trigonal-bipyramidal and cube-shaped CdSe nanocrystals: stacking faults and facet-ligand pairing. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 145, 23238\u201323248 (2023).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1021\/jacs.3c07949\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1021\/jacs.3c07949\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021%2Fjacs.3c07949\" aria-label=\"Article reference 31\" data-doi=\"10.1021\/jacs.3c07949\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2023JAChS.14523238Z\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 31\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 31\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Selective%20formation%20of%20monodisperse%20right%20trigonal-bipyramidal%20and%20cube-shaped%20CdSe%20nanocrystals%3A%20stacking%20faults%20and%20facet-ligand%20pairing&amp;journal=J.%20Am.%20Chem.%20Soc.&amp;doi=10.1021%2Fjacs.3c07949&amp;volume=145&amp;pages=23238-23248&amp;publication_year=2023&amp;author=Zhou%2CX\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR32\">Wang, L.-W. Effects of stacking faults on the electronic structures of quantum rods. J. Comput. Theor. Nanosci. 1, 298\u2013302 (2004).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1166\/jctn.2004.025\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1166\/jctn.2004.025\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1166%2Fjctn.2004.025\" aria-label=\"Article reference 32\" data-doi=\"10.1166\/jctn.2004.025\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 32\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Effects%20of%20stacking%20faults%20on%20the%20electronic%20structures%20of%20quantum%20rods&amp;journal=J.%20Comput.%20Theor.%20Nanosci.&amp;doi=10.1166%2Fjctn.2004.025&amp;volume=1&amp;pages=298-302&amp;publication_year=2004&amp;author=Wang%2CL-W\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR33\">Bester, G. &amp; Zunger, A. Cylindrically shaped zinc-blende semiconductor quantum dots do not have cylindrical symmetry: atomistic symmetry, atomic relaxation, and piezoelectric effects. Phys. Rev. B 71, 45318 (2005).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1103\/PhysRevB.71.045318\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1103\/PhysRevB.71.045318\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1103%2FPhysRevB.71.045318\" aria-label=\"Article reference 33\" data-doi=\"10.1103\/PhysRevB.71.045318\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2005PhRvB..71d5318B\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 33\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 33\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Cylindrically%20shaped%20zinc-blende%20semiconductor%20quantum%20dots%20do%20not%20have%20cylindrical%20symmetry%3A%20atomistic%20symmetry%2C%20atomic%20relaxation%2C%20and%20piezoelectric%20effects&amp;journal=Phys.%20Rev.%20B&amp;doi=10.1103%2FPhysRevB.71.045318&amp;volume=71&amp;publication_year=2005&amp;author=Bester%2CG&amp;author=Zunger%2CA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR34\">Karlsson, K. F. et al. Fine structure of exciton complexes in high-symmetry quantum dots: effects of symmetry breaking and symmetry elevation. Phys. Rev. B 81, 161307 (2010).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1103\/PhysRevB.81.161307\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1103\/PhysRevB.81.161307\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1103%2FPhysRevB.81.161307\" aria-label=\"Article reference 34\" data-doi=\"10.1103\/PhysRevB.81.161307\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2010PhRvB..81p1307K\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 34\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 34\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Fine%20structure%20of%20exciton%20complexes%20in%20high-symmetry%20quantum%20dots%3A%20effects%20of%20symmetry%20breaking%20and%20symmetry%20elevation&amp;journal=Phys.%20Rev.%20B&amp;doi=10.1103%2FPhysRevB.81.161307&amp;volume=81&amp;publication_year=2010&amp;author=Karlsson%2CKF\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR35\">Nan, W. et al. Crystal structure control of zinc-blende CdSe\/CdS core\/shell nanocrystals: synthesis and structure-dependent optical properties. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 134, 19685\u201319693 (2012).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1021\/ja306651x\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1021\/ja306651x\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021%2Fja306651x\" aria-label=\"Article reference 35\" data-doi=\"10.1021\/ja306651x\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2012JAChS.13419685N\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 35\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 35\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Crystal%20structure%20control%20of%20zinc-blende%20CdSe%2FCdS%20core%2Fshell%20nanocrystals%3A%20synthesis%20and%20structure-dependent%20optical%20properties&amp;journal=J.%20Am.%20Chem.%20Soc.&amp;doi=10.1021%2Fja306651x&amp;volume=134&amp;pages=19685-19693&amp;publication_year=2012&amp;author=Nan%2CW\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR36\">B\u00f6hmer, M. &amp; Enderlein, J. Orientation imaging of single molecules by wide-field epifluorescence microscopy. J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 20, 554 (2003).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1364\/JOSAB.20.000554\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1364\/JOSAB.20.000554\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364%2FJOSAB.20.000554\" aria-label=\"Article reference 36\" data-doi=\"10.1364\/JOSAB.20.000554\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2003OSAJB..20..554B\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 36\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 36\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Orientation%20imaging%20of%20single%20molecules%20by%20wide-field%20epifluorescence%20microscopy&amp;journal=J.%20Opt.%20Soc.%20Am.%20B&amp;doi=10.1364%2FJOSAB.20.000554&amp;volume=20&amp;publication_year=2003&amp;author=B%C3%B6hmer%2CM&amp;author=Enderlein%2CJ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR37\">Patra, D., Gregor, I., Enderlein, J. &amp; Sauer, M. Defocused imaging of quantum-dot angular distribution of radiation. Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 101103 (2005).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1063\/1.2037194\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1063\/1.2037194\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063%2F1.2037194\" aria-label=\"Article reference 37\" data-doi=\"10.1063\/1.2037194\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2005ApPhL..87j1103P\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 37\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 37\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Defocused%20imaging%20of%20quantum-dot%20angular%20distribution%20of%20radiation&amp;journal=Appl.%20Phys.%20Lett.&amp;doi=10.1063%2F1.2037194&amp;volume=87&amp;publication_year=2005&amp;author=Patra%2CD&amp;author=Gregor%2CI&amp;author=Enderlein%2CJ&amp;author=Sauer%2CM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR38\">Boles, M. A., Engel, M. &amp; Talapin, D. V. Self-assembly of colloidal nanocrystals: from intricate structures to functional materials. Chem. Rev. 116, 11220\u201311289 (2016).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.6b00196\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.6b00196\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021%2Facs.chemrev.6b00196\" aria-label=\"Article reference 38\" data-doi=\"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.6b00196\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 38\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Self-assembly%20of%20colloidal%20nanocrystals%3A%20from%20intricate%20structures%20to%20functional%20materials&amp;journal=Chem.%20Rev.&amp;doi=10.1021%2Facs.chemrev.6b00196&amp;volume=116&amp;pages=11220-11289&amp;publication_year=2016&amp;author=Boles%2CMA&amp;author=Engel%2CM&amp;author=Talapin%2CDV\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR39\">Shim, M. &amp; Guyot-Sionnest, P. Permanent dipole moment and charges in colloidal semiconductor quantum dots. J. Chem. Phys. 111, 6955\u20136964 (1999).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1063\/1.479988\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1063\/1.479988\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063%2F1.479988\" aria-label=\"Article reference 39\" data-doi=\"10.1063\/1.479988\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=1999JChPh.111.6955S\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 39\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 39\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Permanent%20dipole%20moment%20and%20charges%20in%20colloidal%20semiconductor%20quantum%20dots&amp;journal=J.%20Chem.%20Phys.&amp;doi=10.1063%2F1.479988&amp;volume=111&amp;pages=6955-6964&amp;publication_year=1999&amp;author=Shim%2CM&amp;author=Guyot-Sionnest%2CP\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR40\">Nann, T. &amp; Schneider, J. Origin of permanent electric dipole moments in wurtzite nanocrystals. Chem. Phys. Lett. 384, 150\u2013152 (2004).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.cplett.2003.12.017\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/j.cplett.2003.12.017\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.cplett.2003.12.017\" aria-label=\"Article reference 40\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/j.cplett.2003.12.017\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2004CPL...384..150N\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 40\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 40\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Origin%20of%20permanent%20electric%20dipole%20moments%20in%20wurtzite%20nanocrystals&amp;journal=Chem.%20Phys.%20Lett.&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.cplett.2003.12.017&amp;volume=384&amp;pages=150-152&amp;publication_year=2004&amp;author=Nann%2CT&amp;author=Schneider%2CJ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR41\">Shen, H. et al. Visible quantum dot light-emitting diodes with simultaneous high brightness and efficiency. Nat. Photonics 13, 192\u2013197 (2019).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1038\/s41566-019-0364-z\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1038\/s41566-019-0364-z\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038%2Fs41566-019-0364-z\" aria-label=\"Article reference 41\" data-doi=\"10.1038\/s41566-019-0364-z\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2019NaPho..13..192S\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 41\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 41\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Visible%20quantum%20dot%20light-emitting%20diodes%20with%20simultaneous%20high%20brightness%20and%20efficiency&amp;journal=Nat.%20Photonics&amp;doi=10.1038%2Fs41566-019-0364-z&amp;volume=13&amp;pages=192-197&amp;publication_year=2019&amp;author=Shen%2CH\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR42\">Moon, H. et al. Composition-tailored ZnMgO nanoparticles for electron transport layers of highly efficient and bright InP-based quantum dot light emitting diodes. Chem. Commun. 55, 13299\u201313302 (2019).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1039\/C9CC06882A\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1039\/C9CC06882A\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039%2FC9CC06882A\" aria-label=\"Article reference 42\" data-doi=\"10.1039\/C9CC06882A\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 42\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Composition-tailored%20ZnMgO%20nanoparticles%20for%20electron%20transport%20layers%20of%20highly%20efficient%20and%20bright%20InP-based%20quantum%20dot%20light%20emitting%20diodes&amp;journal=Chem.%20Commun.&amp;doi=10.1039%2FC9CC06882A&amp;volume=55&amp;pages=13299-13302&amp;publication_year=2019&amp;author=Moon%2CH\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR43\">Iwasaki, Y., Motomura, G., Ogura, K. &amp; Tsuzuki, T. Efficient green InP quantum dot light-emitting diodes using suitable organic electron-transporting materials. Appl. Phys. Lett. 117, 111104 (2020).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1063\/5.0020742\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1063\/5.0020742\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063%2F5.0020742\" aria-label=\"Article reference 43\" data-doi=\"10.1063\/5.0020742\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2020ApPhL.117k1104I\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 43\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 43\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Efficient%20green%20InP%20quantum%20dot%20light-emitting%20diodes%20using%20suitable%20organic%20electron-transporting%20materials&amp;journal=Appl.%20Phys.%20Lett.&amp;doi=10.1063%2F5.0020742&amp;volume=117&amp;publication_year=2020&amp;author=Iwasaki%2CY&amp;author=Motomura%2CG&amp;author=Ogura%2CK&amp;author=Tsuzuki%2CT\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR44\">Chao, W.-C. et al. High efficiency green InP quantum dot light-emitting diodes by balancing electron and hole mobility. Commun. Mater. 2, 96 (2021).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1038\/s43246-021-00203-5\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1038\/s43246-021-00203-5\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038%2Fs43246-021-00203-5\" aria-label=\"Article reference 44\" data-doi=\"10.1038\/s43246-021-00203-5\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 44\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=High%20efficiency%20green%20InP%20quantum%20dot%20light-emitting%20diodes%20by%20balancing%20electron%20and%20hole%20mobility&amp;journal=Commun.%20Mater.&amp;doi=10.1038%2Fs43246-021-00203-5&amp;volume=2&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Chao%2CW-C\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR45\">Yu, P. et al. Highly efficient green InP-based quantum dot light-emitting diodes regulated by inner alloyed shell component. Light Sci. Appl. 11, 162 (2022).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1038\/s41377-022-00855-z\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1038\/s41377-022-00855-z\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038%2Fs41377-022-00855-z\" aria-label=\"Article reference 45\" data-doi=\"10.1038\/s41377-022-00855-z\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2022LSA....11..162Y\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 45\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 45\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Highly%20efficient%20green%20InP-based%20quantum%20dot%20light-emitting%20diodes%20regulated%20by%20inner%20alloyed%20shell%20component&amp;journal=Light%20Sci.%20Appl.&amp;doi=10.1038%2Fs41377-022-00855-z&amp;volume=11&amp;publication_year=2022&amp;author=Yu%2CP\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR46\">Chen, M. et al. High-efficiency and stable green InP-QLED enabled by lowering electron injection barrier. Adv. Opt. Mater. 13, 2402555 (2025).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1002\/adom.202402555\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1002\/adom.202402555\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002%2Fadom.202402555\" aria-label=\"Article reference 46\" data-doi=\"10.1002\/adom.202402555\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 46\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=High-efficiency%20and%20stable%20green%20InP-QLED%20enabled%20by%20lowering%20electron%20injection%20barrier&amp;journal=Adv.%20Opt.%20Mater.&amp;doi=10.1002%2Fadom.202402555&amp;volume=13&amp;publication_year=2025&amp;author=Chen%2CM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR47\">Moon, H. &amp; Chae, H. Efficiency enhancement of all-solution-processed inverted-structure green quantum dot light-emitting diodes via partial ligand exchange with thiophenol derivatives having negative dipole moment. Adv. Opt. Mater. 8, 1901314 (2020).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1002\/adom.201901314\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1002\/adom.201901314\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002%2Fadom.201901314\" aria-label=\"Article reference 47\" data-doi=\"10.1002\/adom.201901314\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 47\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Efficiency%20enhancement%20of%20all-solution-processed%20inverted-structure%20green%20quantum%20dot%20light-emitting%20diodes%20via%20partial%20ligand%20exchange%20with%20thiophenol%20derivatives%20having%20negative%20dipole%20moment&amp;journal=Adv.%20Opt.%20Mater.&amp;doi=10.1002%2Fadom.201901314&amp;volume=8&amp;publication_year=2020&amp;author=Moon%2CH&amp;author=Chae%2CH\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR48\">Fan, X. et al. An efficient green-emitting quantum dot with near-unity quantum yield and suppressed auger recombination for high-performance light-emitting diodes. Chem. Eng. J. 461, 142027 (2023).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.cej.2023.142027\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/j.cej.2023.142027\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.cej.2023.142027\" aria-label=\"Article reference 48\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/j.cej.2023.142027\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 48\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=An%20efficient%20green-emitting%20quantum%20dot%20with%20near-unity%20quantum%20yield%20and%20suppressed%20auger%20recombination%20for%20high-performance%20light-emitting%20diodes&amp;journal=Chem.%20Eng.%20J.&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.cej.2023.142027&amp;volume=461&amp;publication_year=2023&amp;author=Fan%2CX\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR49\">Luo, X. et al. Shelf-stable green and blue quantum dot light-emitting diodes with high efficiencies. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 15, 6722\u20136727 (2024).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1021\/acs.jpclett.4c01594\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1021\/acs.jpclett.4c01594\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021%2Facs.jpclett.4c01594\" aria-label=\"Article reference 49\" data-doi=\"10.1021\/acs.jpclett.4c01594\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 49\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Shelf-stable%20green%20and%20blue%20quantum%20dot%20light-emitting%20diodes%20with%20high%20efficiencies&amp;journal=J.%20Phys.%20Chem.%20Lett.&amp;doi=10.1021%2Facs.jpclett.4c01594&amp;volume=15&amp;pages=6722-6727&amp;publication_year=2024&amp;author=Luo%2CX\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR50\">Liu, B.-C. et al. Highly orientated asymmetrically strained CdZnSeS\/ZnSeS\/ZnS\/CdZnS quantum dots for efficient green light-emitting diodes. Nano Energy 140, 110982 (2025).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2025.110982\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2025.110982\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.nanoen.2025.110982\" aria-label=\"Article reference 50\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2025.110982\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 50\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Highly%20orientated%20asymmetrically%20strained%20CdZnSeS%2FZnSeS%2FZnS%2FCdZnS%20quantum%20dots%20for%20efficient%20green%20light-emitting%20diodes&amp;journal=Nano%20Energy&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.nanoen.2025.110982&amp;volume=140&amp;publication_year=2025&amp;author=Liu%2CB-C\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR51\">Patra, D., Gregor, I. &amp; Enderlein, J. Image analysis of defocused single-molecule images for three-dimensional molecule orientation studies. J. Phys. Chem. A 108, 6836\u20136841 (2004).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1021\/jp048188m\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1021\/jp048188m\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021%2Fjp048188m\" aria-label=\"Article reference 51\" data-doi=\"10.1021\/jp048188m\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 51\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Image%20analysis%20of%20defocused%20single-molecule%20images%20for%20three-dimensional%20molecule%20orientation%20studies&amp;journal=J.%20Phys.%20Chem.%20A&amp;doi=10.1021%2Fjp048188m&amp;volume=108&amp;pages=6836-6841&amp;publication_year=2004&amp;author=Patra%2CD&amp;author=Gregor%2CI&amp;author=Enderlein%2CJ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR52\">Thompson, A. P. et al. LAMMPS \u2013 a flexible simulation tool for particle-based materials modeling at the atomic, meso, and continuum scales. Comput. Phys. Commun. 271, 108171 (2022).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.cpc.2021.108171\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/j.cpc.2021.108171\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.cpc.2021.108171\" aria-label=\"Article reference 52\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/j.cpc.2021.108171\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 52\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=LAMMPS%20%E2%80%93%20a%20flexible%20simulation%20tool%20for%20particle-based%20materials%20modeling%20at%20the%20atomic%2C%20meso%2C%20and%20continuum%20scales&amp;journal=Comput.%20Phys.%20Commun.&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.cpc.2021.108171&amp;volume=271&amp;publication_year=2022&amp;author=Thompson%2CAP\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR53\">Stukowski, A. Visualization and analysis of atomistic simulation data with OVITO\u2014the Open Visualization Tool. Model. Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng. 18, 015012 (2010).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1088\/0965-0393\/18\/1\/015012\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1088\/0965-0393\/18\/1\/015012\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088%2F0965-0393%2F18%2F1%2F015012\" aria-label=\"Article reference 53\" data-doi=\"10.1088\/0965-0393\/18\/1\/015012\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2010MSMSE..18a5012S\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 53\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 53\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Visualization%20and%20analysis%20of%20atomistic%20simulation%20data%20with%20OVITO%E2%80%94the%20Open%20Visualization%20Tool&amp;journal=Model.%20Simul.%20Mater.%20Sci.%20Eng.&amp;doi=10.1088%2F0965-0393%2F18%2F1%2F015012&amp;volume=18&amp;publication_year=2010&amp;author=Stukowski%2CA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR54\">TURBOMOLE V7.3 2018, a development of University of Karlsruhe and Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH, 1989\u20132007, TURBOMOLE GmbH, since 2007. TURBOMOLE <a href=\"http:\/\/www.turbomole.com\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"http:\/\/www.turbomole.com\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/www.turbomole.com<\/a> (2018).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR55\">Perdew, J. P., Burke, K. &amp; Ernzerhof, M. Generalized gradient approximation made simple. Phys. Rev. Lett. 77, 3865\u20133868 (1996).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.77.3865\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.77.3865\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1103%2FPhysRevLett.77.3865\" aria-label=\"Article reference 55\" data-doi=\"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.77.3865\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=1996PhRvL..77.3865P\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 55\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 55\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Generalized%20gradient%20approximation%20made%20simple&amp;journal=Phys.%20Rev.%20Lett.&amp;doi=10.1103%2FPhysRevLett.77.3865&amp;volume=77&amp;pages=3865-3868&amp;publication_year=1996&amp;author=Perdew%2CJP&amp;author=Burke%2CK&amp;author=Ernzerhof%2CM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR56\">Weigend, F. &amp; Ahlrichs, R. Balanced basis sets of split valence, triple zeta valence and quadruple zeta valence quality for H to Rn: design and assessment of accuracy. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 7, 3297\u20133305 (2005).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1039\/b508541a\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1039\/b508541a\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039%2Fb508541a\" aria-label=\"Article reference 56\" data-doi=\"10.1039\/b508541a\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 56\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Balanced%20basis%20sets%20of%20split%20valence%2C%20triple%20zeta%20valence%20and%20quadruple%20zeta%20valence%20quality%20for%20H%20to%20Rn%3A%20design%20and%20assessment%20of%20accuracy&amp;journal=Phys.%20Chem.%20Chem.%20Phys.&amp;doi=10.1039%2Fb508541a&amp;volume=7&amp;pages=3297-3305&amp;publication_year=2005&amp;author=Weigend%2CF&amp;author=Ahlrichs%2CR\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR57\">Weigend, F. Accurate Coulomb-fitting basis sets for H to Rn. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 8, 1057\u20131065 (2006).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1039\/b515623h\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1039\/b515623h\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039%2Fb515623h\" aria-label=\"Article reference 57\" data-doi=\"10.1039\/b515623h\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 57\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Accurate%20Coulomb-fitting%20basis%20sets%20for%20H%20to%20Rn&amp;journal=Phys.%20Chem.%20Chem.%20Phys.&amp;doi=10.1039%2Fb515623h&amp;volume=8&amp;pages=1057-1065&amp;publication_year=2006&amp;author=Weigend%2CF\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR58\">Stephens, P. J., Devlin, F. J., Chabalowski, C. F. &amp; Frisch, M. J. Ab initio calculation of vibrational absorption and circular dichroism spectra using density functional force fields. J. Phys. Chem. 98, 11623\u201311627 (1994).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1021\/j100096a001\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1021\/j100096a001\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021%2Fj100096a001\" aria-label=\"Article reference 58\" data-doi=\"10.1021\/j100096a001\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=1994JPhCh..9811623S\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 58\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 58\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Ab%20initio%20calculation%20of%20vibrational%20absorption%20and%20circular%20dichroism%20spectra%20using%20density%20functional%20force%20fields&amp;journal=J.%20Phys.%20Chem.&amp;doi=10.1021%2Fj100096a001&amp;volume=98&amp;pages=11623-11627&amp;publication_year=1994&amp;author=Stephens%2CPJ&amp;author=Devlin%2CFJ&amp;author=Chabalowski%2CCF&amp;author=Frisch%2CMJ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR59\">Hens, Z., Llusar, J. &amp; Infante, I. Fuzzy band structure of quantum dots by bloch orbital expansion: unconventional insights into geometric-electronic structure relations. ACS Nano 19, 8227\u20138237 (2025).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1021\/acsnano.4c17941\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1021\/acsnano.4c17941\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021%2Facsnano.4c17941\" aria-label=\"Article reference 59\" data-doi=\"10.1021\/acsnano.4c17941\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 59\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Fuzzy%20band%20structure%20of%20quantum%20dots%20by%20bloch%20orbital%20expansion%3A%20unconventional%20insights%20into%20geometric-electronic%20structure%20relations&amp;journal=ACS%20Nano&amp;doi=10.1021%2Facsnano.4c17941&amp;volume=19&amp;pages=8227-8237&amp;publication_year=2025&amp;author=Hens%2CZ&amp;author=Llusar%2CJ&amp;author=Infante%2CI\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR60\">Kresse, G. &amp; Furthm\u00fcller, J. Efficient iterative schemes for ab initio total-energy calculations using a plane-wave basis set. Phys. Rev. B 54, 11169\u201311186 (1996).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1103\/PhysRevB.54.11169\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1103\/PhysRevB.54.11169\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1103%2FPhysRevB.54.11169\" aria-label=\"Article reference 60\" data-doi=\"10.1103\/PhysRevB.54.11169\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=1996PhRvB..5411169K\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 60\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 60\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Efficient%20iterative%20schemes%20for%20ab%20initio%20total-energy%20calculations%20using%20a%20plane-wave%20basis%20set&amp;journal=Phys.%20Rev.%20B&amp;doi=10.1103%2FPhysRevB.54.11169&amp;volume=54&amp;pages=11169-11186&amp;publication_year=1996&amp;author=Kresse%2CG&amp;author=Furthm%C3%BCller%2CJ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR61\">Kresse, G. &amp; Joubert, D. From ultrasoft pseudopotentials to the projector augmented-wave method. Phys. Rev. B 59, 1758\u20131775 (1999).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1103\/PhysRevB.59.1758\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1103\/PhysRevB.59.1758\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1103%2FPhysRevB.59.1758\" aria-label=\"Article reference 61\" data-doi=\"10.1103\/PhysRevB.59.1758\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=1999PhRvB..59.1758K\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 61\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 61\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=From%20ultrasoft%20pseudopotentials%20to%20the%20projector%20augmented-wave%20method&amp;journal=Phys.%20Rev.%20B&amp;doi=10.1103%2FPhysRevB.59.1758&amp;volume=59&amp;pages=1758-1775&amp;publication_year=1999&amp;author=Kresse%2CG&amp;author=Joubert%2CD\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR62\">Bl\u00f6chl, P. E. Projector augmented-wave method. Phys. Rev. B 50, 17953\u201317979 (1994).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1103\/PhysRevB.50.17953\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1103\/PhysRevB.50.17953\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1103%2FPhysRevB.50.17953\" aria-label=\"Article reference 62\" data-doi=\"10.1103\/PhysRevB.50.17953\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=1994PhRvB..5017953B\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 62\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 62\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Projector%20augmented-wave%20method&amp;journal=Phys.%20Rev.%20B&amp;doi=10.1103%2FPhysRevB.50.17953&amp;volume=50&amp;pages=17953-17979&amp;publication_year=1994&amp;author=Bl%C3%B6chl%2CPE\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR63\">Rempel, J. Y., Trout, B. L., Bawendi, M. G. &amp; Jensen, K. F. Density functional theory study of ligand binding on CdSe (0001), (0001\u0304), and (112\u03040) single crystal relaxed and reconstructed surfaces: implications for nanocrystalline growth. J. Phys. Chem. B 110, 18007\u201318016 (2006).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1021\/jp064051f\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1021\/jp064051f\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021%2Fjp064051f\" aria-label=\"Article reference 63\" data-doi=\"10.1021\/jp064051f\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 63\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Density%20functional%20theory%20study%20of%20ligand%20binding%20on%20CdSe%20%280001%29%2C%20%280001%CC%84%29%2C%20and%20%28112%CC%840%29%20single%20crystal%20relaxed%20and%20reconstructed%20surfaces%3A%20implications%20for%20nanocrystalline%20growth&amp;journal=J.%20Phys.%20Chem.%20B&amp;doi=10.1021%2Fjp064051f&amp;volume=110&amp;pages=18007-18016&amp;publication_year=2006&amp;author=Rempel%2CJY&amp;author=Trout%2CBL&amp;author=Bawendi%2CMG&amp;author=Jensen%2CKF\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR64\">Zhang, S. B. &amp; Wei, S.-H. Surface energy and the common dangling bond rule for semiconductors. Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 86102 (2004).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.92.086102\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.92.086102\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1103%2FPhysRevLett.92.086102\" aria-label=\"Article reference 64\" data-doi=\"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.92.086102\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=2004PhRvL..92h6102Z\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 64\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 64\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Surface%20energy%20and%20the%20common%20dangling%20bond%20rule%20for%20semiconductors&amp;journal=Phys.%20Rev.%20Lett.&amp;doi=10.1103%2FPhysRevLett.92.086102&amp;volume=92&amp;publication_year=2004&amp;author=Zhang%2CSB&amp;author=Wei%2CS-H\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR65\">Cho, E. et al. Theoretical investigation of organic ligands on the surface structure of InP quantum dots: implications for display materials with enhanced surface stability. ACS Appl. Nano Mater. 6, 21548\u201321555 (2023).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1021\/acsanm.3c03356\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1021\/acsanm.3c03356\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021%2Facsanm.3c03356\" aria-label=\"Article reference 65\" data-doi=\"10.1021\/acsanm.3c03356\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 65\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Theoretical%20investigation%20of%20organic%20ligands%20on%20the%20surface%20structure%20of%20InP%20quantum%20dots%3A%20implications%20for%20display%20materials%20with%20enhanced%20surface%20stability&amp;journal=ACS%20Appl.%20Nano%20Mater.&amp;doi=10.1021%2Facsanm.3c03356&amp;volume=6&amp;pages=21548-21555&amp;publication_year=2023&amp;author=Cho%2CE\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR66\">Benisty, H., Stanley, R. &amp; Mayer, M. Method of source terms for dipole emission modification in modes of arbitrary planar structures. J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 15, 1192 (1998).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1364\/JOSAA.15.001192\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1364\/JOSAA.15.001192\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364%2FJOSAA.15.001192\" aria-label=\"Article reference 66\" data-doi=\"10.1364\/JOSAA.15.001192\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"ads reference\" data-track-action=\"ads reference\" href=\"http:\/\/adsabs.harvard.edu\/cgi-bin\/nph-data_query?link_type=ABSTRACT&amp;bibcode=1998OSAJ...15.1192B\" aria-label=\"ADS reference 66\" target=\"_blank\">ADS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 66\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Method%20of%20source%20terms%20for%20dipole%20emission%20modification%20in%20modes%20of%20arbitrary%20planar%20structures&amp;journal=J.%20Opt.%20Soc.%20Am.%20A&amp;doi=10.1364%2FJOSAA.15.001192&amp;volume=15&amp;publication_year=1998&amp;author=Benisty%2CH&amp;author=Stanley%2CR&amp;author=Mayer%2CM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Dai, X. et al. Solution-processed, high-performance light-emitting diodes based on quantum dots. Nature 515, 96\u201399 (2014). Article\u00a0 ADS\u00a0&hellip;\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":620897,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[18071,3250,184679,2302,28307,4418,90,56,54,55],"class_list":["post-620896","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-physics","tag-applied-and-technical-physics","tag-general","tag-inorganic-leds","tag-physics","tag-quantum-dots","tag-quantum-physics","tag-science","tag-uk","tag-united-kingdom","tag-unitedkingdom"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/620896","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=620896"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/620896\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/620897"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=620896"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=620896"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=620896"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}