{"id":775008,"date":"2026-09-18T19:22:30","date_gmt":"2026-09-18T19:22:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/uk\/775008\/"},"modified":"2026-09-18T19:22:30","modified_gmt":"2026-09-18T19:22:30","slug":"reconciling-the-neurogenic-hypothesis-of-depression-with-recent-advances-in-adult-hippocampal-neurogenesis-research-in-humans","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/uk\/775008\/","title":{"rendered":"Reconciling the neurogenic hypothesis of depression with recent advances in adult hippocampal neurogenesis research in humans"},"content":{"rendered":"

World Health Organization. Depressive disorder (depression) 2025 [Available from: https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/depression<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Lucassen PJ, Fitzsimons CP, Korosi A, Joels M, Belzung C, Abrous DN. Stressing new neurons into depression? Mol Psychiatry. 2013;18:396\u20137.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Delgado PL. Depression: the case for a monoamine deficiency. J Clin Psychiatry. 2000;61 Suppl 6:7\u201311.<\/p>\n

CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Pariante CM, Lightman SL. The HPA axis in major depression: classical theories and new developments. Trends Neurosci. 2008;31:464\u20138.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Keller J, Gomez R, Williams G, Lembke A, Lazzeroni L, Murphy GM Jr., et al. HPA axis in major depression: cortisol, clinical symptomatology and genetic variation predict cognition. Mol Psychiatry. 2017;22:527\u201336.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Sheline YI, Liston C, McEwen BS. Parsing the hippocampus in depression: chronic stress, hippocampal volume, and major depressive disorder. Biol Psychiatry. 2019;85:436\u20138.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Sapolsky RM, Krey LC, McEwen BS. Stress down-regulates corticosterone receptors in a site-specific manner in the brain*. Endocrinology. 1984;114:287\u201392.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

McEwen BS, Weiss JM, Schwartz LS. Selective retention of corticosterone by limbic structures in rat brain. Nature. 1968;220:911\u20132.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Mizoguchi K, Ishige A, Aburada M, Tabira T. Chronic stress attenuates glucocorticoid negative feedback: involvement of the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. Neuroscience. 2003;119:887\u201397.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Schoenfeld TJ, McCausland HC, Morris HD, Padmanaban V, Cameron HA. Stress and Loss of Adult Neurogenesis Differentially Reduce Hippocampal Volume. Biol Psychiatry. 2017;82:914\u201323.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Qiao H, An SC, Ren W, Ma XM. Progressive alterations of hippocampal CA3-CA1 synapses in an animal model of depression. Behav Brain Res. 2014;275:191\u2013200.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Sunanda, Rao MS, Raju TR. Effect of chronic restraint stress on dendritic spines and excrescences of hippocampal CA3 pyramidal neurons\u2013a quantitative study. Brain Res. 1995;694:312\u20137.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Seewoo BJ, Hennessy LA, Feindel KW, Etherington SJ, Croarkin PE, Rodger J. Validation of chronic restraint stress model in young adult rats for the study of depression using longitudinal multimodal MR imaging. eNeuro. 2020;7:ENEURO.0113-20.2020.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

David DJ, Samuels BA, Rainer Q, Wang J-W, Marsteller D, Mendez I, et al. Neurogenesis-dependent and -independent effects of fluoxetine in an animal model of anxiety\/depression. Neuron. 2009;62:479\u201393.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Murray F, Smith DW, Hutson PH. Chronic low dose corticosterone exposure decreased hippocampal cell proliferation, volume and induced anxiety and depression like behaviours in mice. Eur J Pharmacol. 2008;583:115\u201327.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Gould E, Cameron HA, Daniels DC, Woolley CS, McEwen BS. Adrenal hormones suppress cell division in the adult rat dentate gyrus. J Neurosci. 1992;12:3642\u201350.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Duman RS, Heninger GR, Nestler EJ. A molecular and cellular theory of depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1997;54:597\u2013606.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Kempermann G, Jessberger S, Steiner B, Kronenberg G. Milestones of neuronal development in the adult hippocampus. Trends Neurosci. 2004;27:447\u201352.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Gleeson JG, Lin PT, Flanagan LA, Walsh CA. Doublecortin is a microtubule-associated protein and is expressed widely by migrating neurons. Neuron. 1999;23:257\u201371.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Markakis EA, Gage FH. Adult-generated neurons in the dentate gyrus send axonal projections to field CA3 and are surrounded by synaptic vesicles. J Comp Neurol. 1999;406:449\u201360.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Amaral DG, Scharfman HE, Lavenex P. The dentate gyrus: fundamental neuroanatomical organization (dentate gyrus for dummies). Prog Brain Res. 2007;163:3\u201322.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Rami A, Br\u00e9hier A, Thomasset M, Rabi\u00e9 A. Cholecalcin (28-kDa calcium-binding protein) in the rat hippocampus: development in normal animals and in altered thyroid states. An immunocytochemical study. Dev Biol. 1987;124:228\u201338.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Kempermann G, Gast D, Kronenberg G, Yamaguchi M, Gage FH. Early determination and long-term persistence of adult-generated new neurons in the hippocampus of mice. Development. 2003;130:391\u20139.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Kohler SJ, Williams NI, Stanton GB, Cameron JL, Greenough WT. Maturation time of new granule cells in the dentate gyrus of adult macaque monkeys exceeds six months. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2011;108:10326\u201331.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Seki T. Understanding the real state of human adult hippocampal neurogenesis from studies of rodents and non-human primates. Front Neurosci. 2020;14:839.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Kempermann G, Gage FH, Aigner L, Song H, Curtis MA, Thuret S, et al. Human adult neurogenesis: evidence and remaining questions. Cell Stem Cell. 2018;23:25\u201330.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Fanselow MS, Dong HW. Are the dorsal and ventral hippocampus functionally distinct structures? Neuron. 2010;65:7\u201319.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Deng W, Mayford M, Gage FH. Selection of distinct populations of dentate granule cells in response to inputs as a mechanism for pattern separation in mice. Elife. 2013;2:e00312.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Anacker C, Hen R. Adult hippocampal neurogenesis and cognitive flexibility – linking memory and mood. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2017;18:335\u201346.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Kheirbek MA, Hen R. Dorsal vs ventral hippocampal neurogenesis: implications for cognition and mood. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2011;36:373\u20134.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Eriksson PS, Perfilieva E, Bj\u00f6rk-Eriksson T, Alborn A-M, Nordborg C, Peterson DA, et al. Neurogenesis in the adult human hippocampus. Nat Med. 1998;4:1313\u20137.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Simard S, Matosin N, Mechawar N Adult hippocampal neurogenesis in the human brain: updates, challenges, and perspectives. Neuroscientist. 2025;31:141-158.<\/p>\n

Jacobs BL, van Praag H, Gage FH. Adult brain neurogenesis and psychiatry: a novel theory of depression. Mol Psychiatry. 2000;5:262\u20139.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Sahay A, Drew MR, Hen R. Dentate gyrus neurogenesis and depression. Prog Brain Res. 2007;163:697\u2013722.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Schmidt HD, Duman RS. The role of neurotrophic factors in adult hippocampal neurogenesis, antidepressant treatments and animal models of depressive-like behavior. Behav Pharmacol. 2007;18:391\u2013418.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Tanti A, Belzung C. Hippocampal neurogenesis: a biomarker for depression or antidepressant effects? Methodological considerations and perspectives for future research. Cell Tissue Res. 2013;354:203\u201319.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Feldmann RE Jr., Sawa A, Seidler GH. Causality of stem cell based neurogenesis and depression\u2013to be or not to be, is that the question? J Psychiatr Res. 2007;41:713\u201323.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Miller BR, Hen R. The current state of the neurogenic theory of depression and anxiety. Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2015;30:51\u20138.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Henn FA, Vollmayr B. Neurogenesis and depression: etiology or epiphenomenon? Biol Psychiatry. 2004;56:146\u201350.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Lee MM, Reif A, Schmitt AG Major Depression: A Role for Hippocampal Neurogenesis? In: Cowen PJ, Sharp T, Lau JYF, editors. Behavioral Neurobiology of Depression and Its Treatment. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg; 2013. p. 153-79.<\/p>\n

Eisch AJ, Petrik D. Depression and hippocampal neurogenesis: a road to remission? Science. 2012;338:72\u20135.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Hanson ND, Owens MJ, Nemeroff CB. Depression, antidepressants, and neurogenesis: a critical reappraisal. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2011;36:2589\u2013602.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Tartt AN, Mariani MB, Hen R, Mann JJ, Boldrini M. Dysregulation of adult hippocampal neuroplasticity in major depression: pathogenesis and therapeutic implications. Mol Psychiatry. 2022;27:2689\u201399.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Kempermann G, Kronenberg G. Depressed new neurons\u2013adult hippocampal neurogenesis and a cellular plasticity hypothesis of major depression. Biol Psychiatry. 2003;54:499\u2013503.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Petrik D, Lagace DC, Eisch AJ. The neurogenesis hypothesis of affective and anxiety disorders: are we mistaking the scaffolding for the building? Neuropharmacology. 2012;62:21\u201334.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Kempermann G. Regulation of adult hippocampal neurogenesis – implications for novel theories of major depression. Bipolar Disord. 2002;4:17\u201333.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Simard S, Rahimian R, Davoli MA, Theberge S, Matosin N, Turecki G, et al. Spatial transcriptomic analysis of adult hippocampal neurogenesis in the human brain. J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2024;49:E319\u2013E33.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Dumitru I, Paterlini M, Zamboni M, Ziegenhain C, Giatrellis S, Saghaleyni R, et al. Identification of proliferating neural progenitors in the adult human hippocampus. Science. 2025;389:58\u201363.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Ramnauth AD, Tippani M, Divecha HR, Papariello AR, Miller RA, Nelson ED, et al. Spatiotemporal analysis of gene expression in the human dentate gyrus reveals age-associated changes in cellular maturation and neuroinflammation. Cell Rep. 2025;44:115300.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Thompson JR, Nelson ED, Tippani M, Ramnauth AD, Divecha HR, Miller RA, et al. An integrated single-nucleus and spatial transcriptomics atlas reveals the molecular landscape of the human hippocampus. Nat Neurosci. 2025;28:1990\u20132004.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Zhou Y, Su Y, Li S, Kennedy BC, Zhang DY, Bond AM, et al. Molecular landscapes of human hippocampal immature neurons across lifespan. Nature. 2022;607:527\u201333.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Tosoni G, Ayyildiz D, Snoeck S, Moreno-Jim\u00e9nez EP, Penning A, Santiago-Mujika E, et al. Transcriptional profiles of immature neurons in aged human hippocampus track Alzheimer\u2019s pathology and cognitive resilience. Cell Stem Cell. 2026;33:763\u201383 e9.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Disouky A, Sanborn MA, Sabitha KR, Mostafa MM, Ayala IA, Bennett DA, et al. Human hippocampal neurogenesis in adulthood, ageing and Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Nature. 2026;652:1264\u201373.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Flor-Garc\u00eda M, Terreros-Roncal J, Moreno-Jim\u00e9nez EP, \u00c1vila J, R\u00e1bano A, Llorens-Mart\u00edn M. Unraveling human adult hippocampal neurogenesis. Nat Protoc. 2020;15:668\u201393.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Moreno-Jim\u00e9nez EP, Terreros-Roncal J, Flor-Garc\u00eda M, R\u00e1bano A, Llorens-Mart\u00edn M. Evidences for adult hippocampal neurogenesis in humans. J Neurosci. 2021;41:2541\u201353.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Terreros-Roncal J, Flor-Garc\u00eda M, Moreno-Jim\u00e9nez EP, Rodriguez-Moreno CB, M\u00e1rquez-Valadez B, Gallardo-Caballero M, et al. Methods to study adult hippocampal neurogenesis in humans and across the phylogeny. Hippocampus. 2023;33:271\u2013306.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Rawat R, Tunc-Ozcan E, McGuire TL, Peng CY, Kessler JA. Ketamine activates adult-born immature granule neurons to rapidly alleviate depression-like behaviors in mice. Nat Commun. 2022;13:2650.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Zhou Y, Su Y, Yang Q, Li J, Hong Y, Gao T, et al. Cross-species analysis of adult hippocampal neurogenesis reveals human-specific gene expression but convergent biological processes. Nat Neurosci. 2025;28:1820\u20139.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Chen L, Li Z, Wang W, Zhou Y, Li W, Wang Y. Adult hippocampal neurogenesis: New avenues for treatment of brain disorders. Stem Cell Reports. 2025;20:102600.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Pham K, Nacher J, Hof PR, McEwen BS. Repeated restraint stress suppresses neurogenesis and induces biphasic PSA-NCAM expression in the adult rat dentate gyrus. Eur J Neurosci. 2003;17:879\u201386.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Mineur YS, Belzung C, Crusio WE. Functional implications of decreases in neurogenesis following chronic mild stress in mice. Neuroscience. 2007;150:251\u20139.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Van Bokhoven P, Oomen CA, Hoogendijk WJ, Smit AB, Lucassen PJ, Spijker S. Reduction in hippocampal neurogenesis after social defeat is long-lasting and responsive to late antidepressant treatment. Eur J Neurosci. 2011;33:1833\u201340.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Dranovsky A, Picchini AM, Moadel T, Sisti AC, Yamada A, Kimura S, et al. Experience dictates stem cell fate in the adult hippocampus. Neuron. 2011;70:908\u201323.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

de Andrade JS, C\u00e9spedes IC, Abr\u00e3o RO, dos Santos TB, Diniz L, Britto LRG, et al. Chronic unpredictable mild stress alters an anxiety-related defensive response, Fos immunoreactivity and hippocampal adult neurogenesis. Behav Brain Res. 2013;250:81\u201390.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Du Preez A, Onorato D, Eiben I, Musaelyan K, Egeland M, Zunszain PA, et al. Chronic stress followed by social isolation promotes depressive-like behaviour, alters microglial and astrocyte biology and reduces hippocampal neurogenesis in male mice. Brain Behav Immun. 2021;91:24\u201347.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Thomas RM, Hotsenpiller G, Peterson DA. Acute psychosocial stress reduces cell survival in adult hippocampal neurogenesis without altering proliferation. J Neurosci. 2007;27:2734\u201343.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Lee K-J, Kim S-J, Kim S-W, Choi S-H, Shin Y-C, Park S-H, et al. Chronic mild stress decreases survival, but not proliferation, of new-born cells in adult rat hippocampus. Exp Mol Med. 2006;38:44\u201354.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Yoshioka T, Yamada D, Kobayashi R, Segi-Nishida E, Saitoh A. Chronic vicarious social defeat stress attenuates new-born neuronal cell survival in mouse hippocampus. Behav Brain Res. 2022;416:113536.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Lagace DC, Donovan MH, DeCarolis NA, Farnbauch LA, Malhotra S, Berton O, et al. Adult hippocampal neurogenesis is functionally important for stress-induced social avoidance. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2010;107:4436\u201341.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Parihar VK, Hattiangady B, Kuruba R, Shuai B, Shetty AK. Predictable chronic mild stress improves mood, hippocampal neurogenesis and memory. Mol Psychiatry. 2011;16:171\u201383.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Liang X, Tang J, Qi YQ, Luo YM, Yang CM, Dou XY, et al. Exercise more efficiently regulates the maturation of newborn neurons and synaptic plasticity than fluoxetine in a CUS-induced depression mouse model. Exp Neurol. 2022;354:114103.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Hanson ND, Owens MJ, Boss-Williams KA, Weiss JM, Nemeroff CB. Several stressors fail to reduce adult hippocampal neurogenesis. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2011;36:1520\u20139.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Iascone DM, Padidam S, Pyfer MS, Zhang X, Zhao L, Chin J. Impairments in neurogenesis are not tightly linked to depressive behavior in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. PLoS One. 2013;8:e79651.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Santarelli L, Saxe M, Gross C, Surget A, Battaglia F, Dulawa S, et al. Requirement of hippocampal neurogenesis for the behavioral effects of antidepressants. Science. 2003;301:805\u20139.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Airan RD, Meltzer LA, Roy M, Gong Y, Chen H, Deisseroth K. High-speed imaging reveals neurophysiological links to behavior in an animal model of depression. Science. 2007;317:819\u201323.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Lucassen PJ, Oomen CA, Naninck EF, Fitzsimons CP, van Dam AM, Czeh B, et al. Regulation of adult neurogenesis and plasticity by (Early) stress, glucocorticoids, and inflammation. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2015;7:a021303.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Markov DD, Novosadova EV. Chronic unpredictable mild stress model of depression: possible sources of poor reproducibility and latent variables. Biology (Basel). 2022;11:1621.<\/p>\n

PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Schoenfeld TJ, Gould E. Differential effects of stress and glucocorticoids on adult neurogenesis. Curr Top Behav Neurosci. 2013;15:139\u201364.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Frodl T, Meisenzahl EM, Zetzsche T, Born C, Groll C, J\u00e4ger M, et al. Hippocampal changes in patients with a first episode of major depression. Am J Psychiatry. 2002;159:1112\u20138.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Campbell S, Marriott M, Nahmias C, MacQueen GM. Lower hippocampal volume in patients suffering from depression: a meta-analysis. Am J Psychiatry. 2004;161:598\u2013607.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

McKinnon MC, Yucel K, Nazarov A, MacQueen GM. A meta-analysis examining clinical predictors of hippocampal volume in patients with major depressive disorder. J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2009;34:41\u201354.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Cole J, Costafreda SG, McGuffin P, Fu CH. Hippocampal atrophy in first episode depression: a meta-analysis of magnetic resonance imaging studies. J Affect Disord. 2011;134:483\u20137.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Schmaal L, Veltman DJ, van Erp TG, S\u00e4mann PG, Frodl T, Jahanshad N, et al. Subcortical brain alterations in major depressive disorder: findings from the ENIGMA Major Depressive Disorder working group. Mol Psychiatry. 2016;21:806\u201312.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Huang Y, Coupland NJ, Lebel RM, Carter R, Seres P, Wilman AH, et al. Structural changes in hippocampal subfields in major depressive disorder: a high-field magnetic resonance imaging study. Biol Psychiatry. 2013;74:62\u20138.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Roddy DW, Farrell C, Doolin K, Roman E, Tozzi L, Frodl T, et al. The Hippocampus in depression: more than the sum of its parts? advanced hippocampal substructure segmentation in depression. Biol Psychiatry. 2019;85:487\u201397.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Cz\u00e9h B, Lucassen PJ. What causes the hippocampal volume decrease in depression? Are neurogenesis, glial changes and apoptosis implicated? Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2007;257:250\u201360.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Boldrini M, Hen R, Underwood MD, Rosoklija GB, Dwork AJ, Mann JJ, et al. Hippocampal angiogenesis and progenitor cell proliferation are increased with antidepressant use in major depression. Biol Psychiatry. 2012;72:562\u201371.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Boldrini M, Underwood MD, Hen R, Rosoklija GB, Dwork AJ, John Mann J, et al. Antidepressants increase neural progenitor cells in the human hippocampus. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2009;34:2376\u201389.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Boldrini M, Galfalvy H, Dwork AJ, Rosoklija GB, Trencevska-Ivanovska I, Pavlovski G, et al. Resilience is associated with larger dentate gyrus, while suicide decedents with major depressive disorder have fewer granule neurons. Biol Psychiatry. 2019;85:850\u201362.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Boldrini M, Santiago AN, Hen R, Dwork AJ, Rosoklija GB, Tamir H, et al. Hippocampal granule neuron number and dentate gyrus volume in antidepressant-treated and untreated major depression. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2013;38:1068\u201377.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Mahar I, Labonte B, Yogendran S, Isingrini E, Perret L, Davoli MA, et al. Disrupted hippocampal neuregulin-1\/ErbB3 signaling and dentate gyrus granule cell alterations in suicide. Transl Psychiatry. 2017;7:e1161.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

M\u00e1rquez-Valadez B, Gallardo-Caballero M, Llorens-Mart\u00edn M. Human adult hippocampal neurogenesis is shaped by neuropsychiatric disorders, demographics, and lifestyle-related factors. Cell Stem Cell. 2025;32:1577\u201394 e5.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Cobb JA, Simpson J, Mahajan GJ, Overholser JC, Jurjus GJ, Dieter L, et al. Hippocampal volume and total cell numbers in major depressive disorder. J Psychiatr Res. 2013;47:299\u2013306.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Kim TA, Chen L, Ge S. The interplay of neurovasculature and adult hippocampal neurogenesis. Neurosci Lett. 2021;760:136071.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Stockmeier CA, Mahajan GJ, Konick LC, Overholser JC, Jurjus GJ, Meltzer HY, et al. Cellular changes in the postmortem hippocampus in major depression. Biol Psychiatry. 2004;56:640\u201350.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Lucassen PJ, Stumpel MW, Wang Q, Aronica E. Decreased numbers of progenitor cells but no response to antidepressant drugs in the hippocampus of elderly depressed patients. Neuropharmacology. 2010;58:940\u20139.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Walton NM, Zhou Y, Kogan JH, Shin R, Webster M, Gross AK, et al. Detection of an immature dentate gyrus feature in human schizophrenia\/bipolar patients. Transl Psychiatry. 2012;2:e135. -e<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Boldrini M, Butt TH, Santiago AN, Tamir H, Dwork AJ, Rosoklija GB, et al. Benzodiazepines and the potential trophic effect of antidepressants on dentate gyrus cells in mood disorders. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2014;17:1923\u201333.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Benninghoff J, Schmitt A, M\u00f6ssner R, Lesch KP. When cells become depressed: focus on neural stem cells in novel treatment strategies against depression. J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2002;109:947\u201362.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Villanueva R. Stem cell therapy for the treatment of psychiatric disorders: a real hope for the next decades. Front Psychiatry. 2024;15:1492415.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Duric V, Banasr M, Licznerski P, Schmidt HD, Stockmeier CA, Simen AA, et al. A negative regulator of MAP kinase causes depressive behavior. Nat Med. 2010;16:1328\u201332.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Duric V, Banasr M, Stockmeier CA, Simen AA, Newton SS, Overholser JC, et al. Altered expression of synapse and glutamate related genes in post-mortem hippocampus of depressed subjects. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2013;16:69\u201382.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Mahajan GJ, Vallender EJ, Garrett MR, Challagundla L, Overholser JC, Jurjus G, et al. Altered neuro-inflammatory gene expression in hippocampus in major depressive disorder. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2018;82:177\u201386.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Francis A, Roy B, Dwivedi Y. Deconvolution-based transcriptomic analysis in the hippocampus reveals cell type-specific risk genes and pathways associated with depression and suicide. Biol Psychiatry Glob Open Sci. 2025;5:100530.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Lanz TA, Reinhart V, Sheehan MJ, Rizzo SJS, Bove SE, James LC, et al. Postmortem transcriptional profiling reveals widespread increase in inflammation in schizophrenia: a comparison of prefrontal cortex, striatum, and hippocampus among matched tetrads of controls with subjects diagnosed with schizophrenia, bipolar or major depressive disorder. Transl Psychiatry. 2019;9:151.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Koo JW, Duman RS. IL-1beta is an essential mediator of the antineurogenic and anhedonic effects of stress. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2008;105:751\u20136.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Goshen I, Kreisel T, Ben-Menachem-Zidon O, Licht T, Weidenfeld J, Ben-Hur T, et al. Brain interleukin-1 mediates chronic stress-induced depression in mice via adrenocortical activation and hippocampal neurogenesis suppression. Mol Psychiatry. 2008;13:717\u201328.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

McKim DB, Niraula A, Tarr AJ, Wohleb ES, Sheridan JF, Godbout JP. Neuroinflammatory dynamics underlie memory impairments after repeated social defeat. J Neurosci. 2016;36:2590\u2013604.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Wohleb ES, Franklin T, Iwata M, Duman RS. Integrating neuroimmune systems in the neurobiology of depression. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2016;17:497\u2013511.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Kim S, Hwang Y, Webster MJ, Lee D. Differential activation of immune\/inflammatory response-related co-expression modules in the hippocampus across the major psychiatric disorders. Mol Psychiatry. 2016;21:376\u201385.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Jaffe AE, Hoeppner DJ, Saito T, Blanpain L, Ukaigwe J, Burke EE, et al. Profiling gene expression in the human dentate gyrus granule cell layer reveals insights into schizophrenia and its genetic risk. Nat Neurosci. 2020;23:510\u20139.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Gotlib IH, Uy JP, Buthmann JL, Pine DS. Psychobiological mechanisms underlying the association between early life stress and depression in adolescence. Mol Psychiatry. 2026;31:1085\u201394.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Mirescu C, Peters JD, Gould E. Early life experience alters response of adult neurogenesis to stress. Nat Neurosci. 2004;7:841\u20136.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Youssef M, Atsak P, Cardenas J, Kosmidis S, Leonardo ED, Dranovsky A. Early life stress delays hippocampal development and diminishes the adult stem cell pool in mice. Sci Rep. 2019;9:4120.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Bath KG, Manzano-Nieves G, Goodwill H. Early life stress accelerates behavioral and neural maturation of the hippocampus in male mice. Horm Behav. 2016;82:64\u201371.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Millette A, van Dijk MT, Pokhvisneva I, Li Y, Thompson R, Patel S, et al. Hippocampal SGK1 promotes vulnerability to depression: the role of early life adversity, stress, and genetic risk. Mol Psychiatry. 2025;30:6079\u201389.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Malberg JE, Eisch AJ, Nestler EJ, Duman RS. Chronic antidepressant treatment increases neurogenesis in adult rat hippocampus. J Neurosci. 2000;20:9104\u201310.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Encinas JM, Vaahtokari A, Enikolopov G. Fluoxetine targets early progenitor cells in the adult brain. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2006;103:8233\u20138.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Kodama M, Fujioka T, Duman RS. Chronic olanzapine or fluoxetine administration increases cell proliferation in hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of adult rat. Biol Psychiatry. 2004;56:570\u201380.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Surget A, Tanti A, Leonardo ED, Laugeray A, Rainer Q, Touma C, et al. Antidepressants recruit new neurons to improve stress response regulation. Mol Psychiatry. 2011;16:1177\u201388.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Wang JW, David DJ, Monckton JE, Battaglia F, Hen R. Chronic fluoxetine stimulates maturation and synaptic plasticity of adult-born hippocampal granule cells. J Neurosci. 2008;28:1374\u201384.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Tunc-Ozcan E, Peng C-Y, Zhu Y, Dunlop SR, Contractor A, Kessler JA. Activating newborn neurons suppresses depression and anxiety-like behaviors. Nat Commun. 2019;10:3768.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Surget A, Saxe M, Leman S, Ibarguen-Vargas Y, Chalon S, Griebel G, et al. Drug-dependent requirement of hippocampal neurogenesis in a model of depression and of antidepressant reversal. Biol Psychiatry. 2008;64:293\u2013301.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Perera TD, Dwork AJ, Keegan KA, Thirumangalakudi L, Lipira CM, Joyce N, et al. Necessity of hippocampal neurogenesis for the therapeutic action of antidepressants in adult nonhuman primates. PLoS One. 2011;6:e17600.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Bessa JM, Ferreira D, Melo I, Marques F, Cerqueira JJ, Palha JA, et al. The mood-improving actions of antidepressants do not depend on neurogenesis but are associated with neuronal remodeling. Mol Psychiatry. 2009;14:764\u201373. 39<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Possamai F, dos Santos J, Walber T, Marcon JC, dos Santos TS, Lino de Oliveira C. Influence of enrichment on behavioral and neurogenic effects of antidepressants in Wistar rats submitted to repeated forced swim test. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2015;58:15\u201321.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Bolzan JA, Martins T, Domingues K, Surget A, Belzung C, Lino de Oliveira C. Dissecting the pro-neurogenic effects of monoaminergic medications used to treat depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Psychopharmacol. 2025;39:513\u201332.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Perera TD, Coplan JD, Lisanby SH, Lipira CM, Arif M, Carpio C, et al. Antidepressant-Induced Neurogenesis in the Hippocampus of Adult Nonhuman Primates. J Neurosci. 2007;27:4894\u2013901.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Reif A, Fritzen S, Finger M, Strobel A, Lauer M, Schmitt A, et al. Neural stem cell proliferation is decreased in schizophrenia, but not in depression. Mol Psychiatry. 2006;11:514\u201322.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Epp JR, Beasley CL, Galea LA. Increased hippocampal neurogenesis and p21 expression in depression: dependent on antidepressants, sex, age, and antipsychotic exposure. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2013;38:2297\u2013306.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Abe Y, Yokoyama K, Kato T, Yagishita S, Tanaka KF, Takamiya A. Neurogenesis-independent mechanisms of MRI-detectable hippocampal volume increase following electroconvulsive stimulation. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2024;49:1236\u201345.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Nuninga JO, Mandl RCW, Boks MP, Bakker S, Somers M, Heringa SM, et al. Volume increase in the dentate gyrus after electroconvulsive therapy in depressed patients as measured with 7T. Mol Psychiatry. 2020;25:1559\u201368.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Kamishikiryo T, Itai E, Mitsuyama Y, Masuda Y, Yamamoto O, Tamura T, et al. Relationship between hippocampal volume and treatment response before and after escitalopram administration in patients with depression. Transl Psychiatry. 2025;16:1.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Kobayashi K, Ikeda Y, Sakai A, Yamasaki N, Haneda E, Miyakawa T, et al. Reversal of hippocampal neuronal maturation by serotonergic antidepressants. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2010;107:8434\u20139.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Hagihara H, Murano T, Ohira K, Miwa M, Nakamura K, Miyakawa T. Expression of progenitor cell\/immature neuron markers does not present definitive evidence for adult neurogenesis. Mol Brain. 2019;12:108.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Santiago AN, Saval JC, Nguyen P, Chung HM, Khan S, Luna VM, et al. Effects of electroconvulsive shock on the function, circuitry, and transcriptome of dentate gyrus granule neurons. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2026;51:1258\u201366.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Ge S, Yang CH, Hsu KS, Ming GL, Song H. A critical period for enhanced synaptic plasticity in newly generated neurons of the adult brain. Neuron. 2007;54:559\u201366.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Toda T, Parylak SL, Linker SB, Gage FH. The role of adult hippocampal neurogenesis in brain health and disease. Mol Psychiatry. 2019;24:67\u201387.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Anacker C, Luna VM, Stevens GS, Millette A, Shores R, Jimenez JC, et al. Hippocampal neurogenesis confers stress resilience by inhibiting the ventral dentate gyrus. Nature. 2018;559:98\u2013102.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Bao H, Hu Z, Lee S-H, Chao T-HH, Luo Y-J, Chen Z-K, et al. Aberrantly integrated adult-born immature neurons disrupt brain-wide networks during spatial memory processing. Mol Psychiatry. 2025;31:2106\u201318.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Tran LM, Josselyn SA, Richards BA, Frankland PW. Forgetting at biologically realistic levels of neurogenesis in a large-scale hippocampal model. Behav Brain Res. 2019;376:112180.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Blin N, Charrier V, Farrugia F, Palhol J, Presset A, Cartier E, et al. Long-lived adult-born hippocampal neurons promote successful cognitive aging. Mol Psychiatry. 2026;31:217\u201330.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Kerloch T, Clavreul S, Goron A, Abrous DN, Pacary E. Dentate granule neurons generated during perinatal life display distinct morphological features compared with later-born neurons in the mouse hippocampus. Cereb Cortex. 2019;29:3527\u201339.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Cole JD, Espinueva DF, Seib DR, Ash AM, Cooke MB, Cahill SP, et al. Adult-born hippocampal neurons undergo extended development and are morphologically distinct from neonatally-born neurons. J Neurosci. 2020;40:5740\u201356.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Sun D, Milibari L, Pan J-X, Ren X, Yao L-L, Zhao Y, et al. Critical roles of embryonic born dorsal dentate granule neurons for activity-dependent increases in BDNF, adult hippocampal neurogenesis, and antianxiety-like behaviors. Biol Psychiatry. 2021;89:600\u201314.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Sun D, Mei L, Xiong W-C. Dorsal dentate gyrus, a key regulator for mood and psychiatric disorders. Biol Psychiatry. 2023;93:1071\u201380.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

M\u00e1rquez-Valadez B, R\u00e1bano A, Llorens-Mart\u00edn M. Progression of Alzheimer\u2019s disease parallels unusual structural plasticity of human dentate granule cells. Acta Neuropathol Commun. 2022;10:125.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Dioli C, Patricio P, Sousa N, Kokras N, Dalla C, Guerreiro S, et al. Chronic stress triggers divergent dendritic alterations in immature neurons of the adult hippocampus, depending on their ultimate terminal fields. Transl Psychiatry. 2019;9:143.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Wang W, Wang M, Yang M, Zeng B, Qiu W, Ma Q, et al. Transcriptome dynamics of hippocampal neurogenesis in macaques across the lifespan and aged humans. Cell Res. 2022;32:729\u201343.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Yao J, Dai S, Zhu R, Tan J, Zhao Q, Yin Y, et al. Deciphering molecular heterogeneity and dynamics of human hippocampal neural stem cells at different ages and injury states. Elife. 2024;12:RP89507.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Lima da Cruz RV, Costa RBGdM, de Queiroz GM, Stojanovic T, Moulin TC, Le\u00e3o RN. Single-dose DMT reverses anhedonia and cognitive deficits via restoration of neurogenesis in a stress-induced depression model. Transl Psychiatry. 2026;16:101.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Scharfman H, Goodman J, McCloskey D. Ectopic granule cells of the rat dentate gyrus. Dev Neurosci. 2007;29:14\u201327.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Scharfman HE, Pierce JP. New insights into the role of hilar ectopic granule cells in the dentate gyrus based on quantitative anatomic analysis and three-dimensional reconstruction. Epilepsia. 2012;53:109\u201315.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Myers CE, Bermudez-Hernandez K, Scharfman HE. The influence of ectopic migration of granule cells into the hilus on dentate gyrus-CA3 function. PLoS One. 2013;8:e68208.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Parent JM, Yu TW, Leibowitz RT, Geschwind DH, Sloviter RS, Lowenstein DH. Dentate granule cell neurogenesis is increased by seizures and contributes to aberrant network reorganization in the adult rat hippocampus. J Neurosci. 1997;17:3727\u201338.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Scharfman H, Goodman J, Macleod A, Phani S, Antonelli C, Croll S. Increased neurogenesis and the ectopic granule cells after intrahippocampal BDNF infusion in adult rats. Exp Neurol. 2005;192:348\u201356.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

McCloskey DP, Hintz TM, Pierce JP, Scharfman HE. Stereological methods reveal the robust size and stability of ectopic hilar granule cells after pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus in the adult rat. Eur J Neurosci. 2006;24:2203\u201310.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Jiao Y, Nadler JV. Stereological analysis of GluR2-immunoreactive hilar neurons in the pilocarpine model of temporal lobe epilepsy: correlation of cell loss with mossy fiber sprouting. Exp Neurol. 2007;205:569\u201382.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Scharfman HE, Sollas AL, Goodman JH. Spontaneous recurrent seizures after pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus activate calbindin-immunoreactive hilar cells of the rat dentate gyrus. Neuroscience. 2002;111:71\u201381.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Parent JM, Elliott RC, Pleasure SJ, Barbaro NM, Lowenstein DH. Aberrant seizure-induced neurogenesis in experimental temporal lobe epilepsy. Ann Neurol. 2006;59:81\u201391.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Cameron MC, Zhan R-Z, Nadler JV. Morphologic integration of hilar ectopic granule cells into dentate gyrus circuitry in the pilocarpine model of temporal lobe epilepsy. J Comp Neurol. 2011;519:2175\u201392.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Pierce JP, McCloskey DP, Scharfman HE. Morphometry of hilar ectopic granule cells in the rat. J Comp Neurol. 2011;519:1196\u2013218.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Dashtipour K, Tran PH, Okazaki MM, Nadler JV, Ribak CE. Ultrastructural features and synaptic connections of hilar ectopic granule cells in the rat dentate gyrus are different from those of granule cells in the granule cell layer. Brain Res. 2001;890:261\u201371.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Pierce JP, Melton J, Punsoni M, McCloskey DP, Scharfman HE. Mossy fibers are the primary source of afferent input to ectopic granule cells that are born after pilocarpine-induced seizures. Exp Neurol. 2005;196:316\u201331.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Zhan RZ, Nadler JV. Enhanced tonic GABA current in normotopic and hilar ectopic dentate granule cells after pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus. J Neurophysiol. 2009;102:670\u201381.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Yin H, Sun X, Yang K, Lan Y, Lu Z. Regulation of dentate gyrus pattern separation by hilus ectopic granule cells. Cogn Neurodyn. 2025;19:10.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Mao Y, Liu M, Sun X. Excitatory synaptic integration mechanism of three types of granule cells in the dentate gyrus. Cogn Neurodyn. 2025;19:40.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Hester MS, Tulina N, Brown A, Barila G, Elovitz MA. Intrauterine inflammation reduces postnatal neurogenesis in the hippocampal subgranular zone and leads to accumulation of hilar ectopic granule cells. Brain Res. 2018;1685:51\u20139.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Maheu ME, Devorak J, Freibauer A, Davoli MA, Turecki G, Mechawar N. Increased doublecortin (DCX) expression and incidence of DCX-immunoreactive multipolar cells in the subventricular zone-olfactory bulb system of suicides. Front Neuroanat. 2015;9:74.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Pesold C, Impagnatiello F, Pisu MG, Uzunov DP, Costa E, Guidotti A, et al. Reelin is preferentially expressed in neurons synthesizing gamma-aminobutyric acid in cortex and hippocampus of adult rats. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1998;95:3221\u20136.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Teixeira CM, Kron MM, Masachs N, Zhang H, Lagace DC, Martinez A, et al. Cell-autonomous inactivation of the reelin pathway impairs adult neurogenesis in the hippocampus. J Neurosci. 2012;32:12051\u201365.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Gong C, Wang TW, Huang HS, Parent JM. Reelin regulates neuronal progenitor migration in intact and epileptic hippocampus. J Neurosci. 2007;27:1803\u201311.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Saghatelyan A, de Chevigny A, Schachner M, Lledo PM. Tenascin-R mediates activity-dependent recruitment of neuroblasts in the adult mouse forebrain. Nat Neurosci. 2004;7:347\u201356.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

David LS, Schachner M, Saghatelyan A. The extracellular matrix glycoprotein tenascin-R affects adult but not developmental neurogenesis in the olfactory bulb. J Neurosci. 2013;33:10324\u201339.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Hester MS, Danzer SC. Hippocampal granule cell pathology in epilepsy – a possible structural basis for comorbidities of epilepsy? Epilepsy Behav. 2014;38:105\u201316.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Doludda B, Barde W, D\u2019Egidio F, Fitzsimons CP, Fris\u00e9n J, Gage FH, et al. Adult neurogenesis: New neurons, new opportunities. Cell Stem Cell. 2026;33:382\u201392.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Rakic P. Limits of neurogenesis in primates. Science. 1985;227:1054\u20136.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Duque A, Arellano JI, Rakic P. An assessment of the existence of adult neurogenesis in humans and value of its rodent models for neuropsychiatric diseases. Mol Psychiatry. 2022;27:377\u201382.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Bonfanti L, La Rosa C, Ghibaudi M, Sherwood CC. Adult neurogenesis and \u201cimmature\u201d neurons in mammals: an evolutionary trade-off in plasticity? Brain Struct Funct. 2024;229:1775\u201393.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Ghibaudi M, Zanone A, Bonfanti L. Brain structural plasticity in large-brained mammals: Not only narrowing roads. Neural Regen Res. 2026;21:1669\u201380.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Morizet D, Bally-Cuif L. Reduced adult neurogenesis in humans results from a tradeoff rather than direct negative selection. Bioessays. 2025;47:e70041.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Rengasamy M, Marsland A, Spada M, Hsiung K, Kovats T, Price RB. A chicken and egg scenario in psychoneuroimmunology: Bidirectional mechanisms linking cytokines and depression. J Affect Disord Rep. 2021;6:100177.<\/p>\n

PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Branchi I, Viglione A, Vai B, Cirulli F, Benedetti F, Poggini S. Breaking free from the inflammatory trap of depression: Regulating the interplay between immune activation and plasticity to foster mental health. Neurosci Appl. 2024;3:103923.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Beurel E, Toups M, Nemeroff CB. The bidirectional relationship of depression and inflammation: double trouble. Neuron. 2020;107:234\u201356.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Liu W, Ge T, Leng Y, Pan Z, Fan J, Yang W, et al. The role of neural plasticity in depression: from hippocampus to prefrontal cortex. Neural Plast. 2017;2017:6871089.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Sorrells SF, Paredes MF, Velmeshev D, Herranz-P\u00e9rez V, Sandoval K, Mayer S, et al. Immature excitatory neurons develop during adolescence in the human amygdala. Nat Commun. 2019;10:2748.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Li YN, Hu DD, Cai XL, Wang Y, Yang C, Jiang J, et al. Doublecortin-expressing neurons in human cerebral cortex layer II and amygdala from infancy to 100 years old. Mol Neurobiol. 2023;60:3464\u201385.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Rajkowska G, O\u2019Dwyer G, Teleki Z, Stockmeier CA, Miguel-Hidalgo JJ. GABAergic neurons immunoreactive for calcium binding proteins are reduced in the prefrontal cortex in major depression. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2007;32:471\u201382.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Shrestha P, Mousa A, Heintz N. Layer 2\/3 pyramidal cells in the medial prefrontal cortex moderate stress induced depressive behaviors. eLife. 2015;4:e08752.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Sibille E, Wang Y, Joeyen-Waldorf J, Gaiteri C, Surget A, Oh S, et al. A molecular signature of depression in the amygdala. Am J Psychiatry. 2009;166:1011\u201324.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Anacker C, Zunszain PA, Carvalho LA, Pariante CM. The glucocorticoid receptor: pivot of depression and of antidepressant treatment? Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2011;36:415\u201325.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Garcia A, Steiner B, Kronenberg G, Bick-Sander A, Kempermann G. Age-dependent expression of glucocorticoid- and mineralocorticoid receptors on neural precursor cell populations in the adult murine hippocampus. Aging Cell. 2004;3:363\u201371.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Egeland M, Zunszain PA, Pariante CM. Molecular mechanisms in the regulation of adult neurogenesis during stress. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2015;16:189\u2013200.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Fitzsimons CP, van Hooijdonk LW, Schouten M, Zalachoras I, Brinks V, Zheng T, et al. Knockdown of the glucocorticoid receptor alters functional integration of newborn neurons in the adult hippocampus and impairs fear-motivated behavior. Mol Psychiatry. 2013;18:993\u20131005.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Kumamaru E, Numakawa T, Adachi N, Yagasaki Y, Izumi A, Niyaz M, et al. Glucocorticoid prevents brain-derived neurotrophic factor-mediated maturation of synaptic function in developing hippocampal neurons through reduction in the activity of mitogen-activated protein kinase. Mol Endocrinol. 2008;22:546\u201358.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Pfisterer U, Khodosevich K. Neuronal survival in the brain: neuron type-specific mechanisms. Cell Death Dis. 2017;8:e2643. e<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Kandasamy M, Lehner B, Kraus S, Sander PR, Marschallinger J, Rivera FJ, et al. TGF-beta signalling in the adult neurogenic niche promotes stem cell quiescence as well as generation of new neurons. J Cell Mol Med. 2014;18:1444\u201359.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

He Y, Zhang H, Yung A, Villeda SA, Jaeger PA, Olayiwola O, et al. ALK5-dependent TGF-\u03b2 signaling is a major determinant of late-stage adult neurogenesis. Nat Neurosci. 2014;17:943\u201352.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

You Z, Luo C, Zhang W, Chen Y, He J, Zhao Q, et al. Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines expression in rat\u2019s brain and spleen exposed to chronic mild stress: involvement in depression. Behav Brain Res. 2011;225:135\u201341.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Anacker C, Cattaneo A, Luoni A, Musaelyan K, Zunszain PA, Milanesi E, et al. Glucocorticoid-related molecular signaling pathways regulating hippocampal neurogenesis. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2013;38:872\u201383.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Lussier AL, Lebedeva K, Fenton EY, Guskjolen A, Caruncho HJ, Kalynchuk LE. The progressive development of depression-like behavior in corticosterone-treated rats is paralleled by slowed granule cell maturation and decreased reelin expression in the adult dentate gyrus. Neuropharmacology. 2013;71:174\u201383.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Lussier AL, Romay-Tall\u00f3n R, Kalynchuk LE, Caruncho HJ. Reelin as a putative vulnerability factor for depression: examining the depressogenic effects of repeated corticosterone in heterozygous reeler mice. Neuropharmacology. 2011;60:1064\u201374.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Nguyen PT, Sun E, Shi Y, Tamura S, Xiao Y, Lacefield C, et al. Antidepressants reactivate developmental plasticity through remodeling of extracellular matrix. bioRxiv. 2025.01.03.631260 [Preprint]. 2025. https:\/\/www.biorxiv.org\/content\/10.1101\/2025.01.03.631260v3<\/a><\/p>\n

Klimczak P, Rivero O, Molto MD, Unzueta-Larrinaga P, Alcaide J, Gramuntell Y, et al. Alterations in gene expression and protein levels of extracellular matrix-related molecules in major depressive disorder: Insights from analyses in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. Neurobiol Dis. 2026;226:107466.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Zhao J, Lucassen PJ, Swaab DF. Suicide is a confounder in postmortem studies on depression. Biol Psychiatry. 2019;86:e37\u2013e40.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Sequeira A, Klempan T, Canetti L, ffrench-Mullen J, Benkelfat C, Rouleau GA, et al. Patterns of gene expression in the limbic system of suicides with and without major depression. Mol Psychiatry. 2007;12:640\u201355.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Tosoni G, Ayyildiz D, Bryois J, Macnair W, Fitzsimons CP, Lucassen PJ, et al. Mapping human adult hippocampal neurogenesis with single-cell transcriptomics: Reconciling controversy or fueling the debate? Neuron. 2023;111:1714\u201331 e3.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Chen B, Dowlatshahi D, MacQueen GM, Wang J-F, Young LT. Increased hippocampal bdnf immunoreactivity in subjects treated with antidepressant medication. Biol Psychiatry. 2001;50:260\u20135.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Hupalo D, Forsberg CW, Goldberg J, Kremen WS, Lyons MJ, Soltis AR, et al. Rare variant association study of veteran twin whole-genomes links severe depression with a nonsynonymous change in the neuronal gene BHLHE22. World J Biol Psychiatry. 2022;23:295\u2013306.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Wang H, Warner-Schmidt J, Varela S, Enikolopov G, Greengard P, Flajolet M. Norbin ablation results in defective adult hippocampal neurogenesis and depressive-like behavior in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2015;112:9745\u201350.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Bagot RC, Cates HM, Purushothaman I, Lorsch ZS, Walker DM, Wang J, et al. Circuit-wide transcriptional profiling reveals brain region-specific gene networks regulating depression susceptibility. Neuron. 2016;90:969\u201383.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Kranaster L, Blennow K, Zetterberg H, Sartorius A. Electroconvulsive therapy does not alter the synaptic protein neurogranin in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with major depression. J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2017;124:1641\u20135.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Steinacker P, Werner L, Tarabuko A, Al-Ali I, Mechawar N, Pryce CR, et al. Evidence for reduced synaptic protein SNAP-25 in cerebrospinal fluid in major depressive disorder and schizophrenia. BMJ Ment Health. 2025;28:e301752.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

De Donno C, Lopez JP, Luecken MD, Kos A, Brivio E, Bordes J, et al. Single-cell characterization of the adult male hippocampus suggests a prominent, and cell-type specific, role for Nrgn and Sgk1 in response to a social stressor. Mol Psychiatry. 2026;31:1823\u201336.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Son H, Banasr M, Choi M, Chae SY, Licznerski P, Lee B, et al. Neuritin produces antidepressant actions and blocks the neuronal and behavioral deficits caused by chronic stress. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2012;109:11378\u201383.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Prats C, Arias B, Ortet G, Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez MI, Moya J, Pomarol-Clotet E, et al. Role of neurotrophins in depressive symptoms and executive function: Association analysis of NRN1 gene and its interaction with BDNF gene in a non-clinical sample. J Affect Disord. 2017;211:92\u20138.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Al Shweiki MHDR, Oeckl P, Steinacker P, Barschke P, Dorner-Ciossek C, Hengerer B, et al. Proteomic analysis reveals a biosignature of decreased synaptic protein in cerebrospinal fluid of major depressive disorder. Transl Psychiatry. 2020;10:144.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Xu J, Erlendsson S, Singh M, Holling GA, Regier M, Ibiricu I, et al. PNMA2 forms immunogenic non-enveloped virus-like capsids associated with paraneoplastic neurological syndrome. Cell. 2024;187:831\u201345.e19.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Zheng Q, Zheng X, Zhang L, Luo H, Qian L, Fu X, et al. The neuron-specific protein TMEM59L mediates oxidative stress-induced cell death. Mol Neurobiol. 2017;54:4189\u2013200.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n

Qin S, Eugene AR, Liu D, Zhang L, Neavin D, Biernacka JM, et al. Dual roles for the TSPYL family in mediating serotonin transport and the metabolism of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in patients with major depressive disorder. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2020;107:662\u201370.<\/p>\n

Article<\/a>\u00a0
\n CAS<\/a>\u00a0
\n PubMed<\/a>\u00a0
\n
\n Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"World Health Organization. Depressive disorder (depression) 2025 [Available from: https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/depression. Lucassen PJ, Fitzsimons CP, Korosi A, Joels M,…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":775009,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[19732,69031,15378,3275,59,3250,102,3249,367,7927,69030,20494,56,54,55],"class_list":["post-775008","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-health","tag-behavioral-sciences","tag-biological-psychology","tag-cell-biology","tag-depression","tag-gb","tag-general","tag-health","tag-medicine-public-health","tag-neuroscience","tag-neurosciences","tag-pharmacotherapy","tag-psychiatry","tag-uk","tag-united-kingdom","tag-unitedkingdom"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/775008","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=775008"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/775008\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/775009"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=775008"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=775008"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=775008"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}