The California Department of Education sued Oakland Unified School District this month, alleging the district failed to implement remedies to address antisemitism on its campus.

The legal action comes just a few weeks after two Jewish advocacy organizations sued California and top state education officials alleging they failed to protect Jewish students from antisemitic harassment in K-12 public schools across the Bay Area and statewide.

The state’s lawsuit, filed March 5, follows a months-long legal saga between Oakland Unified and Jewish families, who have alleged the district discriminated against Jewish students or did not adequately address antisemitism in the district at least 17 times since Oct. 2023, when Hamas attacked Israel and Israel countered against the Islamic group in neighboring Gaza.

Oakland Unified declined to comment, stating the district does not comment on pending litigation.

The families’ complaint, filed by Oakland’s Law Office of Marleen Sacks, included allegations of discrimination ranging from a biased handling of Jewish American Heritage Month and the flying of a Palestinian flag at a high school, to antisemitic materials distributed by a middle school teacher and a staff-organized walkout in protest of the war in Gaza.

“The District has been deliberately discriminating against and violating the rights of Jewish and Israeli students for years,” Sacks said in a statement Wednesday. “They have been repeatedly ordered to take corrective action and have failed to do so. We file complaints and the District continues to ignore them.  Hopefully, the CDE’s lawsuit will help to address the problem.”

A separate complaint, filed by Sacks on behalf of the Oakland Jewish Alliance in April, alleged the district repeatedly failed to properly investigate allegations of antisemitism and created a “hostile environment” for Jewish families and staff.

The state education department first intervened in Oct. 2025, and concluded that Oakland Unified discriminated against Jewish students in several instances and ordered the district to take several corrective actions, including mandating additional staff training, holding student assemblies addressing the Holocaust and the harm caused by antisemitic imagery and sending a districtwide letter to families and staff condemning antisemitism and describing preventive and remedial steps.

In January, the state issued a final decision and gave Oakland Unified until March 1 to complete the required actions.

Now, the state is alleging that Oakland Unified failed to complete those actions and is seeking a court to order compliance. Under California law, if corrective action is not taken by the district, the California Department of Education can withhold all or part of the district’s state or federal funding — but only after the state has determined that “compliance cannot be secured by other means,” including through a court order.

The lawsuit comes after the California Department of Education investigated more than a dozen antisemitism-related complaint cases since December 2023 and determined that districts from Santa Clara County to Marin County did not consistently follow required complaint procedures, failed to properly investigate allegations or did not take corrective action when warranted.

Any threat to education funding is severe for Oakland Unified, which is currently battling a $100 million budget deficit and only recently exited state oversight. The district was under more than 20 years of fiscal supervision from the Alameda County Office of Education and the state, following an emergency $100 million state loan in 2003.