Florida Governor Ron DeSantis is correct that artificial intelligence deserves serious attention from policymakers. AI is rapidly transforming economies, and states that understand this will attract investment, talent, and innovation. But if Florida hopes to lead, its debate over an “AI Bill of Rights” should begin with a clearer understanding of what AI is—and what it isn’t.
Florida has built a reputation for being open for business, entrepreneurial, and forward-looking. That spirit is already visible in the state’s embrace of AI. The University of Florida partnered with Nvidia to host one of the fastest supercomputers in higher education, helping transform research and education. Florida agriculture is deploying AI-guided drones to monitor crops and smart sprayers that reduce chemical use by roughly 30 percent. Cities use AI for traffic management. Researchers at UF, Florida International University, and the University of Central Florida are using AI to treat pancreatic cancer, improve brain imaging, predict heart disease, and improve patient care.
Yet much of the current discussion about AI policy rests on misconceptions.
The first is the fear that AI will “supplant” humans. But replacing human effort is exactly how technological progress improves lives. Tractors replaced human and animal labor in agriculture, spreadsheets replaced armies of accountants, and automated logistics replaced manual scheduling. Fifty years ago, one American farmer fed about 73 people. Today, that number is roughly 165. If farm productivity had remained unchanged, the US would need millions more farmers—over twice today’s entire nursing workforce. Automation didn’t eliminate work; it freed people to do other things and helped make food, transportation, and countless goods more affordable.
The second misconception is that AI can somehow be “unplugged.” The governor has said there must be a way to pull the plug if AI causes harm. But AI isn’t a single machine or system. It’s a broad family of mathematical techniques embedded throughout modern technologies—from search engines and GPS navigation to spam filters, medical devices, and business analytics. Even email systems use AI algorithms. There is no switch to turn it off. Trying to turn off AI would be like trying to eliminate statistics. But even if there were possible, imagine dismantling large parts of the modern economy, including transportation networks, digital services, and medical technologies.
A third misunderstanding is the belief that technological progress can occur without risk. Every innovation in history has brought benefits alongside unintended harms. Automobiles connect families and enable commerce, yet they are also used in crimes. Telephones save lives in emergencies, yet they can also carry threats or scams. Even the humble Post-it note—perhaps the closest thing to a harmless invention—has reportedly been used by burglars to mark houses or by stalkers to harass victims. The presence of risk has never been a reason to halt innovation; it has been a reason to innovate more and manage risks.
Finally, the proposed legislation illustrates the difficulty of regulating something as broad as AI. The bill defines artificial intelligence as any “machine-based system” that can make predictions or recommendations based on human objectives. By that definition, AI includes everything from spreadsheets for financial forecasts to your phone suggesting the next word in a text message to online platforms helping small businesses decide where to advertise. In practice, that means nearly every company and organization in Florida would qualify as an “AI technology company.” Imposing sweeping obligations on all of them would burden everyone, especially small businesses, while doing little to address genuine risks.
Florida should absolutely think carefully about artificial intelligence. But thoughtful policy begins with clear thinking about technology and economics. AI is not a single machine that can be unplugged, nor is it unusual for technology to complement and replace specific forms of human effort. It is the latest chapter in a long history of tools that make people more productive.
If Florida wants to lead the next era of innovation—as its universities, entrepreneurs, and researchers already are—its policymakers should worry less about putting barriers around AI and focus more on ensuring the state remains one of the best places in the world to build AI responsibly.