Good Wednesday morning.

Good news, indeed — Goodies Eatery is back. The beloved downtown breakfast spot reopens Wednesday at its new home inside the Highpoint Center on College Avenue, with longtime fan-turned-owner Will Johnson at the helm. Expect the same feel and same menu, just a fresh start at a new location.

Goodies Eatery returns Wednesday to downtown Tallahassee, serving its classic breakfast favorites in a brand-new home.

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First in Sunburn — U.S. Rep. Byron Donalds has locked down the support of 63 members of the Florida House Republican Caucus — roughly three-quarters of the chamber’s GOP delegation — in his campaign for Governor.

The endorsements follow President Donald Trump’s backing of the Naples Republican earlier this year and reinforce Donalds’ standing as the early frontrunner in the 2026 race.

“President Trump endorsed Byron Donalds for Governor for the same reason that Floridians will overwhelmingly elect him,” said House Speaker Danny Perez, one of the top lawmakers joining the list. “He will fight for our families and our state. He will make Florida government work for our people, not for himself.”

Byron Donalds secures backing from 63 Florida House Republicans, cementing frontrunner status in 2026 Governor’s race.

Rep. Jennifer Canady called Donalds “exactly the kind of leader Florida needs,” while Majority Leader Tyler Sirois praised him as a “principled conservative who leads with courage, conviction and integrity.”

The growing slate of legislative supporters joins 15 sheriffs, 16 members of Florida’s congressional delegation and U.S. House leadership figures who have endorsed Donalds. His campaign recently reported a $9 million third quarter haul and internal polling showing him leading both Primary and General Election opponents.

Donalds’ early backers in the Legislature include Reps. Jessica Baker, Yvette Benarroch, Toby Overdorf, Jenna Persons-Mulicka, Juan Porras, and Meg Weinberger, several of whom endorsed him when he launched his bid in February.

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Jim Boyd was formally designated the next President of the Florida Senate in a meeting of the Republican Caucus on Wednesday.

Sen. Danny Burgess was the first to nominate Boyd. Burgess, a veteran of the U.S. Army, listed the Army’s Seven Core Values: Loyalty, Duty, Respect, Selfless Service, Honor, Integrity and Personal Courage. “Jim Boyd,” he said, “you check every box.”

“You are guided by your conservative principles, not by convenience or popularity. You don’t believe that we are here to be someone, but to do something,” said Burgess.

Jim Boyd, designated as the next Florida Senate President, is praised for his integrity, leadership and his “diamond standard” legacy. Image via the Workmans/Florida Politics.

Burgess and Boyd are both members of two niche caucuses: The King Cavalier Caucus and the RV Caucus. Followers can expect to see some related legislation in the years ahead.

Sen. Jay Trumbull seconded the nomination, warning bystanders to listen for the hum of the President-designate’s favorite tune, “Hell to Da Naw Naw,” in times of conflict or strife. The Senator detailed Boyd’s no-nonsense approach to leadership was something that many had come to admire in the leader.

In all seriousness, Trumbull explained: “Long after the applause fades and headlines shift, Jim Boyd’s legacy will remain in the reforms we will pass, the voices he will amplify, the relationships he will build & the standard of leadership he will set.”

The theme throughout the remarks was, of course, centered around diamonds. The future Senate President is known to many in the process as “Diamond Jim.” Burgess noted that a diamond is a lump of coal that did well under pressure. Trumbull made clear that Boyd sets the diamond standard for all to follow.

During his remarks, Senate President-designate Boyd referred to the story of Samuel Sparks Lamb, the father of Palmetto, Boyd’s hometown. Lamb arrived in Florida in 1866 and began building a vision for a Main Street-driven community. He donated land to create schools, churches, a park and a library. His vision was not just for his family to enjoy, but for a future he would never fully see.

Boyd called on his colleagues to be trailblazers like Lamb. “As members of the Florida Legislature, I believe that is our calling: To be trailblazers.”

“To take the Florida entrusted to us today and envision what it can be tomorrow. To widen the path, to expand opportunity and to ensure our children inherit a state even stronger than the one we know today,” Boyd explained.

He outlined his priorities only briefly, stating that: “My vision is a Florida where every person has the chance to prosper. A Florida where families feel safe in their neighborhoods, where parents know their voices matter and where every child can pursue an education that prepares them for the future. A Florida where businesses grow, innovators thrive and hard work is rewarded. A Florida where our natural treasures — from the Everglades to our rivers and coasts — are protected, restored and cherished. For they are the lifeblood of both our economy and our heritage. Above all, my vision is a Florida that remains the beacon of freedom and opportunity for our nation.”

Symbols of District 20, which Boyd represents, were woven throughout the ceremony. The choir led the National Anthem from the State College of Florida Manatee-Sarasota. The color guard was comprised of law enforcement officers from the Manatee County Sheriff’s Office, including Commander, Detective Darryl Davis; Assistant Commander, Sergeant Keyion Laws; Detective Lorenzo Waiters; and Deputy Charles Bigby. Many leaders from the region, including former Senate Presidents, Sheriffs, Fire Chiefs and Mayors were in attendance.

The highlight of the ceremony was most certainly the Pledge of Allegiance. Jim and Sandy Boyd’s grandkids, Houston and Emmette, led the chamber in this tribute to the flag.

To mark the occasion, Senate President-designate Boyd gifted a painting to his colleagues in the Senate. It featured an image of the Capitol painted by R.L. Lewis, one of Florida’s original highwaymen.

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The James Madison Institute has released a new report evaluating options to reform Florida’s current property tax system, including the economic impacts of the status quo and various reform options.

The study, entitled “Property Tax Relief in Florida: Challenges, Options, and the Path to True Homeownership,” found an overwhelming desire among Floridians to reduce or eliminate property tax exposure.

Authored by Vance Ginn and Joseph Johns, the study found that 72% of Floridians crave some form of reform.

The James Madison Institute study urges major reforms to Florida’s property tax system, highlighting widespread demand for relief.

Options in the report include incremental measures such as increased homestead exemptions, appraisal caps or short-term relief through levied caps; surplus-driven buydowns with local spending caps to gradually lower millage rates; and a sales tax swap to shift school funding away from property taxes.

The key takeaway from the study was not whether property tax burdens should be lowered, but rather how far reforms should go. The findings show that Florida has the opportunity to lead the nation in lasting relief.

“Real reform begins with limiting spending and responsibly reducing — or even eliminating — property taxes to protect homeownership and strengthen Florida’s future,” said Ginn, President of Ginn Economic Consulting.

The study comes as the state continues its own Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE) efforts styled after the Elon Musk-created federal initiative that sought to root out waste, fraud and abuse in government spending. Already, that process has led to several recommendations for local governments across the state, including in the Tampa Bay area and North, South and Central Florida.

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Republican congressional candidate Michael Carbonara says his campaign is closing in on the $1 million mark, a fundraising haul that would make him a serious financial contender in the race against Democratic U.S. Rep. Debbie Wasserman Schultz in Florida’s 25th Congressional District.

The Broward County businessperson and first-time candidate is touting an unconventional fundraising strategy built around cryptocurrency, using a blockchain-based public wallet to display campaign assets and spending in real time. According to the campaign, the digital account now holds nearly $1 million in liquid assets.

Michael Carbonara nears $1 million fundraising mark using cryptocurrency in challenge to Debbie Wasserman Schultz.

“Floridians are struggling to make ends meet with the high cost of groceries, essentials, property taxes and insurance. When the government should be working to make life better, Debbie Wasserman Schultz is keeping the government shut down,” Carbonara said.

“It’s time we retire career politicians and let hard work and innovation make the government work for you. I’m running to restore our freedoms and give every American the chance to prosper.”

The campaign says its holdings, invested primarily in Bitcoin, outpace the $811,417 Wasserman Schultz reported in receipts from Jan. 1 through June 30, according to federal campaign finance filings.

Carbonara officially launched his campaign last month. He describes himself as a “lifelong conservative” and says his priorities include reducing inflation, protecting free speech and supporting small businesses.

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The Florida Wildlife Corridor Foundation has named Bret Prater as its new Director of Government Relations, adding a veteran of Florida’s legislative and executive branches to its leadership team.

Prater brings more than 20 years of government and political experience to the role, where he will oversee the Corridor Foundation’s advocacy and public policy work aimed at protecting and connecting the Florida Wildlife Corridor — a conservation network linking the state’s natural and working lands from the Panhandle to the Everglades.

Bret Prater joins the Florida Wildlife Corridor Foundation as Director of Government Relations, strengthening conservation advocacy statewide.

“Bret’s deep understanding of Florida’s political and policy landscape, particularly in agriculture and water conservation, makes him the ideal leader to advance the vision of a permanently connected Florida Wildlife Corridor,” said Mallory Dimmitt, CEO of the Florida Wildlife Corridor Foundation. “His proven success navigating Florida’s political and government landscape will be invaluable as we work to keep Florida wild. We are thrilled to welcome him to the team.”

Prater joins the organization from the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, where he served as assistant director of Agricultural Water Policy. In that position, he helped implement agricultural Best Management Practices and coordinated with producers, state agencies, and water management districts on statewide water policy.

“From the beaches to the backwoods, Florida’s nature is a part of our everyday lives and our weekend escapes. That shared experience is why we have a collective responsibility to safeguard it as Florida grows,” said Prater.

— SITUATIONAL AWARENESS —

—@RealDonaldTrump: Time Magazine wrote a relatively good story about me, but the picture may be the Worst of All Time. They “disappeared” my hair and then had something floating on top of my head that looked like a floating crown, but an extremely small one. Really weird! I never liked taking pictures from underneath angles, but this is a super bad picture and deserves to be called out. What are they doing, and why?

—@WHOMB: OMB is making every preparation to batten down the hatches and ride out the Democrats’ intransigence. Pay the troops, pay law enforcement, continue the RIFs, and wait

—@Seungminkim: U.S. revokes visas for 6 foreigners over Charlie Kirk-related speech

—@Paul_Renner: Today would have been Charlie Kirk’s 32nd birthday. Charlie’s faith was the foundation of everything he did. He loved Jesus, his family, and his country. He inspired young people to think critically and live boldly in their convictions. We can honor his legacy by picking up his banner and continuing the fight for truth, freedom, and the future of this great nation.

—@Fineout: State Sen. Jim Boyd – who was just designated as next GOP nominee for FL Senate President — praises @JoeGruters for supporting his bid for President from the start. Gruters is in D.C. working as RNC Chair. @GovRonDeSantis — who has ripped Gruters in past — is sitting at front

— DAYS UNTIL —

Florida Restaurant & Lodging Association (FRLA) Fall Board Meeting and Gala begins — 5; NBA returns to NBC, with 2025-2026 season Opening Day tipoffs including the Houston Rockets visiting the Oklahoma City Thunder — 6; ’Mayor of Kingstown’ season four premieres — 11; Future of Florida Forum (F3) & Florida Chamber annual meeting — 12; Miami Beach City Commission Elections — 20; ‘Landman’ season two premieres on Paramount+ — 32; ’Wicked: For Good’ premieres — 37; ’Stranger Things’ final season premieres — 42; Bears vs. Eagles on Black Friday — 44; Florida Transportation, Growth & Infrastructure Solution Summit — 49; Florida Chamber Annual Insurance Summit — 49; Special General Elections for SD 11 and HD 90 — 55; ‘Wake Up Dead Man: A Knives Out Mystery’ premieres — 58; ‘Taylor Swift | The Eras Tour | The End of an Era’ six-episode, behind-the-scenes docuseries premieres on Disney+ — 58; Gov. Ron DeSantis and the Cabinet will meet — 63; ’Avatar: Fire and Ash’ premieres — 65; Broncos vs. Chiefs in Kansas City on Christmas Day — 71; Legislative Session begins — 90; Florida Chamber’s 2026 Legislative Fly-In — 90; ‘Game of Thrones’ prequel ‘A Knight of the Seven Kingdoms’ premieres on HBO — 95; ‘Melania’ documentary premieres — 107; Milano Cortina Olympic & Paralympic Games begin — 114; last day of the Regular Session — 149; Yankees-Giants Opening Day matchup/Netflix’s first exclusive MLB stream — 161; MLB 14-game Opening Day slate — 162; Tampa Bay Rays will play their first game at the newly repaired Tropicana Field — 173; MLB Jackie Robinson Day — 182; First Qualifying Period for 2026 begins (Federal) — 187; Federal Qualifying Period ends — 191; F1 Miami begins — 198; ’Star Wars: The Mandalorian and Grogu’ premieres — 219; MLB Lou Gehrig Day — 230; Second Qualifying Period for 2026 begins (State) — 236; State Qualifying Period ends — 240; FIFA World Cup begins — 239; Primary Election 2026: Deadline to send vote-by-mail ballots to UOCAVA voters — 262; Primary Election 2026: Deadline to send vote-by-mail ballots to domestic voters — 267; 96th annual MLB All-Star Game — 272; Domestic Primary Election VBM Ballots Mailed deadline — 274; Primary Election 2026: Deadline to register to vote or change party affiliation — 278; Primary Election 2026: Deadline to request that ballot be mailed — 295; Primary Election 2026: Early voting period begins (mandatory period) — 297; Primary Election Day 2026 — 307; Yankees host the Mets to mark the 25th anniversary of 9/11 — 331; MLB Roberto Clemente Day — 335; General Election 2026: Deadline to send vote-by-mail ballots to UOCAVA voters — 339; General Election 2026: Deadline to send vote-by-mail ballots to domestic voters — 344; Domestic General Election VBM Ballots Mailed deadline — 351; General Election 2026: Deadline to register to vote — 355; Early Voting General Election Mandatory period begins — 374; 2026 General Election — 384; ’Avengers: Doomsday’ premieres — 429; Another untitled ’Star Wars’ movie premieres — 429; Tampa Mayoral Election — 503; Jacksonville First Election — 524; Jacksonville General Election — 580; ‘Spider-Man: Beyond The Spider-Verse’ premieres — 598; ‘Bluey The Movie’ premieres — 660; ’The Batman 2’ premieres — 716; ’Avengers: Secret Wars’ premieres — 793; Los Angeles Olympics Opening Ceremony — 1003; U.S. Presidential Election — 1119; ’Avatar 4’ premieres — 1519; ’Avatar 5’ premieres — 2250.

— TOP STORY —

“Enviro group contends state officials withheld critical Alligator Alcatraz funding records” via Bruce Ritchie of POLITICO — An environmental group is accusing Florida officials of concealing key documents related to federal funding for Alligator Alcatraz, the controversial immigration detention facility built in the Everglades. In a lawsuit filed Tuesday in state court, Friends of the Everglades alleges that the Florida Department of Emergency Management “wrongfully” withheld a federal grant application that could have altered the outcome of a major legal decision allowing the facility to continue operating.

Friends of the Everglades sues Florida, alleging officials withheld federal grant records tied to the Alligator Alcatraz facility.

Friends of the Everglades, which has already joined other organizations in a federal lawsuit challenging the facility’s legality, said it requested public records about the project months ago under Florida’s Sunshine Law. The group claims those requests went unanswered until after the U.S. 11th Circuit Court of Appeals ruled against them in early September.

In that ruling, the split appeals panel emphasized that Florida had not sought federal funding for Alligator Alcatraz. This factor heavily influenced its decision to overturn a lower court order halting the facility’s operation. Friends of the Everglades now argues that the assertion was false, pointing to newly revealed evidence that the state had, in fact, submitted a federal grant application connected to the project.

Attorney Paul Schwiep, representing the group, said the withheld records undermined the integrity of the appeals process. “The Court of Appeals said more than once that the Department had not applied for federal funding,” he noted. “We now know this was wrong.”

The lawsuit seeks immediate release of all related documents, arguing that transparency is essential to ensure accountability in the state’s environmental and immigration policies.

— STATEWIDE —

“Hope Florida grand jury begins work as nonprofit leader, Rep. appear at courthouse” via Alexandra Glorioso, Lawrence Mower, Justin Garcia and Romy Ellenbogen of the Miami Herald — A criminal investigation related to millions of dollars steered from a Florida Medicaid settlement to the state-created Hope Florida Foundation entered a new phase on Tuesday, with two key figures appearing to have testified before a grand jury. State Rep. Alex Andrade, a Republican who led a House investigation this Spring into whether Medicaid settlement money was passed through the foundation to a political committee controlled by the Governor’s Chief of Staff, was seen entering the Leon County Courthouse around 12:30 p.m. Andrade has accused Florida’s Attorney General and the charity’s lawyer of using the Medicaid settlement to fund a campaign to defeat an amendment last year to legalize recreational marijuana. Money from Medicaid settlements is highly regulated.

Ron and Casey DeSantis’ Hope Florida face the beginning of a grand jury probe over diverted Medicaid settlement funds.

“Florida goes after Roku for allegedly collecting children’s streaming data” via Andrew Atterbury of POLITICO — Florida Attorney General James Uthmeier is filing a lawsuit against streaming giant Roku, accusing the company of violating the state’s tech privacy and consumer protection laws by collecting and selling personal data from children without parental consent. The lawsuit, filed in state circuit court, alleges Roku gathers viewing habits, voice recordings, geolocation, and purchase history from young users of programs like “CoComelon” and “Sesame Street.” Uthmeier called the practice a violation of Florida’s Digital Bill of Rights and of parents’ control over their children’s data. Florida seeks to halt Roku’s data collection and impose penalties. The case marks the state’s latest move against Big Tech following laws restricting minors’ access to social media platforms.

“More than $6 billion in Ron DeSantis ‘emergency’ contracts are missing legally required public documentation” via Daniel Ducassi of Florida Bulldog — The Transparency Florida Act says state agencies must publish contracts to the state’s contract tracking website within 30 days of being signed. However, an analysis of nearly a thousand emergency state contracts worth $1 million or more identified 719 eligible contracts – many inked years before – that are not publicly posted on the Florida Accountability Contract Tracking System. The total value of the missing agreements is more than $6 billion.

“Missing state vehicles identified, agency chief tells lawmakers” via Jeffrey Schweers of the Orlando Sentinel — A state audit presented to a legislative Oversight Committee in March noted that the state’s new vehicle tracking system couldn’t account for about 2,300 vehicles, valued at $57 million, that were listed in the state’s overall database. The audit also found “numerous unmatched, inconsistent, missing, or incomplete records,” including 1,535 inaccurate delivery dates and 1,695 missing delivery dates. The findings upset lawmakers who noted the state’s Department of Management Services, which oversees a fleet of state-owned vehicles, had gone through three different IT systems to try to track the cars and trucks but was still failing. One lawmaker complained he couldn’t even get a straight answer on how many total vehicles Florida owned. Director Tom Berger told members of the Senate Committee on Governmental Oversight and Accountability that all those vehicles are now accounted for and that his agency had completed nearly all of the Auditor General’s recommendations to improve oversight of the state’s roughly 27,000 vehicles.

“Florida’s manufacturing workforce is ‘aging out,’ says Commerce Secretary Alex Kelly” via Mitch Perry of Florida Phoenix — While Florida leads the nation in attracting and developing skilled workers, headwinds are approaching, according to Florida Commerce Secretary Alex Kelly. Florida is now third in the country for the number of total manufacturing companies, but only 10th in the number of manufacturing employees, at approximately 430,000. Since 2014, Florida has increased manufacturing employment by 23.3% and in 2022, the average annual wage for manufacturing jobs was more than $74,000. Speaking before the House Careers and Workforce Subcommittee, Kelly discussed what he described as a “huge challenge” in getting young people interested in skilled labor environments, noting that a high salary isn’t always the driving factor. And he said that more than 50% of Florida’s manufacturing workforce is 45 years or older.

—“Alex Kelly says North Carolina ‘megafund’ beat out Florida for a $500M manufacturing facility” via Gabrielle Russon of Florida Politics

“Don Gaetz revives housing bill to tackle Florida’s affordability crisis” via Andrew Powell of Florida Politics — A bill aimed at expanding access to affordable housing has been refiled to help accommodate Florida’s growing population. Gaetz filed the measure (SB 48), co-sponsored by Tamarac Democratic Sen. Rosalind Osgood, which aims to implement several provisions to reduce costs for renters while easing regulations for homeowners wanting to build accessory dwellings on their existing properties. Gaetz filed a similar measure (SB 184) during the 2025 Legislative Session. However, despite bipartisan support during the bill’s passage through the Committee, it ultimately stalled. The bill would establish what qualifies as a reusable tenant screening report, which includes employment verification, eviction history, and credit information.

“Shevrin Jones refiles bill to safeguard arrested pregnant women” via Andrew Powell of Florida Politics — After years of repeated attempts, a proposed law could finally bring enhanced safeguards and protocols to protect the health and rights of pregnant women in police custody. Miami Gardens Democratic Sen. Jones filed the measure (SB 172), alongside a House companion bill filed by Tampa Democratic Rep. Dianne Hart (HB 59), which aims to implement pregnancy testing, flexible sentencing, and postpartum care for pregnant women facing incarceration. Known as “Ava’s Law,” the legislation is in honor of a newborn baby who died in August 2021 after her mother, Erica Thompson, went into premature labor alone in a cell in Alachua County jail. Jones first filed Ava’s Law in 2021 and has subsequently refiled the measure every year since.

Shevrin Jones reintroduces ‘Ava’s Law’ to protect pregnant women in custody and ensure postpartum care.

“Jones proposes ‘People’s Relief Program’ to aid struggling Floridians” via Jesse Scheckner of Florida Politics — Sen. Jones is filing SB 170, the “People’s Relief Program,” a proposed state-funded initiative to help Floridians struggling with essential expenses such as housing, child care, utilities, health care, and property insurance. Managed by the Department of Children and Families, the program would provide grants to residents who can show financial hardship and at least one year of Florida residency. Jones framed the measure as a bipartisan call to action amid rising living costs, urging lawmakers to make affordability a shared priority. Funding would rely on annual legislative appropriations. The Miami Gardens Democrat also introduced bills on teacher mentorship, school athletics, and protections for arrested pregnant women ahead of the 2026 Session, which begins Jan. 13 after the current interim Committee meetings.

“Rosalind Osgood bill ensures basic rights for inmates” via Andrew Powell of Florida Politics — The fundamental human rights of Florida’s prison population could get a boost if a newly filed bill is adopted. Osgood filed the measure (SB 106), which aims to protect the fundamental rights of inmates within the state’s correctional system. The bill would establish essential requirements that would be guaranteed for all inmates in Florida, including proper ventilation, health products, sufficient food during emergencies and a process for resolving inmate complaints. The Department of Corrections would be required to provide necessary health supplies, including personal protective equipment for medical staff at all times, and for staff and inmates during health crises or during any cleaning.

New and renewed lobbying registrations:

Mark Delegal, Joshua Aubuchon, Scott Jenkins, Christine Ashburn, Delegal Aubuchon Consulting: American Financial Services Association

Patrick Bell, Capitol Solutions: Lafayette County School District

Bill Rubin, Heather Turnbull, Erica Chanti, Kevin Comerer, Zachary Hubbard, Rubin, Turnbull & Associates: Embarc Collective, Fletcher FL IL, Waymo

Jose Diaz, Robert M. Levy & Associates: Floridians for Responsible and Effective Solutions in Health

Stephen Ecenia, Rutledge Ecenia: Florida Birth-Related Neurological Injury Compensation Association

Kari Hebrank, Lucas Parsons, Carlton Fields: KINGFISH HOLDINGS OF FLORIDA

Brian Jogerst, The Griffin Group: AAHomecare

Chancer Teel: Department of Children and Families

Happening today — “Florida Chamber marks ‘Support Your Local Chamber’ Day” via Drew Wilson of Florida Politics — The Florida Chamber of Commerce will join chambers across the country on Wednesday in recognizing National Support Your Local Chamber of Commerce Day, a nationwide celebration of the organizations that advocate for businesses. Observed annually on the third Wednesday in October, the day highlights the role local chambers play in making their areas more competitive. From rural counties to major metros, more than 200 local and regional chambers make up the Florida Chamber’s statewide network. “Local chambers are the heartbeat of Florida’s communities. They give businesses a voice, champion entrepreneurship, and bring the Florida 2030 Blueprint to life at the local level,” said Mark Wilson, president and CEO of the Florida Chamber.

Happening today — The Florida Behavioral Health Association will host a news conference to mark Behavioral Health Day. The event will spotlight the growing collaboration between law enforcement and behavioral health professionals to better address mental health and substance use crises statewide. Speakers include State Rep. Traci Koster, Florida Sheriffs Association Executive Director Matt Dunagan, FDLE Commissioner Mark Glass, AHCA Secretary Shevaun Harris, DCF Secretary Taylor Hatch, DJJ Secretary Matt Walsh and FBHA President/CEO Melanie Brown Woofter: 9:30 a.m., Florida Historic Capitol Museum, 400 S. Monroe St., Tallahassee. Media arrival is scheduled for 9 a.m.

— D.C. MATTERS —

“News outlets broadly reject Pentagon rules before deadline for signing” via Scott Nover of The Washington Post — Media across the ideological spectrum said they will not sign the Defense Department’s restrictive new press policy by Tuesday afternoon’s deadline. The Washington Post, The New York Times, The Associated Press and CNN said they wouldn’t sign, as did Newsmax and the Washington Times. Matt Murray, The Post’s executive editor, said the policy runs counter to the Constitution’s guarantee of freedom of the press. “The proposed restrictions undercut First Amendment protections by placing unnecessary constraints on gathering and publishing information,” he said. “We will continue to vigorously and fairly report on the policies and positions of the Pentagon and officials across the government.”

News outlets reject Pentagon’s new press policy, citing unconstitutional limits on journalists’ access and First Amendment rights.

“Donald Trump melts down at ABC over George Stephanopoulos snub to JD Vance” via Sarah Ewall-Wice of the Daily Beast — Trump melted down over ABC News recently ending an interview with Vance abruptly and refused to take questions from a reporter from the network on Tuesday. The President went on the attack while meeting with the President of Argentina at the White House, surrounded by top officials. Trump was taking questions from the press, but when an ABC News reporter tried to ask him one, he lost it. “You’re ABC fake news,” he snapped. “I don’t take questions from ABC fake news. After what you did with Stephanopoulos to the Vice President of the United States, I don’t take questions from ABC fake news.” “JD went through a very friendly interview with George Sloppodopoulos, who was nice enough to pay me $16 million the last time we came. He had to pay $16 million to me, which was good,” Trump said.

“ICE’s use of full-body restraints during deportations raises concerns over inhumane treatment” via Jason Dearen, Jim Mustian and Dorany Pineda of The Associated Press — The Nigerian man described being roused with other detainees in September in the middle of the night. U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement officers clasped shackles on their hands and feet, he said, and told them they were being sent to Ghana, even though none of them was from there. When they asked to speak to their attorney, he said, the officers refused and straitjacketed the already-shackled men in full-body restraint suits called the WRAP, then loaded them onto a plane for the 16-hour flight to West Africa. Referred to as “the burrito” or “the bag,” the WRAP has become a harrowing part of deportations for some immigrants. “It was just like a kidnapping,” the Nigerian man, who’s part of a federal lawsuit, said.

Yikes — “Cory Mills slapped with restraining order after Florida judge sides with accuser” via Gary Fineout of POLITICO — A north Florida judge has issued a restraining order against Rep. Mills after the central Florida Republican was accused by a former girlfriend of threatening to circulate sexually explicit videos of her. Circuit Judge Fred Koberlein ordered Mills to refrain from trying to contact Lindsay Langston, Miss United States 2024 and a Republican State Committee woman from Columbia County. In his Tuesday order, the judge said the evidence supported Langston’s assertion that Mills had caused her “substantial emotional distress” and that Mills offered “no credible rebuttal” to her testimony. He found that Langston had a “reasonable cause to believe she is in imminent danger of becoming the victim of another act of dating violence” without the restraining order being put in place.

“Florida Supreme Court rejects attempt to force Florida Bar to investigate Pam Bondi” via Livia Caputo of the Florida Phoenix — The Florida Supreme Court refused to force the Florida Bar to investigate U.S. Attorney General Bondi for alleged state ethics violations, denying a request made by dozens of lawyers and former Judges. The court’s five-sentence rejection sided with the Florida Bar — the overseer of the state’s legal profession — and state Attorney General Uthmeier, in finding that the 70-odd legal experts lacked standing to ask a state-level organization to investigate federal officials, even if they’re certified to practice law in Florida. “Because petitioner has failed to show a clear legal right to the relief requested, he is not entitled to mandamus relief,” the brief denial reads, co-signed by five of the seven Florida Supreme Court Justices.

“Gun companies hire Trump-connected lobbyists for tariff relief” via Greg Lickenbrock of Smoking Gun — According to a new Bloomberg investigation, gun companies that rely on imports are lobbying Trump for tariff exemptions. Taurus, a Brazilian manufacturer of pistols, revolvers, and lever-action rifles with a U.S. subsidiary in Bainbridge, Georgia, has hired two “Trump-aligned” lobbying firms — Ballard Partners and Checkmate Government Relations — to help with the 50% tariff on Brazilian imports that Trump announced in July. So far, Taurus has paid Ballard Partners at least $90,000 to make its case to the President.

— ELECTIONS —

“Florida GOP raises $6.26M in third quarter, as Florida Dems collect just $539K” via Jacob Ogles of Florida Politics — The Republican Party of Florida ended September with a commanding financial edge, holding a $10 million cash advantage over the Florida Democratic Party. From July through September, the GOP raised $6.26 million and spent $4.16 million, closing the quarter with $25.9 million on hand. Democrats, meanwhile, collected just $539,000 while spending $865,000, leaving $15.2 million in the bank. Major RPOF donors included First Coast Sunlight ($400,000), the Seminole Tribe of Florida ($250,000), Associated Industries of Florida ($300,000), and The GEO Group ($150,000). The Walt Disney Co. also contributed $143,000 in in-kind support, signaling thawed relations with party leaders. Democrats received no six-figure donations, with their largest coming from the Florida Democratic Legislative Campaign Committee and California-based Our Children Our Future.

Save the date:

VoteVets PAC backs Darren McAuley in CD 15 —VoteVets PAC is announcing it is endorsing Col. McAuley in Florida’s 15th Congressional District. McAuley is a U.S. Air Force veteran, sports medicine specialist, happily married father of three, and prospective candidate for Florida’s 15th Congressional District. His military service has taken him on six tours of duty and more than 300 combat hours, including caring for injured servicemen and women in combat zones in Iraq and Syria. He currently serves as State Air Surgeon for Florida and provides care within the Veterans Health Administration. He also serves as department Chair at the Orlando College of Osteopathic Medicine. Last cycle alone, VoteVets spent $50 million helping to elect VoteVets-endorsed candidates.

“Melton Little grows massive cash advantage in HD 71 contest” via Jacob Ogles of Florida Politics — Little now enjoys a nearly 3-to-1 fundraising advantage over his next closest Primary opponent. The Manatee County Republican collected more than $90,000 in the third quarter of 2025, including $20,000 in self-funding. That brings his total fundraising to more than $120,000, with a third of it coming out of pocket. “I am truly humbled by the tremendous show of support from our community,” Little said. “I asked them for help and they responded. It’s clear that the voters want someone to represent them in Tallahassee who is a qualified, experienced and committed constitutional conservative who will always keep the citizens of Manatee at the forefront of every discussion.”

— LOCAL: S. FL —

“Judge declines to stop Miami-Dade College land transfer for Trump library — for now” via Claire Heddles of the Miami Herald — A Miami-Dade Circuit Court judge on Monday declined an activist’s request to immediately block Miami-Dade College from officially deeding over downtown land for Trump’s presidential library. But Judge Mavel Ruiz, presiding over a lawsuit alleging the college violated Florida’s Sunshine law last month when trustees voted to transfer the land to the state, left the door open to temporarily stop the move in the future. The hearing — the first in the case brought last week by historian Marvin Dunn — focused solely on whether the college is allowed to proceed with the deed transfer while the case moves forward.

Judge allows Miami-Dade College to proceed with Trump library land transfer pending further Sunshine Law review.

“Joe Carollo leads the pack for Miami Mayor fundraising. See how the candidates rank” via Tess Riski of the Miami Herald — While Carollo formally filed paperwork to run for Miami Mayor at the eleventh hour just a few weeks ago, the last-minute campaign launch didn’t stop the longtime City Commissioner from raking in hundreds of thousands of dollars in contributions this Summer. Newly released campaign finance reports show that Carollo is the leading fundraiser among the baker’s dozen of candidates who qualified to run for Mayor in the city’s Nov. 4 election. For the third quarter of 2025, Carollo, a former Mayor, reported raising over $700,000 to his campaign account and his political committee, Miami First.

—“Ted Cruz endorses ‘dear friend’ Emilio González for Miami Mayor” via Jesse Scheckner of Florida Politics

—“‘The kind of leader Miami needs’: Javier Fernández, Dan Gelber back Eileen Higgins for Mayor” via Jesse Scheckner of Florida Politics

“After Charlie Kirk’s death, Miami teacher is under fire for social media posts” via Clara-Sophia Daly of the Miami Herald — Florida teachers are facing investigations for social media posts deemed insensitive after Kirk’s death — scrutiny that the state’s teachers union says targets even tangential or indirect comments. First Amendment attorneys warn that the actions against educators may be unlawful and intended to chill free speech under the guise of enforcing professional conduct rules. Andrew Spar, president of the Florida Education Association, said they currently represent 30 union teachers, staff and professors across Florida who are under fire for social media posts, some of which have nothing to do with Kirk. One teacher who is under investigation, for example, wrote, “You don’t have to feel empathy for someone that doesn’t have empathy for them.” Spar declined to provide further details on the ongoing investigations.

“The most polarizing figure in the Miami Beach election isn’t on the ballot” via Aaron Leibowitz of the Miami Herald — Ask just about any Miami Beach politician, campaign consultant or in-the-know voter about the top storylines in the upcoming city election, and they will talk about David Suarez. Suarez isn’t a candidate. The firebrand City Commissioner still has two years left in his first term. But as the Nov. 4 election for Miami Beach Mayor and three Commission seats approaches, Suarez is ubiquitous. He has been particularly unrelenting in his public criticisms of fellow Commissioner Laura Dominguez. For an elected official who isn’t on the ballot, Suarez has gone to unusual lengths to try to thwart Dominguez’s re-election campaign. He has paid for sponsored Facebook posts slamming her integrity. On Sept. 29, he gave $25,000 to a political committee supporting the campaign of Dominguez’s opponent, Fred Karlton.

—“Fabián Basabe requests state audit of Miami Beach finances, contracts, homelessness policies” via Jesse Scheckner of Florida Politics

“Andy Thomson raises more than $157K in Q3 for Boca Raton mayoral bid” via Ryan Nicol of Florida Politics — Boca Raton mayoral candidate Thomson is touting another strong fundraising quarter, saying his latest haul reflects growing grassroots energy behind his campaign. Thomson raised nearly $48,000 for his official campaign account during the third quarter, bringing his total to almost $100,000. His affiliated political committee, Running with Andy Thomson, added another $109,600 this quarter, bringing the total raised so far to nearly $275,000 between both accounts. Campaign officials said Thomson’s third quarter numbers more than doubled the amount raised by Deputy Mayor Fran Nachlas, who is also running for the post. “These numbers reflect the incredible momentum our campaign is building,” Thomson said. “Residents from every neighborhood are stepping up to be part of a movement that puts Boca’s residents first.”

Boca Raton mayoral candidate Andy Thomson reports $157K raised in Q3, extending fundraising lead over rivals.

“‘He is one of us’: West Palm Beach firefighters union backs Steve Sylvester for City Commission” via Jesse Scheckner of Florida Politics — Sylvester’s campaign for the District 5 seat of the West Palm Beach City Commission now has the official support of the municipality’s firefighters union. The West Palm Beach Association of Fire Fighters, IAFF Local 727, is backing Sylvester in what is now a two-candidate race, citing his community roots, public safety experience and residents-first policy positions. “Steve is not a career politician — he is one of us,” IAFF Local 727 President Brian Lamb said. “He knows that public safety is not just a slogan, but a commitment to lives, families, and the people we serve. Steve will be a strong advocate for first responders and a champion for keeping our community safe.”

“Stuart City Commission seems poised to fire its City Manager, but no one will say why” via Keith Burbank of Treasure Coast Newspapers — City Manager Michael Mortell’s job is hanging by a thread after what some call an “ambush” by the City Commission. Commissioner Sean Reed — who had called for a review of Mortell’s contract and, less than a week ago, explained only that “everyone deserves a performance review” — called for Mortell’s resignation at the Oct. 13 Commission meeting.

— LOCAL: C. FL —

“The Ormond Beach Mayor’s race has its first candidate” via Eileen Zaffiro-Kean of the Daytona Beach News-Journal — Lori Tolland, Ormond Beach’s Zone 1 City Commissioner and Deputy Mayor, has decided to run for Mayor in next year’s election. So far, only Tolland has filed to run for Ormond Beach Mayor, but if she has two or more challengers, the Primary Election will be held in August 2026. The General Election will be in November 2026. Ormond Beach’s current Mayor is Jason Leslie, who was elected a year ago. Tolland was first elected to the Ormond Beach City Commission in November 2022. She’s currently in the middle of her second two-year term. The mayoral seat also has two-year terms.

Ormond Beach Deputy Mayor Lori Tolland becomes the first candidate to enter the 2026 race for Mayor.

— LOCAL: TB —

“Former Tampa Council candidate arrested after gun incident at forum” via Nina Moske of the Tampa Bay Times — Elvis Piggott, a pastor and former Tampa City Council candidate who witnesses said pulled a gun at a candidate forum last week, has been arrested in connection to the incident, police said. Piggott, 37, turned himself in at Orient Road Jail in response to a warrant. He faces charges of improper exhibition of a dangerous weapon or firearm and aggravated assault with a deadly weapon. “I believe wholeheartedly you should stand your ground,” Piggott said. Piggott pulled the gun during a tense interaction Thursday evening after a forum for the District 5 Special Municipal Runoff Election, hosted by the Tampa Heights Civic Association. Candidates Thomas Scott and Naya Young, the top two vote-getters in last month’s Special Election, had been onstage minutes before the altercation.

Former Tampa Council candidate Elvis Piggott, arrested after pulling a gun at a candidate forum, faces assault charges.

“Ken Welch ends Q3 with $200K-plus on hand ahead of expected re-election bid” via Janelle Irwin Taylor of Florida Politics — St. Petersburg Mayor Welch’s new political committee — created after his old one was revoked for repeated reporting violations — is rife with cash before Welch has even filed for re-election. The PC, the Pelican Political Action Committee, raised $142,300 in the third quarter of 2025, spanning July through September. The haul — the committee’s largest since forming in January — brings Welch’s total funds raised to more than $234,000. With less than $26,000 spent overall, Welch entered October with a little less than $209,000 on hand. Welch’s previous PC, Pelican PAC, was revoked in November by the Division of Elections over repeated failures to file required reports. The new committee enjoyed several significant contributions from both local and out-of-town interests.

“Council member Brandi Gabbard running for St. Petersburg Mayor” via Colleen Wright of the Tampa Bay Times — Two-term City Council member Gabbard said she will run for Mayor of St. Petersburg, giving her more than a year to wage a challenge against incumbent Ken Welch, her one-time ally. “The commitment to run for Mayor is firm,” she said. Welch has not yet filed to run but has started campaigning. Gabbard endorsed him when he campaigned for Mayor in 2021. Her bid to unseat him is the latest sign of eroding support for Welch as he positions for a second term. Gabbard said her decision to run for Mayor is “not necessarily driven on opposition.”

“City to help 98 St. Pete storm victims rebuild” via Mark Parker of St. Pete Catalyst — The City of St. Petersburg expects to help 98 households rebuild storm-damaged homes, assist 288 with eligible repairs and provide disaster relief reimbursements to an additional 784 over the next year. Eligible homeowners can receive $375,000 for reconstruction, including elevation, $100,000 for rehabilitation and $50,000 for storm repairs completed before applying to the Sunrise St. Pete initiative. Officials plan to open applications for residential recovery and relief programs in November. Storm-displaced homeowners and tenants can also receive $15,000 for up to six consecutive months of rent, mortgage or utility payments. Residents earning less than 80% of the area median income (AMI) can qualify for the programs. However, the city will prioritize tenants for relief reimbursements and the lowest-earning households – particularly those with age-dependent or disabled members – for rehabilitation and reconstruction funding. Administrators and consultancy firm Horne presented their recommended program parameters to City Council members at an Oct. 9 Committee meeting.

“Tampa International Airport won’t show controversial Kristi Noem video, but not for the reason you think” via Janelle Irwin Taylor of Florida Politics — Tampa International Airport (TPA) is not showing a controversial video provided by Secretary of Homeland Security Noem blaming Democrats for the ongoing federal government shutdown. Still, it’s not necessarily because they object to the message. TPA Communications Manager Beau Zimmer told Florida Politics the airport “does not currently have video screens at our TSA security checkpoints,” and therefore cannot display the provided video message. Additionally, he said screens at the airport terminals “are set up to display static images and messaging only.” Noem’s Office provided a video intended for play at Transportation Security Administration (TSA) security lines, explaining that it’s “TSA’s top priority to make sure that you have the most pleasant and efficient airport experience as possible while we keep you safe.”

Tampa International Airport declines Kristi Noem’s TSA video, citing lack of video screens — not political objections.

“Tampa Medical District poised for $8.3B impact, national prominence” via Peter Schorsch of Florida Politics — The Tampa Medical and Research District (TMRD), anchored by Tampa General Hospital and USF Health Morsani College of Medicine, is entering a new phase of growth under the leadership of a powerhouse Board. Members include Tampa General’s John Couris, USF President Rhea Law, USF Health’s Dr. Charles Lockwood, University of Tampa President Teresa Abi-Nader Dahlberg, Tampa Bay EDC CEO Craig Richard, and Strategic Property Partners CEO Josh Taube. Jennifer Crabtree, longtime Chief of Staff to Couris, will serve as president. With a new 32,000-square-foot Ybor innovation center opening this month, the District aims to become a national hub for medical research, technology, and economic growth — projected to generate $8.3 billion annually and attract top talent across health care, AI, and defense sectors.

— LOCAL: N. FL —

“State enters plea agreement with Tiffany Carr in domestic violence coalition mismanagement scandal” via Florida Politics — The state has entered into a plea agreement with Carr related to her role as CEO of the Florida Coalition Against Domestic Violence (FCADV). Carr faced allegations from the Florida Department of Law Enforcement (FDLE) that she and former FCADV Chief Financial Officer Patricia Duarte submitted false quarterly reports, billed the state for vacant positions and charged for services that were never provided. The FDLE says the money was then used for excessive bonuses and leave payouts, including $3.4 million to Carr and $291,000 for Duarte. The details of the plea agreement with Carr are unclear, but a related document filed on behalf of Duarte seeking a continuance of her trial shows that an agreement was reached. Duarte’s attorneys, Lee Stapleton and Thomas Findley of Carlton Fields, filed a motion Monday to continue Duarte’s trial, citing Carr’s plea agreement. The filing says Duarte “must depose Ms. Carr since the State has just now listed her as a witness.”

Former FCADV CEO Tiffany Carr reaches plea deal in state case over domestic violence coalition funds.

“School Board member seeks consolidation plan amid enrollment, teacher pay struggles” via Alaijah Brown of the Tallahassee Democrat — After writing a challenging opinion column calling for Leon County Schools to consider closing some under-enrolled schools in an effort to pay higher teacher salaries and reduce costs, School Board Member Alva Smith told colleagues she wants to see the same sense of urgency from District staff. “This is real. Our numbers are dwindling, and our revenue is dwindling, and we can’t just keep talking about it; we’ve actually got to do something,” Smith told the Tallahassee Democrat after a lengthy discussion during an Oct. 13 School Board workshop. Smith, who also called for “downsizing” discussion in 2024, said she wants to present a formal motion during the Oct. 14 Board meeting for staff to produce a consolidation plan before the end of 2025.

— LOCAL: SW. FL —

“Sarasota County agrees to fund Nokomis Volunteer Fire Department after absorbing boundary” via Christian Casale of the Sarasota Herald-Tribune — The Nokomis Volunteer Fire Department will keep its doors open with roughly the same budget after a new operating agreement with Sarasota County was approved Oct. 8. The agreement calls for the county to provide $800,000 annually to the NVFD, along with $250,000 for tuition reimbursements and $107,500 for equipment. It came after areas north of Laurel Road and west of I-75 were absorbed by the Sarasota County Fire District. Public officials said they worried that the projected growth of the NVFD’s coverage area – Nokomis, southern Osprey, and Casey Key – was too much for the volunteer fire department to handle in the coming decade.

Sarasota County approves $800K annual agreement to fund Nokomis Volunteer Fire Department after boundary absorption.

— TOP OPINION —

“Looking for federal flood insurance in Florida? The shutdown makes it harder” via Katie Carpenter for the Tampa Bay Times — This month’s king tides have turned Florida’s streets into saltwater lagoons, putting the state’s flood risk on full display. Normally, that would dominate the headlines. But with a federal government shutdown in progress, the danger is compounded — and the consequences hit harder. With FEMA’s National Flood Insurance Program shuttered, no one can buy or renew federal flood policies, stalling home sales across flood-prone neighborhoods.

Florida has nearly 2 million flood insurance policyholders, and without federal support, real estate and recovery efforts are grinding to a halt. Homeowners and buyers are stranded in bureaucratic limbo as saltwater seeps into garages and foundations.

For coastal Floridians, the timing couldn’t be worse. Sea levels are rising, storms are strengthening, and yet the very programs meant to help communities adapt are frozen.

Federal resilience grants were already cut before the shutdown, leaving cities and counties without funds to improve drainage or raise sea walls. Meanwhile, climate change remains the issue no one wants to name, even as waves lap at their doorsteps.

Residents slog through flooded streets while waiting on hold with FEMA, hoping someone answers. “If your driver’s license says Florida, you’re going to flood,” one former FEMA official warned — and she’s right.

Florida’s predicament is a stark reminder that nature doesn’t pause for politics. Flood insurance, prevention, and adaptation are not optional luxuries; they’re survival tools. Until Washington reopens and acts, Floridians will keep bailing — both literally and figuratively.

— MORE OPINIONS —

“Florida’s real math problem: Not enough teachers who know math” via Paul Cottle of Bridge to Tomorrow — Patricia Levesque’s recent commentary on Florida’s math education makes valid points about the importance of numeracy, but it overlooks the deeper challenge. She’s right that math and reading are foundational and that Florida has a chance to lead the nation in math policy. However, her focus on elementary instruction misses where the state’s real math problem lies — in middle and high schools. Improving math learning at those levels requires teachers who actually possess strong mathematical skills, something Florida’s system has long failed to prioritize. Studies like TEDS-M and IES-backed research have shown that professional development doesn’t fix weak math foundations among teachers. The uncomfortable truth is clear: real progress will require recruiting educators who are genuinely skilled in mathematics.

“It’s false Fall in Tampa Bay, and the delusion tastes great” via Stephanie Hayes of the Tampa Bay Times — Floridians are basking in “false Fall,” that fleeting, humidity-free spell that tricks Tampa Bay into thinking it has seasons. We know it’s temporary — a handsome cold front named Tad who’ll ghost us by the weekend — but let us have this delusion. Don’t mention hurricanes, rising temps, or the betrayal to come. This brief chill is our therapy, a reprieve from months of swampy torment. We’ll sip pumpkin lattes at the St. Pete Pier, wear smug little hats through Dunedin, and pretend our gourds won’t rot in the heat. Let us romanticize parking garages and retention ponds while the air feels vaguely breathable. False Fall is a lie, yes, but for a few glorious days, it’s our truth.

— INSTAGRAM OF THE DAY —

— ALOE —

“Florida’s stone crab season kicks off with optimism — and $99 all-you-can-eat deals” via Phillip Valys of the South Florida Sun-Sentinel — Florida’s beloved stone crab season opens Oct. 15 with optimism running high among fishermen, wholesalers, and restaurateurs from the Keys to the Gulf Coast. Even Keel Fish Shack in Lauderdale-by-the-Sea is betting big, launching a $99 all-you-can-eat special before the first traps are even pulled. Early dock reports suggest a healthy haul, with steady prices expected after last year’s strong catch despite hurricanes. Wholesalers like Triar Seafood’s Peter Jarvis report solid early trap checks, while Catfish Deweys and Captain Clay and Sons plan similar specials. Though inflation continues to drive up costs for fuel, bait, and labor, seafood lovers are lining up for their seasonal fix — a Florida ritual as cherished, fleeting, and irresistible as Autumn itself.

Florida’s stone crab season begins with optimism, steady prices, and $99 all-you-can-eat restaurant specials statewide.

“Pockets of development are boosting workforce, output and revenue in Florida’s 31 rural counties.” via Brittney J. Miller of Florida Trend — State law defines a rural county as one with a population of 75,000 or fewer, or one with a population of 125,000 or fewer that’s contiguous to a county with a population of 75,000 or fewer. Florida has 31 rural counties, most of them concentrated in North-Central Florida and the Panhandle. A hub exists in South-Central Florida as well. Altogether, Florida’s rural counties contribute just 2.9% to the state’s $1.6-trillion economy. But, with a 56.6% spike in GDP since 2018, their growth has outpaced that of non-rural counties. Following is a look at some of the latest and greatest economic developments coming to the state’s smaller towns.

— HAPPY BIRTHDAY —

A very happy birthday to two dynamic Florida women, Rep. Josie Tomkow and “Great Communicator” Edie Ousley.

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Sunburn is authored and assembled by Peter Schorsch, Phil Ammann, Daniel Dean, Ryan Nicol, Jacob Ogles, and Drew Wilson.