As we grow older, our eyes naturally undergo changes, but certain conditions need extra care. One of the most prevalent and serious vision issues for older adults is Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD).

February is designated as Age-Related Macular Degeneration Awareness Month, a time to raise awareness about this progressive disease and promote early detection and treatment. At SightMD Pennsylvania, we are dedicated to offering expert care for patients with AMD, helping them maintain their vision for as long as possible.

What is Age-Related Macular Degeneration?

Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD) is a major cause of vision loss in adults over 50. This condition impacts the macula, a small but vital area of the retina that enables central vision. Central vision is essential for activities such as reading, recognizing faces, and driving. AMD typically develops slowly and can result in substantial loss of central vision over time.

There are two primary types of AMD:

• Dry AMD: This is the most prevalent type, making up about 80-90% of cases. It happens when tiny yellow deposits, known as drusen, build up beneath the retina. This accumulation causes the macula to thin and gradually lose its function, resulting in slow and progressive vision loss.

• Wet AMD: While less common, wet AMD is more serious. It occurs when abnormal blood vessels develop under the retina and leak fluid or blood. If not treated quickly, this can lead to rapid and significant vision loss.

Risk factors for AMD

Age is the primary risk factor for age-related macular degeneration (AMD), but several other factors can also raise your risk of developing the disease, such as:

• A family history of AMD

• Smoking

• High blood pressure

• Obesity

• A poor diet low in leafy greens and omega-3 fatty acids

• Extended exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light

Understanding these risk factors can help individuals take preventive measures and seek medical attention when necessary.

Symptoms of AMD

AMD often develops without noticeable symptoms in its early stages, which is why regular eye exams are crucial. As the disease progresses, individuals may experience:

• Blurry or distorted central vision

• Difficulty reading or recognizing faces

• Dark or empty spots in the center of vision

• Colors appearing less vivid

• Increased sensitivity to glare

If you notice any of these symptoms, schedule an eye exam immediately. Early detection can lead to better outcomes and slow the progression of the disease.

How is AMD diagnosed?

At SightMD Pennsylvania, we use advanced diagnostic tools to detect AMD early. During a comprehensive eye exam, our specialists may perform the following tests:

• Dilated eye exam: Allows the doctor to examine the retina and macula for signs of AMD.

• Optical coherence tomography (OCT): Uses imaging to detect changes in the layers of the retina.

• Amsler grid test: A simple test to check for distortions in central vision.

• Fluorescein angiography: A dye is injected into the bloodstream to highlight abnormal blood vessels in the retina (used mainly for wet AMD diagnosis).

Treatment options for AMD

While there is no cure for AMD, treatments can help slow its progression and, in some cases, improve vision. Treatment options vary depending on the type and severity of the disease.

Dry AMD treatments:

• Nutritional supplements: The AREDS2 (Age-Related Eye Disease Study 2) formula, which includes vitamins C and E, zinc, copper, lutein, and zeaxanthin, has been shown to slow progression in some patients.

• Healthy lifestyle changes: Quitting smoking, maintaining a balanced diet, and exercising regularly can reduce the risk of worsening AMD.

• Low vision aids: Magnifiers, special glasses, and adaptive technology can help those with significant vision loss maintain independence.

Wet AMD treatments:

• Anti-VEGF injections: Medications like Avastin, Lucentis, and Eylea help stop the growth of abnormal blood vessels and reduce leakage.

• Laser therapy: In some cases, laser treatments can seal leaking blood vessels.

• Photodynamic therapy (PDT): A combination of laser treatment and a light-sensitive drug to slow the progression of the disease.

At SightMD Pennsylvania, we offer the latest advancements in AMD treatment and work closely with each patient to develop a personalized care plan.

How SightMD Pennsylvania can help

At SightMD Pennsylvania, we prioritize early detection, effective treatment, and compassionate care for patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Our experienced ophthalmologists and optometrists provide comprehensive eye exams, advanced imaging technology, and tailored treatment plans to help you manage your condition effectively.

We understand that vision loss can be overwhelming, and we are dedicated to supporting you throughout your journey. Whether you need regular monitoring for dry AMD or specialized care for wet AMD, our team is here to guide you every step of the way.

Schedule an eye exam

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) often develops without noticeable symptoms in its early stages, making regular eye exams crucial for early detection and treatment. If you’re over 50, have a family history of AMD, or have experienced any changes in your vision, schedule an appointment with SightMD Pennsylvania today. Our dedicated team is here to provide top-quality care to help you preserve your vision and enhance your quality of life.

This month, take control of your eye health. Awareness, early detection, and expert care can significantly impact your ability to maintain your vision for the future. Reach out to SightMD Pennsylvania to learn more about AMD and discover how we can support you on your path to better eye health.

SightMD has an office at 1300 Broadcasting Road, Spring Township. Call 610-396-9999 or visit sightmd.com to book your appointment.