This article is part of Lancaster Farming’s Agriculture 250 series. Agriculture 250 is a series of stories rediscovering, reflecting on and celebrating America’s farming history as the nation celebrates its 250th birthday in 2026. Click here for more stories from this series.
It wasn’t about whiskey, not exactly.
kAm%@ D>2== 72C>6CD @? E96 7C:?86 @7 &]$] D6EE=6>6?E[ E96 :?DFCC64E:@? @7 `fhc H2D 2 =2DE\5:E49 677@CE E@ DE@A E96 7656C2= 8@G6C?>6?E 7C@> E2I:?8 E96> — 56=:36C2E6=J[ :E D66>65 — @FE @7 6I:DE6?46]k^Am
kAm%96 (9:D<6J #636==:@? E6DE65 E96 f\J62C\@=5 &]$] r@?DE:EFE:@? 2?5 D9@H65 E92E 2? FC32?\CFC2= 5:G:56 2=C625J 6I:DE65 2E E96 368:??:?8 @7 E96 C6AF3=:4]k^Am
Agriculture 250 is a series of stories by Philip Gruber telling the story of U.S. agricultural history for the nation’s 250th anniversary.
kAmxE H2D E96 3:886DE 4C:D:D @7 v6@C86 (2D9:?8E@?’D AC6D:56?4J 2?5 E96 =2C86DE 5@>6DE:4 C636==:@? 😕 &]$] 9:DE@CJ 36D:56D E96 r:G:= (2C[ 244@C5:?8 E@ qC25J rCJEK6C[ 2 9:DE@C:2? 2E #@36CE |@CC:D &?:G6CD:EJ]k^Am
kAmp?5 72C>6CD H6C6 2E E96 46?E6C @7 :E]k^Am
kAm%96 C6G@=E 92AA6?65 😕 E96 C68:@? @H? 2D E96 u@C65 7@C E96 A@:?E 😕 !:EED3FC89 H96C6 E96 p==6896?J 2?5 |@?@?8296=2 C:G6CD >66E]k^Am
kAmx? E96 =2DE 564256D @7 E96 r@=@?:2= A6C:@5[ E96 2C62 925 366? 4=2:>65 3J uC2?46[ t?8=2?5 2?5 G2C:@FD EC:36D[ 2D H6== 2D 3J !6??DJ=G2?:2 2?5 ‘:C8:?:2]k^Am
kAms665\9@=5:?8 72C>6CD @H?65 D@>6 @7 E96 =2?5[ H9:=6 C:49 =2?5 DA64F=2E@CD W:?4=F5:?8 E96 7:CDE AC6D:56?EX EC:65 A6C:@5:42==J E@ 6G:4E DBF2EE6CD 7C@> E96 C6DE]k^Am
kAm|2?J @7 E96 C68:@?’D D6EE=6CD H6C6 $4@ED\xC:D9] %96J H6C6 E@F89[ D6=7\C6=:2?E 2?5 AC@F5=J !C6D3JE6C:2?]k^Am
kAm%96J ?66565 E@ 76?5 7@C E96>D6=G6D] %9:D H2D E96 7C@?E:6C[ 2?5 E96 DE2E6 8@G6C?>6?E 😕 !9:=256=A9:2 925 5@?6 2 A@@C ;@3 @7 AC@E64E:?8 C6D:56?ED 7C@> }2E:G6 p>6C:42? C2:5D] %96 DE2E6 925 2=D@ 72:=65 E@ AC@G:56 8@@5 C@25D @C >2?J 32D:4 D6CG:46D]k^Am
kAm$E:==[ 3J E96 `fh_D H6DE6C? !6??DJ=G2?:2 H2D 2 >2;@C 72C>:?8 2C62 H:E9 2 DFCA=FD @7 8C2:?]k^Am
kAmqFE 8C2:? 😀 3F=2:? 4C@A[ H2D?’E 😕 9:89 56>2?5 7@C 3C625] $@[ 7@==@H:?8 E96:C 7@C6362CD’ 566A 5:DE:==:?8 EC25:E:@?D[ E96 72C>6CD EFC?65 CJ6 :?E@ 2=4@9@=]k^Am
kAm“(9:D<6J’D A6C764E 3642FD6 :E >2<6D W8C2:?X >@C6 G2=F23=6 2?5 62D:6C E@ EC2?DA@CE[” rCJEK6C D2:5]k^Am
kAm%9@F89 |@?@?8296=2 CJ6 H2D 2C8F23=J E96 36DE H9:D<6J 😕 p>6C:42 2E E96 E:>6[ 86EE:?8 :E E@ FC32? >2C<6ED H2D 2 A2:?]k^Am
kAm%96 >@DE =@8:42= @AE:@? H2D E@ D9:A :E 5@H? E96 ~9:@ #:G6C E@ }6H ~C=62?D] qFE $A2:? 925 3=@4<65 E96 |:DD:DD:AA: #:G6C E@ =682= EC277:4[ 2?5 D6==:?8 E9C@F89 z6?EF42C<6E H2D ?@E 2? :562= D@=FE:@?]k^Am
kAm|62?H9:=6[ rCJEK6C D2:5[ 92F=:?8 AC@5F4ED @G6C E96 pAA2=249:2?D E@ !9:=256=A9:2 H2D >@C6 6IA6?D:G6 E92? D9:AA:?8 8@@5D 7C@> !9:=256=A9:2 E@ t?8=2?5]k^Am
kAm$@ 72C>6CD 😕 E96 u@C>65 😕 H96? E96 7656C2= 8@G6C?>6?E 6?24E65 2 E2I E92E D:?8=65 @FE E96 AC@5F4E E92E A@H6C65 E96:C C68:@?’D 64@?@>J 2?5 DJ>3@=:K65 E96:C H2J @7 =:76]k^Am
k9bmkDEC@?8mw2>:=E@?’D ‘:D:@?k^DEC@?8mk^9bm
kAm%96 H9:D<6J 6I4:D6 H2D E96 3C2:?49:=5 @7 p=6I2?56C w2>:=E@?[ E96 ?2E:@?’D 7:CDE EC62DFCJ D64C6E2CJ]k^Am
kAm%96 &]$] ?66565 D@>6 D@CE @7 E2I E@ A2J 5@H? E96 >2DD:G6 563ED 2>2DD65 7:89E:?8 E96 #6G@=FE:@?2CJ (2C]k^Am
kAm(6DE6C?6CD H@F=5?’E 92G6 >:?565 :7 w2>:=E@? 925 49@D6? E@ E2I =2?5[ 244@C5:?8 E@ 9:DE@C:2? {6=2?5 q2=5H:?[ D:?46 =2?5 G2=F6D H6C6 9:896DE 😕 E96 t2DE 2?5 2 E2I >:89E 92G6 AC@>AE65 E96 3:8 DA64F=2E@CD E@ 7C66 FA =2?5 7@C D6EE=6>6?E]k^Am
kAmqFE w2>:=E@? 925 2=D@ @C52:?65 E92E 9:D E2I D9@F=5 96=A >2<6 E96 &?:E65 $E2E6D 2? :?5FDEC:2= A@H6C9@FD6]k^Am
kAm“w6 C62==J 5:5?’E D66 9:>D6=7 E96 H2J H6 E9:?< @7 2 EC62DFCJ D64C6E2CJ E@52J 3642FD6 E96C6 ?6G6C H2D @?6” 367@C6[ rCJEK6C D2:5] “w6 G:6H65 9:>D6=7 >@C6 =:<6 2 AC:>6 >:?:DE6C E92E H@F=5 C68F=2E6 2?5 5C:G6 E96 p>6C:42? 64@?@>J =:<6 A:646D @? 2 496DD3@2C5]”k^Am
kAmw2>:=E@? 36=:6G65 FC32? :?G6DE@CD H@F=5 5C:G6 p>6C:42’D 8C@HE9[ 2?5 3246CD H9@ >2C<6E65 D>2== DFCA=FD6D D66>65 E@ 4@?EC:3FE6 =:EE=6 E@ E92E G:D:@?]k^Am
kAmx7 2?JE9:?8[ E96:C 2?<=6\3:E:?8 9:?56C65 E96 8C@HE9 @7 3:8\E:>6 5:DE:==6CD]k^Am
kAm$@ w2>:=E@? 42C67F==J 4C27E65 E96 H9:D<6J E2I E@ 72== 92C56DE @? D>2== AC@5F46CD]k^Am
kAm#FC2= 5:DE:==6CD H6C6 E2I65 32D65 @? E96 D:K6 @7 E96:C DE:==D[ 6G6? E9@F89 D>2==[ A2CE\E:>6 5:DE:==6CD C2C6=J AC@5F465 E@ 42A24:EJ]k^Am
kAm{2C86[ FC32? 5:DE:==6CD H6C6 2DD6DD65 F?56C 5:776C6?E CF=6D E92E 277@C565 E96> 2 >F49 =@H6C 67764E:G6 E2I C2E6[ 244@C5:?8 E@ (:==:2> w@86=2?5’D a__e 9:DE@CJ @7 E96 (9:D<6J #636==:@?]k^Am
kAmtG6? >@C6 492==6?8:?8[ E96 H9:D<6J E2I 4@F=5 @?=J 36 A2:5 😕 42D9] r@:?D H6C6 D@ D42C46 😕 E96 (6DE E92E =@42=D @7E6? FD65 H9:D<6J :ED6=7 2D 4FCC6?4J]k^Am
kAm“%96J =:E6C2==J 4@F=5?’E 92G6 A2:5 WE96 E2IX :7 E96J H2?E65 E@[” rCJEK6C D2:5]k^Am
Alexander Hamilton
John Trumbull | Public domain
kAmw2>:=E@? 925 AC6D6?E65 E96 H9:D<6J 6I4:D6 E@ r@?8C6DD 2D 2 =FIFCJ E2I[ 3FE :E 2>@F?E65 E@ 2? :?4@>6 E2I @? A@@C A6@A=6 H9@ H6C6 A2:5 😕 8C2:?]k^Am
kAm%96 E2I 925 :?4C62D65 5:DE:==6CD’ 4@DED[ D@ E96J 925 E@ 9:<6 E96:C AC:46D 7@C 4@?G6CE:?8 =23@C6CD’ 8C2:? :?E@ =:BF:5 4FCC6?4J[ w@86=2?5 HC:E6D]k^Am
kAms:DE:==6CD H9@ 5:5?’E C68:DE6C E96:C DE:==D 4@F=5 36 7:?65 Sad_[ H9:49 H2D >@C6 E92? E96 2G6C286 2??F2= :?4@>6] p?5 :7 2CC6DE65[ E96J 925 E@ >2<6 E96 =@?8 EC:A E@ !9:=256=A9:2 7@C EC:2=[ D:?46 ?@ 7656C2= 4@FCE D2E 😕 H6DE6C? !6??DJ=G2?:2]k^Am
kAmx? 255:E:@? E@ E96 9:89 4@DE 2?5 =@?8 E:>6 2H2J 7C@> E96 72C>[ E96 EC:2= G6?F6 :?DF=E65 72C>6CD H9@ 36=:6G65 :E G:@=2E65 E96:C C:89ED F?56C E96 ?6H r@?DE:EFE:@?]k^Am
kAm“%96J D2:5 DE2?5:?8 EC:2= 😕 !9:=256=A9:2 H2D ?@E 2 EC:2= 367@C6 E96:C A66CD 3642FD6 E96:C A66CD H6C6 😕 H6DE6C? !6??DJ=G2?:2[” D2:5 s6?:D6 rF>>:?D[ 2? 65F42E@C 2E E96 qC257@C5 w@FD6 w:DE@C:42= pDD@4:2E:@? 😕 (2D9:?8E@?[ !6??DJ=G2?:2]k^Am
kAm%96 @C82?:K2E:@? AC6D6CG6D E96 9@>6 @7 C636==:@? =6256C s2G:5 qC257@C5 2?5 😀 4@??64E65 H:E9 E96 (9:D<6J #636==:@? t5F42E:@? 2?5 ‘:D:E@C r6?E6C]k^Am
kAmw2>:=E@?’D H9:D<6J E2I A2DD65 😕 `fh` 2?5 H2D >256 >@C6 @?6C@FD E96 7@==@H:?8 J62C]k^Am
k9bmkDEC@?8m#6D:DE2?46 q68:?Dk^DEC@?8mk^9bm
kAm(6DE6C? !6??DJ=G2?:2 72C>6CD D2H E96 E2I 2D 2 3=2E2?E 2EE24< @? E96:C =:G6=:9@@5 2?5 BF:4<=J 42==65 7@C :ED C6A62=]k^Am
kAmpE 7:CDE[ =@42= 3FD:?6DD =6256CD 2?5 A@=:E:4:2?D DFAA@CE65 72C>6CD’ A6E:E:@?D]k^Am
kAm~?6 >66E:?8 :DDF65 2 DE2E6>6?E 564=2C:?8 E96 E2I “F?6BF2= 😕 :ED @A6C2E:@?[ :>>@C2= 😕 :ED 677@CED[ 52?86C@FD E@ =:36CEJ[ 2?5 6DA64:2==J[ @AAC6DD:G6 2?5 :?;FC:@FD E@ E96 :?923:E2?ED @7 E96 H6DE6C? 4@F?ECJ]”k^Am
kAm(96? E96D6 AC@E6DED 925 ?@ 67764E[ 72C>6CD EFC?65 E@ D>2== 24ED @7 C6D:DE2?46 — E2CC:?8 2?5 762E96C:?8 E96 @442D:@?2= E2I 4@==64E@C[ 2?5 C67FD:?8 E@ C68:DE6C E96:C DE:==D]k^Am
kAmpD 72C>6CD’ C624E:@?D 3642>6 >@C6 C25:42=[ >@DE @7 E96 C68:@?’D ?@E23=6D 5:DE2?465 E96>D6=G6D @C EC:65 E@ D6CG6 2D >65:2E@CD 36EH66? 24E:G:DED 2?5 E96 7656C2= 8@G6C?>6?E]k^Am
David Bradford was an attorney and official in Washington County, Pa., before becoming a leader of the Whiskey Rebellion.
Provided by Bradford House
kAm|@F?E2:? 7@=< 😕 6G6CJ DE2E6 D@FE9 @7 }6H *@C< C6D:DE65 E96 H9:D<6J E2I[ 3FE H6DE6C? !6??DJ=G2?:2 E@@< >@DE @7 E96 962E]k^Am
kAmz6?EF4A=6[ H2D D@ C6>@E6 E92E 6?7@C4:?8 E96 =2H E96C6 H2D 4@?D:56C65 F?762D:3=6] p?5 E96 7656C2= 8@G6C?>6?E H2D H2CJ @7 2?E28@?:K:?8 E92E DE2E6 H96? :ED >:=:E:2 H2D <6J E@ DFAAC6DD:?8 E96 }2E:G6 p>6C:42?D[ rF>>:?D D2:5]k^Am
kAm%96 u@CA=J E96 ;F:4:6DE E2C86E[ rCJEK6C D2:5] #@F89=J 2 BF2CE6C @7 2== H9:D<6J DE:==D 😕 p>6C:42 H6C6 H:E9:? `_ >:=6D @7 !:EED3FC89]k^Am
kAm%96 7656C2= 8@G6C?>6?E 49@D6 2 7@C>:523=6 >2? E@ @G6CD66 E2I 4@==64E:@? 😕 E96 C68:@?]k^Am
kAmp ‘:C8:?:2 ?2E:G6[ y@9? }6G:==6 H2D @?6 @7 E96 H62=E9:6DE @H?6CD @7 =2?5 2?5 D=2G6D 😕 E96 u@C
kAmw6 H2D 2=D@ E96 C68:@?’D 3:886DE H9:D<6J 5:DE:==6C]k^Am
kAm%92E >62?E }6G:==6 H@F=5 @G6CD66 2 E2I E92E 4@F=5 5C:G6 9:D ?6:893@CD 2?5 4@>A6E:E@CD @FE @7 3FD:?6DD — H9:=6 86EE:?8 2 `T 4@>>:DD:@? @? E96 H9:D<6J E2I 4@==64E65 😕 9:D 5:DEC:4E]k^Am
kAm“%96 =625:?8 =@42= 36?67:4:2CJ @7 E96 E2I 925 366? 8:G6? E96 ;@3 @7 6?7@C4:?8 2?5 4@==64E:?8 :E[” w@86=2?5 HC:E6D]k^Am
kAm%@ CFC2= H6DE6C?6CD[ }6G:==6 3642>6 2 G:==2:? @G6C?:89E]k^Am
k9bmkDEC@?8m~A6? #636==:@?k^DEC@?8mk^9bm
kAmqJ `fhc[ E9C66 J62CD 27E6C E96 4C62E:@? @7 E96 H9:D<6J E2I[ E6?D:@? 2E E96 u@C
kAms:DE:==6CD H9@ A2:5 E96 C68:DEC2E:@? 766 D2H E96:C 32C?D 3FC?65 @C DE:==D 56DEC@J65[ H:E9 4C65:E E2<6? 3J @?6 %@> E96 %:?<6C]k^Am
kAm%96 ?2>6 >2J 92G6 366? 2 ?@> 56 8F6CC6 FD65 3J E96 =@42= 72C>6C y@9? w@=4C@7E[ 3FE %@> E96 %:?<6C 2=D@ 3642>6 2 A6CD@?:7:42E:@? @7 E96 C636==:@?]k^Am
kAm%9:D 4966D6=7 😕 ?6HDA2A6C ?@E:46D DF49 2D E9:D @?6i “xE H:== E96C67@C6 36 @3D6CG65 E92E x %@> E96 %:?<6C H:== ?@E DF776C 2?J 46CE2:? 4=2DD @C D6E @7 >6? E@ 36 6I4=F565 E96 D6CG:46 @7 E9:D >J 5:DEC:4E H96? ?@E:7:65 E@ 2EE6?5 E@ 2?J 6IA65:E:@? 42CC:65 @? 😕 @C56C E@ @3DECF4E E96 6I64FE:@? @7 E96 6I4:D6 =2H[ 2?5 @3E2:? 2 C6A62= E96C6@7]”k^Am
kAmx? @E96C H@C5D[ @AA@D6 E96 H9:D<6J E2I 2E 6G6CJ EFC? — @C 6=D6]k^Am
kAmw@=4C@7E H2D A2CE @7 E96 >@DE ?@E@C:@FD D6E @7 H9:D<6J C636=D[ E96 |:?8@ rC66< pDD@4:2E:@?]k^Am
kAm%96 8C@FA’D =6256CD H6?E 36J@?5 >6C6 42==D 7@C E2I C6A62=] &D:?8 E96:C A@D:E:@?D 😕 E96 =@42= >:=:E:2[ E96J 4C62E65 2 D925@H 8@G6C?>6?E 😕 62DE6C? (2D9:?8E@? r@F?EJ]k^Am
kAm“xE’D C62==J <:?5 @7 D42CJ[” rCJEK6C D2:5]k^Am
kAmx?E@ E9:D 4@>3FDE:3=6 D:EF2E:@? DE6AA65 s2G:5 {6?@I[ 2 &]$] >2CD92= D6CG:?8 DF>>@?D6D E@ 5:DE:==6CD H9@ H6C6 3F4<:?8 E96 E2I]k^Am
kAmw6 EC2G6=65 7C@> !9:=256=A9:2 2?5 56=:G6C65 >@DE @7 E96 HC:ED H:E9@FE :?4:56?E]k^Am
kAmqFE @? yF=J `d[ 96 2?5 }6G:==6 C@56 :?E@ E96 |:?8@ rC66< C68:@?[ DE@AA:?8 E@ 56=:G6C 2 DF>>@?D 2E (:==:2> |:==6C’D 72C>]k^Am
kAmp =@J2= }6G:==6 DFAA@CE6C H9@ H2D AC6A2C:?8 E@ >@G6 @FE @7 E96 2C62[ |:==6C H2D =:G:5 2E 36:?8 H2J=2:5 3642FD6 @7 E96 H9:D<6J E2I]k^Am
kAmsFC:?8 E96 4@?7C@?E2E:@? D9@ED H6C6 7:C65[ A@DD:3=J 3J @?6 @7 |:==6C’D =23@C6CD @C E96 4C@H5 @7 @3D6CG6CD H9@ 925 366? EC2:=:?8 E96 E2I >6?] {6?@I 2?5 }6G:==6 7=65]k^Am
This 1854 painting shows Braddock’s Field outside Pittsburgh. On this site of a 1755 French and Indian War battle, thousands of rebels gathered in 1794 to march on Pittsburgh during the Whiskey Rebellion. The area was later developed for steel production.
Public domain
kAmq6=:6G:?8 E92E {6?@I H2D 2CC6DE:?8 A6@A=6[ 9F?5C65D @7 C636=D 2EE24<65 }6G:==6’D >2?D:@?[ q@H6C w:==[ 23@FE d >:=6D 7C@> |:==6C’D A=246]k^Am
kAm~? E96 D64@?5 52J @7 E96 D:686[ EC@@AD 7C@> u@CE u2J6EE6 😕 !:EED3FC89 2CC:G65 E@ 7:89E E96 72C>6CD[ J6E 2E 52J’D 6?5[ E96 C68:@?’D >@DE @AF=6?E 9@>6 =2J 😕 2D96D]k^Am
kAm%96 C636=D ?6IE A=2??65 E@ C2?D24< u@CE u2J6EE6[ H9:49 H2D E96 DJ>3@= @7 7656C2= 2FE9@C:EJ 😕 E96 C68:@?[ 2?5 3FC? !:EED3FC89 @? pF8] `]k^Am
kAm$6G6C2= E9@FD2?5 >6? 2DD6>3=65 7@C E9:D AFCA@D6 2E H92E 😀 E@52J E96 E@H? @7 qC255@4<] %96J 7@C>65 E96 =2C86DE 5@>6DE:4 82E96C:?8 @7 2C>65 C6D:DE2?46 E@ &]$] =2H 36EH66? E96 #6G@=FE:@? 2?5 E96 r:G:= (2C[ rF>>:?D D2:5]k^Am
kAm!:EED3FC89’D E@H?D7@=< >2?2865 E@ A6CDF256 E96 C636=D E@ 4@?G6CE E96:C A=2??65 C2>A286 :?E@ 2 D@CE @7 EC:F>A92= >2C49 E9C@F89 E@H?]k^Am
kAm%96 C6D:56?ED C6>:?565 E96 72C>6CD E92E E96 7@CE’D >2E6C:6= H2D ?66565 7@C 2 42>A2:8? 282:?DE E96 92E65 }2E:G6 EC:36D[ 2?5 E96J 2DDFC65 E96 C636=D E92E A=6?E:7F= 7@@5 2?5 5C:?< H@F=5 36 AC@G:565]k^Am
kAm%9FD H9:D<6J 2G6CE65 H92E 4@F=5 92G6 366? E96 >@DE 56DECF4E:G6 52J @7 E96 (9:D<6J #636==:@?]k^Am
kAmpD 2 7:?2= 24E @7 9@DA:E2=:EJ[ rF>>:?D D2:5[ 76CCJ @A6C2E@CD 42CC:65 E96 >6? 9@>6H2C5 24C@DD E96 C:G6C — E96? BF:4<=J E@@< E96 3@2ED 324< E@ E96 !:EED3FC89 D:56]k^Am
k9bmkDEC@?8m(2D9:?8E@?’D {2DE |2C49k^DEC@?8mk^9bm
kAmw2>:=E@?[ 92G:?8 5@?6 D@ >F49 E@ :?DE:82E6 E96 C636==:@?[ 925 5C62>65 2E =62DE D:?46 `fha 23@FE (2D9:?8E@? A6CD@?2==J =625:?8 EC@@AD :?E@ E96 u@C
kAm&?E:= E96 DF>>6C @7 `fhc[ 9:D 3@F?5=6DD 2>3:E:@? 925 366? 4964<65 3J E96 AC6D:56?E’D 96D:E2?46 E@ FD6 E96 pC>J 282:?DE p>6C:42?D — 2 E23@@ E92E 92D >@DE=J 96=5 E9C@F89@FE &]$] 9:DE@CJ]k^Am
kAmqFE E96 C636==:@? H2D @? E96 G6C86 @7 364@>:?8 >@C6 E92? 2 =@42=:K65 ?F:D2?46]k^Am
kAmx? 2 H@CDE\42D6 D46?2C:@[ rCJEK6C D2:5[ $A2:? H@F=5 4@?DA:C6 H:E9 E96 C636=D E@ E2<6 @G6C E96 324<4@F?ECJ] uC@?E:6CD>6? 925 E2=<65 @7 3C62<2H2J DE2E6D =:<6 (6DEDJ=G2?:2]k^Am
kAmp?5 E96 qC:E:D9 😕 r2?252 H@F=5 8=25=J >655=6 H96C6 E96J 4@F=5]k^Am
kAmx? D9@CE[ :7 E96 (9:D<6J #636==:@? >6E2DE2D:K65[ :E 4@F=5 E62C E96 F?:@? 2A2CE]k^Am
kAm$@ E96 AC6D:56?E 42==65 FA `d[___ >:=:E:2 >6? 7C@> !6??DJ=G2?:2[ }6H y6CD6J[ |2CJ=2?5 2?5 ‘:C8:?:2 E@ D>2D9 E96 C636==:@?]k^Am
kAm%96 >FDE6C H2D 4=@D6C E@ `b[___[ rF>>:?D D2:5[ D:?46 E96 8@G6C?>6?E 925 56>2?565 EC@@AD 7C@> H6DE6C? 2C62D H96C6 A6@A=6 DJ>A2E9:K65 H:E9 @C 762C65 E96 C636=D]k^Am
President George Washington reviews troops at Fort Cumberland, Md., as they prepare to march into western Pennsylvania to crush the Whiskey Rebellion in 1794.
Metropolitan Museum of Art | Public domain
kAm%96 7656C2= 7@C46 — 5F3365 E96 “H2E6C>6=@? 2C>J” E92?@4<:?8 ?6HDA2A6C 4@=F>? — H2D 6>32CC2DD65 3J A@@C 5:D4:A=:?6 2?5 E96 244:56?E2= <:==:?8 @7 EH@ 4:G:=:2?D 367@C6 :E 6G6? C624965 E96 7C@?E:6C]k^Am
kAmtG6? D@[ (2D9:?8E@? C6>2:?65 2? 2H6\DEC:<:?8 7:8FC6[ 2?5 96 A6CD@?2==J =65 E96 EC@@AD 2D 72C 2D q657@C5 9:>D6=7]k^Am
kAm%9:D H2D E96 @?=J E:>6 2 D:EE:?8 &]$] AC6D:56?E =65 EC@@AD 😕 E96 7:6=5] WsFC:?8 E96 (2C @7 `g`a[ y2>6D |25:D@? 3642>6 E96 @?=J D:EE:?8 AC6D:56?E E@ =625 EC@@AD 😕 32EE=6]Xk^Am
kAm%96 2C>J >2C4965 :?E@ E96 u@C:=E@?]k^Am
kAmqJ E9:D E:>6[ E96 C636==:@? H2D 6DD6?E:2==J 5625]k^Am
kAm“(96? E96 C636=D D2H E92E >2?J D@=5:6CD 4@>:?8 24C@DD E96 >@F?E2:? 2E E96>[ E96J 564:565 E92E E96J ;FDE 36EE6C 8@ 324< 9@>6 2?5 3692G6 E96>D6=G6D[” rF>>:?D D2:5]k^Am
kAm%96 7F== 2C>J DE2J65 😕 H6DE6C? !6??DJ=G2?:2 7@C 2 76H H66
kAmq642FD6 @7 E96 EC@@AD’ 4CF6=EJ E@ :??@46?E 4:G:=:2?D[ E96 6G6?E 😀 C6>6>36C65 2D “E96 5C6257F= ?:89E]”k^Am
kAm%H6?EJ >6? H6C6 92F=65 @77 E@ !9:=256=A9:2 E@ DE2?5 EC:2=] ~?=J EH@ H6C6 4@?G:4E65[ 364@>:?8 E96 7:CDE p>6C:42?D 7@F?5 8F:=EJ @7 EC62D@?] (2D9:?8E@? FD65 E96 7:CDE AC6D:56?E:2= A2C5@?D E@ DA2C6 E96> 7C@> 6I64FE:@?]k^Am
kAm(2D9:?8E@? 6G6?EF2==J A2C5@?65 6G6CJ@?6 :?G@=G65 😕 E96 C636==:@? 6I46AE s2G:5 qC257@C5[ H9@ 8@E E92E AC@E64E:@? 7C@> !C6D:56?E y@9? p52>D 😕 `fhh]k^Am
kAmqJ E92E E:>6[ qC257@C5 925 D6EE=65 😕 E@ 2 ?6H =:76 😕 H92E’D ?@H {@F:D:2?2] {:<6 >2?J C636= =6256CD[ 96 925 7=65 !6??DJ=G2?:2 D9@CE=J 27E6C E96 >2C49 @? !:EED3FC89]k^Am
k9bmkDEC@?8mp? &AC:D:?8’D {6824Jk^DEC@?8mk^9bm
kAm%96 !:EED3FC89 C68:@? E@52J 😀 5@EE65 H:E9 9:DE@C:4 3F:=5:?8D H:E9 E:6D E@ E96 C636==:@?[ =:<6 E96 qC257@C5 w@FD6 😕 (2D9:?8E@?]k^Am
kAm}6G:==6’D E@C4965 >2?D:@? 😀 =@?8 8@?6[ 3FE :E’D 4@>>6>@C2E65 3J 2 DE2E6 9:DE@C:4 >2C<6C] w:D D@?’D 25;246?E 72C>[ (@@5G:==6[ 2G@:565 56DECF4E:@? 2?5 😀 @A6? E@ E96 AF3=:4]k^Am
kAmrCJEK6C’D a_ab 3@@<[ “%96 (9:D<6J #636==:@?i p s:DE:==65 w:DE@CJ @7 2? p>6C:42? rC:D:D[” AC@G:56D 2 8F:56 E@ E96 <6J C636==:@? D:E6D 24C@DD D6G6C2= 4@F?E:6D]k^Am
kAmx? 2 42D6 @7 G:4E@CD HC:E:?8 E96 9:DE@CJ[ E96 (9:D<6J #636==:@? 92D @7E6? 366? AC6D6?E65 2D 2 4=2D9 36EH66? 2 ;FDE:7:65 7656C2= 8@G6C?>6?E 2?5 :8?@C2?E C233=6[ 244@C5:?8 E@ y6CCJ r=@FD6[ H9@ HC@E6 2? @G6CG:6H @7 E96 4@?7=:4E 7@C E96 DE2E6 😕 `hhc]k^Am
The David Bradford House in Washington, Pa., was the home of a leading figure in the Whiskey Rebellion.
Provided by Bradford House
kAm%96 E6C> “(9:D<6J #636==:@?” :ED6=7 H2D A@AF=2C:K65 3J w2>:=E@? 2?5 9:D 2==:6D E@ EC:G:2=:K6 E96 2772:C[ rCJEK6C D2:5] ~E96CH:D6 :E >:89E 36 @H? E@52J 3J E96 ?2>6 ?6HDA2A6CD 82G6 :E 2E E96 E:>6 — E96 (6DE6C? x?DFCC64E:@?]k^Am
kAmrCJEK6C D2:5 E96 H9:D<6J C636=D 2C6 DE:== 36=@G65 😕 (2D9:?8E@? r@F?EJ[ H96C6 >@DE @7 E96> =:G65] |2?J 72>:=:6D 😕 E96 4@F?EJ E@52J 92G6 366? =:G:?8 E96C6 D:?46 E96 C636==:@?]k^Am
kAm(2D9:?8E@?’D C@=6 😕 BF6==:?8 E96 C636==:@? C646:G6D >@C6 25>:C2E:@? 😕 !:EED3FC89[ rCJEK6C D2:5[ 8:G6? E96 4:EJ’D 4@??64E:@? E@ E96 7656C2= 8@G6C?>6?E 2?5 E96 C636=D’ :?46?5:2CJ :?E6?E:@?D 7@C E96 A=246]k^Am
kAmx? (2D9:?8E@?[ E96 qC257@C5 w@FD6 9@DED 8C@FAD 7C@> AC6D49@@=6CD E@ D6?:@C 4:E:K6?D[ 2?5 :ED (9:D<6J #636==:@? u6DE:G2= 6249 yF=J 5C2HD f[___ A6@A=6]k^Am
kAmrF>>:?D D2:5 E96 C636==:@? 😀 H6== C6>6>36C65 😕 E96 C68:@?[ 3FE 2D p>6C:42’D DE@CJ 86ED =@?86C[ E62496CD 92G6 E@=5 96C :E’D 86EE:?8 92C56C E@ 7:E E96 4@?7=:4E :?E@ D49@@= 4FCC:4F=2]k^Am
kAm“|2J36 :E’D 2 52J @C EH@[ 2 4=2DD A6C:@5 @C EH@[ 3642FD6 E96J 42?’E 5@ :E 😕 56AE9[” D96 D2:5] “qFE H6 5@ @FC 36DE E@ ECJ E@ DE6A 😕 2?5 7:== E92E 82A]”k^Am
k9bmkDEC@?8mp7E6C>2E9k^DEC@?8mk^9bm
kAmx? E96 564256 27E6C E96 C636==:@?[ >2?J @7 E96 7CFDEC2E:@?D E92E 7F6=65 E96 FAC:D:?8 76== 2H2J]k^Am
kAm%96 7656C2= 8@G6C?>6?E 6DE23=:D965 2 4@FCE 😕 H6DE6C? !6??DJ=G2?:2[ DFAA@CE65 >F49\?66565 :?7C2DECF4EFC6 :?G6DE>6?E 😕 H92E 3642>6 E96 }2E:@?2= #@25[ 2?5 C64@8?:K65 E96 ?665 7@C 2 DE2?5:?8 2C>J]k^Am
kAm(:E9:? 2 J62C @7 E96 C636==:@?[ E96 &]$] 925 D:8?65 2? 28C66>6?E H:E9 $A2:? @A6?:?8 E96 |:DD:DD:AA: #:G6C E@ EC256]k^Am
kAmp EC62EJ H:E9 qC:E2:?[ 2?5 v6?] |25 p?E9@?J (2J?6’D G:4E@CJ @G6C 2 }2E:G6 2C>J 😕 ~9:@[ E9C6H @A6? E96 |:5H6DE E@ &]$] D6EE=6>6?E] x? `g_b[ E96 ?2E:@?’D E6CC:E@CJ 8C6H 282:? H:E9 E96 {@F:D:2?2 !FC492D6]k^Am
kAm%96 r@?DE:EFE:@?[ 92G:?8 DFCG:G65 E96 (9:D<6J #636==:@?[ AC@G:565 2 >6E9@5 7@C 42CG:?8 2== E9:D =2?5 :?E@ ?6H DE2E6D]k^Am
kAm%9@F89 9:D >6E9@5D H6C6 @7E6? 5@>:?66C:?8[ w2>:=E@? 2=D@ DF4466565 😕 D9@C:?8 FA E96 ?2E:@?’D 7:?2?46D]k^Am
kAm(2D9:?8E@? 2?5 {66 925 :?D:DE65 E96 2C>J A2J 7@C E96 8@@5D 2?5 D6CG:46D :E C646:G65 5FC:?8 :ED DE2J 😕 H6DE6C? !6??DJ=G2?:2]k^Am
kAm%92E :?7FD:@? @7 42D9[ 2=@?8 H:E9 E96 `fhb DE2CEFA @7 E96 &]$] |:?E[ 7:?2==J 2==@H65 H6DE6C? !6??DJ=G2?:2 E@ D9:7E E@ 2 4FCC6?4J\32D65 64@?@>J[ rCJEK6C D2:5]k^Am
A reenactor leads children in a parade commemorating the Whiskey Rebellion in Washington, Pa.
Provided by Bradford House
kAm$E:==[ 😕 H92E >FDE 92G6 82==65 w2>:=E@?[ 9:D @=5 EC62DFCJ D64C6E2CJ ;@3 H2D 8:G6? 😕 `g_` E@ p=36CE v2==2E:?] %96 H6DE6C? !6??DJ=G2?:2 A@=:E:4:2? 925 EC:65 E@ 36 2 >@56C2E:?8 7@C46 😕 E96 (9:D<6J #636==:@?]k^Am
kAmv2==2E:? H2D D6=64E65 3J %9@>2D y6776CD@?[ H9@ H@? E96 AC6D:56?4J 3J C:5:?8 G@E6C 5:D4@?E6?E H:E9 (2D9:?8E@?’D 2?5 p52>D’ u656C2=:DE A@=:4:6D]k^Am
kAmy6776CD@? C67@4FD65 ?2E:@?2= 2EE6?E:@? @? E96 DE2E6D 2?5 E96 6IA2?D:@? @7 72C>:?8]k^Am
kAmy6776CD@? 6G6? 7:?2==J C6A62=65 E96 H9:D<6J E2I[ E9@F89 3J E9:D E:>6[ =2C86 5:DE:==6CD H6C6 72DE >2<:?8 A2CE\E:>6 AC@5F46CD 4@>>6C4:2==J :CC6=6G2?E]k^Am
kAm%96 =:EE=6 8FJD’ EC25:E:@? =:G6D @? 😕 pAA2=249:2 E9C@F89 E96 AC@5F4E:@? @7 >@@?D9:?6]k^Am
kAmpD rCJEK6C HC:E6D[ E96 8C@H:?8 |:DD:DD:AA: EC256 2=D@ C2:D65 E96 AC@7:=6 @7 32CC6=\2865 H9:D<6J[ H9:49 H2D D>@@E9 2?5 52C< H96C6 |@?@?8296=2 CJ6 H2D DEC@?8 2?5 4=62C]k^Am
kAmz6?EF46C:42? H9:D<6J E@ E96 H@C=5 😕 E96 7@C> @7 3@FC3@?]k^Am
kAmpD E96 &?:E65 $E2E6D 6?E6C65 E96 `hE9 46?EFCJ[ E96?[ :E H2D 82:?:?8 4@?7:56?46[ =@@<:?8 H6DE 2?5 D66<:?8 >@C6 677:4:6?E H2JD E@ 3C:?8 28C:4F=EFC2= AC@5F4ED E@ >2C<6E]k^Am
kAm}6IE >@?E9’D DE@CJ H:== 56D4C:36 9@H E96 ?2E:@? E@@< @? E9@D6 492==6?86D 😕 E96 8C62E 286 @7 42?2= 3F:=5:?8]k^Am
Success! An email has been sent to with a link to confirm list signup.
Error! There was an error processing your request.