Amid rapid advancements in 5G/6G mobile networks, LEO satellites, Wi-Fi 6E/7, and the Internet of Things (IoT), restructuring Vietnam’s radio spectrum resources plays a decisive role in positioning the country within the competitive landscape of emerging technologies.
The Prime Minister has signed the new National Radio Frequency Master Plan, replacing Decision No. 71/2013/QD-TTg (amended in 2017, 2021, and 2024). This is a landmark move in managing and utilizing the radio spectrum – a finite yet strategic digital-era resource.
Built on the latest commitments from the 2023 World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC-23), the plan includes updates to 65 frequency bands, 23 newly added footnotes, 77 modified footnotes, and 1 removed. These updates ensure compatibility with international spectrum allocations and create a strategic path for future technology applications.
Priority bands for emerging technologies
The new plan prioritizes critical spectrum bands for emerging tech. The 3400–3560 MHz and 6425–7125 MHz ranges are now designated for IMT (International Mobile Telecommunications), supporting 5G and 6G.
Previously used for Vinasat satellites, the 3400–3560 MHz band is now reallocated for mobile broadband, aligning with trends seen across Europe and Asia. The 6425–7125 MHz band is considered a “golden spectrum” for 6G, and early planning ensures Vietnam doesn’t fall behind in this technological leap.
The 600 MHz band, now cleared by the discontinuation of terrestrial digital TV, has also been earmarked for mobile use. As a low-frequency band with wide coverage, it is ideal for nationwide 5G/6G rollout, particularly in remote and rural areas.
The 5925–6425 MHz band has been allocated for Wi-Fi 6E/7, reflecting a global trend toward opening high-capacity bands for ultra-fast wireless connections. This move will enable Vietnamese citizens and businesses to enjoy next-gen broadband infrastructure, accelerating digital transformation in both industry and daily life.
Expanding the satellite technology frontier
Experts believe the new spectrum plan paves the way for rapid satellite technology development.
The Ka band is designated for new Vinasat geostationary satellites, increasing capacity for satellite communications and aligning with Vietnam’s space technology strategy through 2030.
For the first time, non-geostationary satellite orbit (LEO/NGSO) systems are officially included in the frequency roadmap. This sets the groundwork for modern telecommunications infrastructure based on low-orbit satellites – especially timely as Vietnam has already begun trialing systems like Starlink.
Flexible use of low-frequency bands
Another key highlight is the flexible reconfiguration of the 700/800/900 MHz bands. Instead of strictly assigning the entire bands to public mobile IMT systems, the new plan allows for shared usage with other wireless communication services. This flexible policy opens up new innovation opportunities while maximizing resource efficiency.
The frequency plan serves as a critical step in implementing Resolution 57-NQ/TW by the Politburo on developing national digital infrastructure and mastering strategic technologies.
Though invisible, radio frequency is finite. Now, it is being planned scientifically, in line with international norms, to support the creation of high-capacity, high-speed digital infrastructure for digital transformation, economic growth, smart society development, and national security.
Decision No. 37/2025/QD-TTg not only builds on its predecessor but also signals a new era: Vietnam is now proactively managing its radio frequency spectrum – a strategic resource in the digital age – positioning the country for technological breakthroughs and stronger presence on the global digital map.
Thai Khang