It’s a headline that’s sure to make anyone who owns property in Miami—or dreams of owning one—sit up and take notice: Miami named world’s most at-risk housing market amid bubble concerns. That’s the bold claim from a recent study by UBS, a giant in the world of banking and investments.

But is it really that simple? As someone who’s been watching real estate markets for a while, I can tell you that headlines like this often scratch only the surface. While the data points from UBS are certainly worth examining, there’s pushback from people who live and breathe the Miami market every day. They argue that this report, while attention-grabbing, might be missing some crucial pieces of the puzzle.

Miami Named World’s Most At-Risk Housing Market Amid Bubble Concerns
What the UBS Report Says: The Numbers Game

The UBS Global Real Estate Bubble Index is a yearly report that looks at housing markets in 21 major cities around the globe. They use a scoring system to figure out which cities are most likely to be experiencing a “bubble,” which is basically when housing prices get way too high compared to what people actually earn and what it costs to rent a place.

Here’s a breakdown of how they measure this “bubble risk”:

Price-to-Income Ratio: How expensive homes are compared to the average income in a city.
Price-to-Rent Ratio: How expensive it is to buy a home compared to the cost of renting a similar property.
Mortgage-to-GDP Ratio Change: How much people are borrowing for mortgages compared to the country’s economic output, and how this is changing.
Construction-to-GDP Ratio Change: How much new building is happening compared to the economy’s output, and how this is changing.
City-to-County Price Ratio: How much home prices in the city itself differ from prices in the surrounding county.

Cities with a score above 1.5 are considered at high risk. This year, Miami scored a 1.73, putting it squarely in that top-risk category. Tokyo and Zurich followed closely behind.

The report points out that over the last 15 years, Miami has seen its home prices climb faster than inflation than any other city in their study. They also mention that even though buying is becoming less affordable, home prices haven’t kept up with rent increases, leading to a price-to-rent ratio that’s even higher than it was during the 2006 property bubble. This, they argue, is a big red flag.

Why Some Experts Think the Report Misses the Mark

Now, this is where my own experience and understanding of real estate come in. It’s easy to look at numbers on a spreadsheet, but what about the reality on the ground? Several folks who are deeply involved in Miami’s real estate scene believe the UBS report isn’t quite painting the full picture.

Eli Beracha, director of the Tibor and Sheila Hollo School of Real Estate at Florida International University, feels the UBS report doesn’t give an accurate view of Miami. He makes a few strong points:

Hidden Income: Beracha argues that looking at income earned within Miami isn’t enough. He points out that a lot of people who live in Miami earn income outside of the city, or even outside the country, and then bring that wealth to Miami to buy property. This means their actual buying power might be much higher than what local income data suggests. “In Miami, we know that a lot of the income that is earned here, probably more than other cities, is not necessarily reported,” he told Realtor.com. “So a lot of people are really making more money than it is reported.”
International Wealth: Miami is a global city. It attracts money from all over the world. Beracha explains that when someone from Brazil or another country buys a home in Miami, they aren’t earning their money in Miami. They’re bringing existing wealth. This international appeal and the influx of foreign capital are massive drivers that the price-to-income ratio might not fully capture. “If somebody’s bringing wealth from, let’s say, Brazil, or any other country or another city, they’re not necessarily earning the money here, or they didn’t make the wealth here, but they’re bringing it here,” he said. He believes this makes the price-to-income metric less relevant for Miami.

Ana Bozovic, a Miami-based real estate agent and founder of Analytics Miami, is even more direct. She feels the UBS report is using Miami as “clickbait” and accused them of “spreading sensationalist misinformation.” She agrees with Beracha that the report focuses too much on just the pace of price growth, which she calls a “reductive lens.”

What the UBS Report Might Have Overlooked

Beyond the income and international wealth points, other factors are crucial for understanding Miami’s housing market:

The Power of Cash: This is a huge one that Beracha and Bozovic both highlight. Miami has an enormous segment of all-cash buyers. According to a recent Realtor.com report, Miami led the nation in all-cash deals in the first half of 2025, with 43% of transactions being cash. For homes over $1 million, that number went up to over 53%!

Why does this matter? When people buy with cash, they aren’t relying on loans. This means they are less susceptible to rising interest rates and less likely to fall behind on payments. Overleveraging, or borrowing too much, is what often triggers a bubble to burst. Cash buyers provide a strong backstop for prices, as they are less likely to be forced to sell at a loss. “You do not see crashes in housing when people buy in cash. You see crashes when there is overleveraging, where people borrow too much and then all of a sudden they cannot afford to pay the debt,” Beracha explains.

Low Distressed Properties and Limited Inventory: Bozovic also points out that Miami has a very low rate of distressed properties (like foreclosures) and that the number of homes available for sale is still below pre-pandemic levels. When there’s not much to buy, and demand is still there, prices tend to stay strong, even if they aren’t shooting up at breakneck speed.
Inflow from High-Tax States: Miami continues to attract people from states with higher taxes. These individuals often have significant wealth and are looking for a more favorable tax environment. Their move to Miami brings more spending power to the market.

The “Balloon” vs. The “Bubble”

Jake Krimmel, a senior economist at Realtor.com, offers a useful distinction. He agrees that the “boom” period experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic has cooled significantly in Miami. However, he doesn’t see it as a looming “bubble ready to burst.” Instead, he describes it as “the air slowly coming out of the balloon.”

Here’s what that means in practical terms:

Slower Pace: Miami is currently the slowest major U.S. housing market. Homes are taking longer to sell (89 days in September, 16 days longer than last year).
Increased Inventory: There are more homes on the market now than a year ago (up 16.3% in September).
Patient Sellers: Crucially, there’s also been a surge in listings being taken off the market. This tells me that sellers aren’t desperate to sell at a lower price. They’re willing to wait for the right buyer and the right price. Krimmel notes this indicates sellers are in a strong financial position and implies a “low level of seller distress.” This is a sign of stability, not panic.

Beracha echoes this, saying that the current situation is normal after a period of extremely low interest rates and rapid price increases. “It is normal that people take some time, a breather, trying to figure out the market,” he said.

Internal Contradictions in the Report?

Bozovic also points out what she calls “internal contradictions” within the UBS report itself. The report defines “bubble risk” as “the prevalence of a risk of a large price correction.” Yet, later in the same report, the authors acknowledge that while price growth might turn negative in the coming quarters, “a sharp correction appears unlikely at this stage.”

So, while they label Miami as having the highest risk, they don’t actually predict a crash. Furthermore, the report itself notes that Miami’s “coastal appeal and favorable tax environment continue to attract newcomers… with real estate prices still well below those in New York and Los Angeles. International demand—particularly from Latin America—remains robust.” This seems to underscore the underlying demand and real estate value that helps support prices.

My Take: A Maturing Market, Not a Meltdown

From my perspective, the UBS report highlights that Miami’s housing market has indeed experienced a period of rapid appreciation, and it’s now settling into a more sustainable pace. The metrics used by UBS, like price-to-income and price-to-rent ratios, are valuable tools but they need to be applied with a deep understanding of a city’s unique characteristics.

Miami isn’t just any city. It’s a magnet for international wealth, a hub for those seeking a lower tax burden, and a place where cash is king. The strength of its cash buyer market, the continued influx of motivated residents, and the limited supply of desirable properties all create a solid foundation. The cooling we’re seeing now feels more like a natural market correction, a necessary breathing room after a period of intense growth, rather than the prelude to a widespread collapse.

We’re likely to see a market that’s slower but steady. Prices might not skyrocket, but they’re also unlikely to plummet. It’s a maturing market, and that’s not a bad thing for long-term stability. The real story in Miami isn’t a bubble waiting to burst, but a vibrant city with sustained demand and capital inflow that keeps its housing market resilient.

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