Overview
In December 2025, compared with November 2025, seasonally adjusted industrial production decreased by 1.4% in the euro area and by 0.8% in the EU, according to first estimates from Eurostat, the statistical office of the European Union. In November 2025, industrial production grew by 0.3% in the euro area and fell by 0.1% in the EU.
In December 2025, compared with December 2024, industrial production increased by 1.2% in the euro area and by 1.4% in the EU.
The annual average industrial production for the year 2025, compared with 2024, increased by 1.5% in both the euro area and the EU.
Monthly comparison by main industrial grouping and by Member State
In the euro area in December 2025, compared with November 2025, industrial production
decreased for intermediate goods by 0.1%,
decreased for energy by 0.3%,
decreased for capital goods by 1.9%,
increased for durable consumer goods by 0.2%,
decreased for non-durable consumer goods by 0.3%.
In the EU, industrial production
increased for intermediate goods by 0.1%,
decreased for energy by 0.4%,
decreased for capital goods by 1.4%,
increased for durable consumer goods by 0.5%,
increased for non-durable consumer goods by 0.6%.
Among Member States for which data are available, the largest monthly decreases were recorded in Slovakia (-4.9%), Germany (-2.9%) and Spain (-2.6%). The highest increases were observed in Luxembourg (+6.4%), Sweden (+4.4%) and Malta (+4.2%).
Annual comparison by main industrial grouping and by Member State
In the euro area in December 2025, compared with December 2024, industrial production
increased for intermediate goods by 1.5%,
decreased for energy by 0.7%,
increased for capital goods by 4.1%,
decreased for durable consumer goods by 2.4%,
decreased for non-durable consumer goods by 2.1%.
In the EU, industrial production
increased for intermediate goods by 1.9%,
decreased for energy by 1.3%,
increased for capital goods by 4.5%,
decreased for durable consumer goods by 1.8%,
decreased for non-durable consumer goods by 2.0%.
Among Member States for which data are available, the highest annual increases were recorded in Poland (+6.9%), Sweden (+4.8%) and Croatia (+4.5%). The largest decreases were observed in Slovakia (-8.5%), Luxembourg (-7.9%) and Bulgaria (-6.8%).
Tables
Industrial production
% change compared with previous month*
Jul-25
Aug-25
Sep-25
Oct-25
Nov-25
Dec-25
0.6
-0.8
0.1
0.8
0.3
-1.4
0.6
-0.2
0.3
0.3
-0.1
-0.1
-2.0
-0.1
1.2
1.5
-2.2
-0.3
1.5
-1.1
-0.2
0.3
2.6
-1.9
1.2
-1.5
-0.3
2.4
-1.8
0.2
2.0
0.1
-2.4
1.3
-2.0
-0.3
0.5
-0.7
0.8
0.2
-0.1
-0.8
0.3
0.0
0.4
0.2
-0.2
0.1
-1.7
-0.3
1.1
1.0
-1.5
-0.4
1.1
-0.6
0.0
0.3
2.2
-1.4
0.9
-1.2
0.2
2.0
-2.2
0.5
1.6
-0.4
-0.2
-0.3
-2.6
0.6
Industrial production
% change compared with previous month*
Jul-25
Aug-25
Sep-25
Oct-25
Nov-25
Dec-25
0.6
-0.8
0.1
0.8
0.3
-1.4
0.6
-0.8
0.1
0.7
0.3
-1.3
0.5
-0.7
0.8
0.2
-0.1
-0.8
2.5
-0.4
-1.5
-2.0
-2.3
:
0.0
0.3
2.8
-2.3
-1.4
0.2
0.9
-1.0
1.4
-0.1
2.4
0.4
0.2
-2.5
8.7
-5.0
-4.1
-0.9
1.3
-3.4
1.3
1.5
0.8
-2.9
-5.4
1.4
-1.1
2.4
6.0
-1.7
1.5
9.2
-9.2
3.6
-0.7
-0.4
-0.2
-4.0
5.2
-1.8
1.8
1.6
-0.6
-0.2
0.5
0.7
1.1
-2.6
0.0
-1.1
1.0
0.1
0.1
-0.7
1.6
0.1
0.6
2.1
0.6
1.2
0.4
-2.5
2.8
-1.0
1.5
-0.4
0.8
-0.1
1.4
0.3
1.4
-1.1
1.2
-2.2
1.5
1.0
-0.4
-1.4
-1.7
1.8
-1.8
-0.6
2.3
-0.3
-2.1
5.1
-4.4
4.9
-11.4
6.4
1.6
-2.1
1.3
0.0
-1.6
0.9
-3.5
1.6
-2.5
0.0
-0.9
4.2
-1.1
2.6
0.1
0.3
-0.9
0.7
1.1
-3.6
0.8
0.3
-1.0
-0.1
1.5
-0.1
4.0
-0.9
-2.9
3.2
-0.3
1.1
1.0
0.9
-3.1
-2.0
-0.3
-1.9
1.2
0.5
-0.6
0.8
1.6
-1.6
1.4
0.1
-0.4
-1.5
0.5
0.2
3.3
-2.6
0.8
-4.9
-2.3
1.5
0.0
1.8
0.2
-0.7
-5.7
3.1
5.9
-7.0
-0.4
4.4
0.5
1.4
4.0
-3.0
-1.9
0.8
1.2
-2.3
6.3
:
:
:
Industrial production
% change compared with same month of the previous year*
Jul-25
Aug-25
Sep-25
Oct-25
Nov-25
Dec-25
2.0
1.2
1.3
2.0
2.2
1.2
-0.9
-1.6
0.5
0.5
0.1
1.5
0.3
-0.5
2.0
5.0
0.6
-0.7
2.1
0.0
1.3
0.3
3.4
4.1
0.1
-2.6
-2.7
0.9
-2.6
-2.4
6.8
8.5
2.4
5.1
4.0
-2.1
1.9
1.2
2.1
2.0
2.0
1.4
-0.7
-1.0
0.8
0.5
0.0
1.9
-0.2
-1.1
1.3
3.4
0.0
-1.3
2.5
0.7
1.8
1.0
3.8
4.5
0.0
-2.0
-1.4
0.8
-3.1
-1.8
5.7
6.7
4.8
4.6
3.0
-2.0
Industrial production
% change compared with same month of the previous year*
Jul-25
Aug-25
Sep-25
Oct-25
Nov-25
Dec-25
2.0
1.2
1.3
2.0
2.2
1.2
1.9
1.2
1.3
2.0
2.2
1.1
1.9
1.2
2.1
2.0
2.0
1.4
0.3
2.4
2.0
1.5
0.5
:
-8.4
-9.0
-5.7
-7.5
-9.1
-6.8
1.8
-1.2
0.8
1.0
5.8
3.8
-4.0
-3.9
11.2
0.9
0.1
-6.3
2.0
-3.9
-0.9
1.2
1.0
-0.7
0.7
1.0
-1.7
-1.2
3.4
0.2
7.7
28.5
6.7
8.7
8.4
3.2
-0.5
-2.0
8.2
3.3
4.4
4.0
2.5
3.1
1.5
1.3
4.9
-0.5
1.9
0.3
1.5
1.6
1.9
1.6
-0.9
3.0
0.0
5.3
8.7
4.5
0.9
-3.0
1.4
-0.2
1.4
3.2
1.9
2.3
4.4
3.9
9.8
3.6
9.4
2.3
6.2
8.4
7.2
1.0
0.8
0.7
-2.6
2.3
2.6
0.2
-3.4
9.8
-2.1
3.3
-8.0
-7.9
-1.5
-4.8
-1.5
-3.2
-5.5
-1.0
6.3
7.8
0.0
-0.1
-7.8
-6.0
0.3
2.0
4.0
3.2
1.7
2.9
4.0
-0.2
0.8
4.1
0.8
0.2
3.1
2.4
6.0
3.5
-0.6
6.9
2.2
1.6
2.5
-0.4
0.4
3.4
2.7
-1.0
0.4
0.5
-0.7
1.3
0.3
-1.5
-1.0
-2.7
-1.8
-4.1
-4.7
-6.3
0.6
-3.7
-4.6
-8.5
-4.8
-1.6
-0.2
2.5
1.7
2.0
4.4
8.2
14.4
5.2
2.9
4.8
-3.4
1.7
20.6
5.1
2.0
2.3
-2.7
0.7
9.2
:
:
:
Production indices for total industry, calendar and seasonally adjusted
(base year 2021)
Jul-25
Aug-25
Sep-25
Oct-25
Nov-25
Dec-25
98.9
98.1
98.2
99.0
99.3
97.9
98.9
98.1
98.2
98.9
99.2
97.9
100.4
99.7
100.5
100.7
100.6
99.8
93.2
92.8
91.4
89.6
87.5
:
91.6
91.9
94.5
92.3
91.0
91.2
100.7
99.7
101.1
101.0
103.4
103.8
131.3
128.0
139.2
132.3
126.9
125.7
93.0
89.8
91.0
92.4
93.1
90.4
86.5
87.7
86.7
88.8
94.1
92.5
118.5
129.4
117.5
121.7
120.8
120.3
113.6
109.0
114.7
112.6
114.6
116.4
102.5
102.3
102.8
103.5
104.6
101.9
103.0
101.9
102.9
103.0
103.1
102.4
101.5
101.6
102.2
104.3
104.9
106.2
94.2
91.8
94.4
93.5
94.9
94.5
110.8
110.7
112.3
112.6
114.2
112.9
98.0
95.8
97.2
98.2
97.8
96.4
105.0
106.9
105.0
104.4
106.8
106.5
88.1
92.6
88.5
92.8
82.2
87.5
93.8
91.8
93.0
93.0
91.5
92.3
115.6
117.4
114.5
114.5
113.5
118.3
100.5
103.1
103.2
103.5
102.6
103.3
105.6
101.8
102.6
102.9
101.9
101.8
112.0
111.9
116.4
115.3
111.9
115.5
97.2
98.3
99.3
100.2
97.1
95.2
97.5
95.6
96.7
97.2
96.6
97.4
93.6
92.1
93.4
93.5
93.1
91.7
95.5
95.7
98.9
96.3
97.1
92.3
99.8
101.3
101.3
103.1
103.3
102.6
105.0
108.3
114.7
106.7
106.3
111.0
104.9
106.4
110.7
107.4
105.4
106.2
112.6
110.0
116.9
:
:
:
Production indices for total industry, calendar adjusted
(base year 2021)
Jul-25
Aug-25
Sep-25
Oct-25
Nov-25
Dec-25
100.1
83.6
102.6
104.1
105.5
93.8
100.0
83.7
102.6
104.1
105.5
93.8
100.0
86.1
104.7
106.1
106.8
96.1
86.9
85.0
95.8
95.5
87.6
:
94.4
89.7
96.8
98.1
95.4
94.8
90.0
92.6
104.4
106.9
112.1
96.2
121.4
124.7
143.1
139.4
134.9
128.9
92.7
82.3
94.6
94.7
100.0
86.0
75.2
84.5
87.7
93.7
98.7
90.3
120.3
120.8
132.6
135.5
136.9
117.8
126.6
101.5
118.4
110.4
110.6
120.7
107.5
80.1
105.9
109.6
110.4
93.2
101.5
79.8
104.2
108.1
107.5
104.7
108.2
87.1
106.0
112.4
109.0
104.8
103.6
61.1
100.1
101.4
100.0
82.8
124.4
92.3
118.0
115.2
111.6
113.2
103.1
101.2
101.8
108.2
106.0
94.5
100.7
107.7
107.4
108.5
111.7
104.9
87.0
78.4
90.5
97.5
83.4
83.1
93.7
81.3
101.2
99.2
97.0
82.4
121.2
110.3
119.1
118.9
115.2
108.2
98.5
94.8
104.5
106.2
106.5
103.6
106.5
90.4
107.3
107.5
107.1
100.6
108.9
104.7
118.1
124.2
114.8
112.4
103.5
81.3
101.0
101.7
101.3
87.4
99.0
87.1
99.1
102.4
101.1
92.3
93.9
77.0
96.8
99.3
97.8
82.4
85.3
85.8
101.6
106.2
102.2
84.3
86.6
98.5
103.8
108.4
108.2
111.5
81.5
93.5
118.6
113.6
112.2
117.1
102.8
107.7
98.8
111.9
109.7
112.7
109.8
100.2
117.7
:
:
:
Notes for users
Revisions and timetable
Compared with data issued in the News Release of 15 January 2026, the monthly percentage changes for November 2025 has been revised from +0.7% to +0.3% in the in the euro area and from +0.2% to -0.1% in the EU. The annual percentage changes has been revised from +2.5% to +2.2% in the in the euro area and from +2.2% to +2.0% in the EU.
Methods and definitions
The index of industrial production measures the evolution of the volume of production for industry excluding construction, based on data adjusted for calendar and seasonal effects.
Seasonally adjusted euro area and EU series are calculated by aggregating the seasonally adjusted national data.
Total industry covers NACE rev.2 sections B to D. Missing observations from Member States for recent months are estimated for the calculation of the euro area and the EU aggregates.
Geographical information
Up to 31 December 2025, the euro area included Belgium, Germany, Estonia, Ireland, Greece, Spain,
France, Croatia, Italy, Cyprus, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Austria,
Portugal, Slovenia, Slovakia and Finland (EA20). From 1 January 2026, the euro area also includes
Bulgaria (EA21).
The aggregate data series commented on in this Euro indicator release refer to the official composition
of the euro area in the most recent month for which data are available. Thus, Euro indicator releases
with data for months up to December 2025 comment on EA20 series, while releases with data for
January 2026 onwards will comment on EA21 series.
The European Union includes Belgium, Bulgaria, Czechia, Denmark, Germany, Estonia, Ireland, Greece, Spain, France, Croatia, Italy, Cyprus, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Hungary, Malta, the Netherlands, Austria, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovenia, Slovakia, Finland and Sweden (EU27).
For more information