NASA is weighing an unusual rescue mission: sending a spacecraft to nudge the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory into a higher orbit so it can keep working.

Swift launched back in 2004 for what was meant to be just a two-year mission. Nearly 20 years later, it’s still chasing gamma-ray bursts, the most powerful explosions known, coming from galaxies billions of light-years away.

The problem is Swift’s low Earth orbit is slowly dropping. Extra atmospheric drag, fueled by strong solar activity, is pulling it down faster than expected. On top of that, NASA’s current budget proposal ends the mission after FY2026. Without help, the spacecraft will face atmospheric reentry by late 2026 and burn up high above Earth.

Partnering with industry for a possible boost

To see if Swift can be saved, NASA has brought in two U.S. companies, Cambrian Works in Reston (Virginia) and Katalyst Space Technologies in Flagstaff (Arizona), to study options for an orbital boost. If it works, the maneuver could buy Swift years of extra science time.

As Nicky Fox, Associate Administrator for NASA’s Science Mission Directorate, put it: “NASA Science is committed to leveraging commercial technologies to find innovative, cost-effective ways to open new capabilities for the future of the American space sector.”

One possibility is to adapt existing servicing tech. Northrop Grumman’s Mission Extension Vehicle (MEV) has already been used to extend the life of commercial satellites. Something like it could work for Swift too.

Is Swift still as important today as it was back in 2004?

The Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory is like a cosmic first responder, with three telescopes working in sync to spot gamma-ray bursts the instant they flare. These fleeting explosions are windows into black holes, dying stars, and the universe’s earliest moments.

For over 20 years, Swift has helped make big discoveries, teaming up with observatories around the world and inspiring young scientists who fell in love with space through its story.

Swift was renamed in honor of its late principal investigator, Neil Gehrels. Over the years, it’s survived more than one close call. In 2023, one of its three gyroscopes began to fail. Engineers switched to a two-gyro system they’d prepared years earlier, keeping the science going without missing a beat.

But there’s no workaround for orbital decay. The drag from Earth’s atmosphere will keep pulling Swift down until it’s gone, unless NASA acts soon.

Could Hubble be next in line?

Swift’s situation has sparked talk about other missions that might benefit from a boost, including the Hubble Space Telescope. Former NASA administrator nominee Jared Isaacman once proposed a Hubble reboost, but the plan was shelved.

NASA says there’s still time to explore commercial options for Hubble, especially since it was built to be serviced. If Swift gets its rescue, it could prove the concept works and open the door to keeping other valuable observatories in orbit.

That would be a big win for the future of the American space sector.

The countdown is on…

If nothing changes, Swift will keep sinking until it burns up on reentry in 2026, or maybe sooner than expected, thanks to high solar activity.

The fix could come from proven tech like Northrop Grumman’s MEV, or from new servicing craft developed by Cambrian Works or Katalyst Space Technologies. If it works, it will show that orbital servicing isn’t just for commercial satellites; it can keep world-class science missions alive too. And maybe become a regular tool.

As astronaut Jim Lovell proved during Apollo 13, spaceflight is about solving problems fast when the stakes are high. For Swift, the next two years will decide whether it keeps exploring the universe or becomes nothing more than a brief streak of light in Earth’s atmosphere.