{"id":286152,"date":"2025-11-11T22:40:07","date_gmt":"2025-11-11T22:40:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/us\/286152\/"},"modified":"2025-11-11T22:40:07","modified_gmt":"2025-11-11T22:40:07","slug":"first-full-simulation-of-50-qubit-universal-quantum-computer-achieved","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/us\/286152\/","title":{"rendered":"First full simulation of 50-qubit universal quantum computer achieved"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"New<\/p>\n

View between the racks of JUPITER. Credit: Forschungszentrum J\u00fclich \/ Sascha Kreklau<\/p>\n

A research team at the J\u00fclich Supercomputing Center, together with experts from NVIDIA, has set a new record in quantum simulation: for the first time, a universal quantum computer with 50 qubits has been fully simulated\u2014a feat achieved on Europe’s first exascale supercomputer, JUPITER, inaugurated at Forschungszentrum J\u00fclich in September.<\/p>\n

The result surpasses the previous world record of 48 qubits, established by J\u00fclich researchers in 2022 on Japan’s K computer. It showcases the immense computational power of JUPITER and opens new horizons for developing and testing quantum algorithms<\/a>. The research is published<\/a> on the arXiv preprint server.<\/p>\n

Quantum computer simulations are vital for developing future quantum systems. They allow researchers to verify experimental results and test new algorithms long before powerful quantum machines become reality. Among these are the Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE), which can model molecules and materials, and the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA), used for optimization problems in logistics, finance, and artificial intelligence.<\/p>\n

Pushing the limits of classical computing<\/p>\n

Simulating a quantum computer on conventional hardware is an enormous challenge. The number of possible quantum states increases exponentially: each additional quantum bit, or qubit for short, doubles both the computing and memory requirements.<\/p>\n

While around 30 qubits can still be handled on a standard laptop, simulating 50 qubits demands around 2 petabytes\u2014roughly two million gigabytes\u2014of memory. “Only the world’s largest supercomputers currently offer that much,” says Prof. Kristel Michielsen, Director at the J\u00fclich Supercomputing Center. “This use case illustrates how closely progress in high-performance computing<\/a> and quantum research are intertwined today.”<\/p>\n

The simulation replicates the intricate quantum physics of a real processor in full detail. Every operation\u2014such as applying a quantum gate\u2014affects more than 2 quadrillion complex numerical values, a “2” with 15 zeros. These values must be synchronized across thousands of computing nodes in order to precisely replicate the functioning of a real quantum processor.<\/p>\n

\"New<\/p>\n

Overview of JUPITER\u2019s quad GH200 node design with included technology and bandwidths. Each node contains four GH200 superchips, each comprising a tightly integrated CPU\u2013GPU pair. Credit: arXiv (2025). DOI: 10.48550\/arxiv.2511.03359<\/p>\n

\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tBreakthrough enabled by new memory technology<\/p>\n

The record was made possible by the close coupling of central processing units (CPUs) and graphics processing units (GPUs) in NVIDIA GH200 Superchips, which are used in the JUPITER supercomputer. This design allows data that exceed GPU memory limits to be temporarily stored in CPU memory with minimal loss of performance.<\/p>\n

To exploit this hybrid memory system, specialists at the NVIDIA Application Lab\u2014a initiative between the J\u00fclich Supercomputing Center (JSC) and NVIDIA\u2014enhanced J\u00fclich’s simulation software J\u00fclich Universal Quantum Computer Simulator (JUQCS). The new version, JUQCS-50, now performs quantum operations efficiently even when parts of the data are offloaded to the CPU.<\/p>\n

Further innovations include a byte-encoding compression method that reduces memory requirements eightfold and a dynamic algorithm that continuously optimizes data exchange between more than 16,000 GH200 Superchips.<\/p>\n

“With JUQCS-50, we can emulate universal quantum computers with high fidelity<\/a> and tackle questions that no existing quantum processor can yet solve,” says Prof. Hans De Raedt of the J\u00fclich Supercomputing Center and lead author of the study published as a preprint.<\/p>\n

Integration into J\u00fclich’s quantum infrastructure<\/p>\n

JUQCS-50 will also be accessible to external research institutions and companies via JUNIQ\u2014the J\u00fclich UNified Infrastructure for Quantum Computing. It will serve both as a research tool and as a benchmark for future supercomputers.<\/p>\n

The development took place within the framework of the JUPITER Research and Early Access Program (JUREAP). “Through early collaboration, hardware and software could be co-designed during JUPITER’s construction phase, in close cooperation between J\u00fclich experts and NVIDIA\u2014an important step toward realizing the full potential of this exascale system,” explains Dr. Andreas Herten, a member of the J\u00fclich JUPITER project team and co-author of the study.<\/p>\n

More information:
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tHans De Raedt et al, Universal Quantum Simulation of 50 Qubits on Europe’s First Exascale Supercomputer Harnessing Its Heterogeneous CPU-GPU Architecture, arXiv (2025). DOI: 10.48550\/arxiv.2511.03359<\/a><\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tJournal information:
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tarXiv<\/a>
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tProvided by
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tJ\u00fclich Research Centre<\/a>
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\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCitation:
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tFirst full simulation of 50-qubit universal quantum computer achieved (2025, November 11)
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tretrieved 11 November 2025
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tfrom https:\/\/phys.org\/news\/2025-11-full-simulation-qubit-universal-quantum.html\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t This document is subject to copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of private study or research, no
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