{"id":311148,"date":"2025-11-24T16:56:18","date_gmt":"2025-11-24T16:56:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/us\/311148\/"},"modified":"2025-11-24T16:56:18","modified_gmt":"2025-11-24T16:56:18","slug":"texas-workers-keep-dying-in-the-heat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/us\/311148\/","title":{"rendered":"Texas Workers Keep Dying in the Heat"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Eighteen-year-old Danny Nolasco spent the day of July 15, 2024, mixing and hauling buckets of cement at a construction site in stifling heat.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>The neighborhood of sprawling four- and five-bedroom houses, west of the Austin suburb of Bee Cave, was worlds away from the small mountain town in Honduras where Nolasco grew up. He had come to Texas two years earlier, hoping for a better life, and was working in his free time while attending school.<\/p>\n<p>The crew started work at 9 a.m. and plowed through the day, breaking only once, for lunch. By the afternoon the temperature had reached 99 degrees, with a heat index of 104.<\/p>\n<p>Shortly after 6 p.m., Nolasco collapsed. Other workers called 911 but when emergency medical providers arrived, they were not able to revive him. He died on the scene.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIt all happened so fast,\u201d said Grevin Hern\u00e1ndez, Nolasco\u2019s uncle. \u201cWe never got a clear explanation of what happened to him.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The Travis County medical examiner listed his cause of death as \u201cundetermined\u201d and found no underlying health issues.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>But U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration investigators, who look for underlying causes of workplace casualties that might otherwise go unnoticed, classified the fatality as a heat death. They found that Nolasco\u2019s employer did not sufficiently prepare him to work in high heat.<\/p>\n<p>Carlos Cruz Construction, the company he was working for that day, declined to comment for this story.<\/p>\n<p>About This Story<\/p>\n<p>This is the fourth in an occasional series of stories exploring the effects of rising temperatures across Texas. The project is a collaboration between Inside Climate News, the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.expressnews.com\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">San Antonio Express-News<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/publichealthwatch.org\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Public Health Watch<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>As hot weather reaches new extremes and heat deaths <a href=\"https:\/\/www.texastribune.org\/2024\/01\/12\/texas-heat-deaths-2023-record-climate-change\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">rise<\/a> across Texas, more workers face the same risks as Nolasco. Inside Climate News obtained OSHA records detailing five other Texas workers who died from the heat in 2024. From the Panhandle to San Antonio to Houston, construction workers, an oilfield worker and a mechanic all succumbed to punishing temperatures.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Nolasco was the youngest; the oldest was 57. All were male; none was a union member. Two were Central American immigrants. In three of the six cases, OSHA fined the employer for failing to protect workers from heat. One family filed a wrongful-death lawsuit.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Recent <a href=\"https:\/\/publichealth.gwu.edu\/nearly-28000-work-injuries-every-year-are-linked-hot-weather\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">research<\/a> shows that statewide heat safety standards can help prevent injuries. But despite its withering climate, Texas, like most states, has no regulations requiring water breaks or other worker heat protections. Bills in the Texas Legislature aiming to create statewide workplace heat standards and worker protections have failed.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Austin and Dallas ordinances required rest breaks for workers within city limits. But in 2023, they were overturned by House Bill 2127, dubbed the Death Star bill by its opponents. The bill banned city ordinances governing commerce, including any labor protections, and effectively blocked other cities from passing similar protections.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Meanwhile, workers keep dying preventable deaths. Many of these, experts warn, go unrecorded\u2014hiding the true extent of the crisis.<\/p>\n<p>Growing up in Sabana de Su\u00e1rez, Honduras, Nolasco was active in the local Catholic church, San Miguel Arc\u00e1ngel. Grevin Hern\u00e1ndez, who was only three years older than his nephew, told Inside Climate News in a phone interview that they were more like brothers.<\/p>\n<p>Nolasco\u2019s family, devastated by his death, repatriated the teenager\u2019s remains to Honduras. A funeral was held in August 2024.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe still haven\u2019t really adjusted to the fact that we lost my nephew,\u201d Hern\u00e1ndez said. Nolasco\u2019s parents and grandmother, he added, are struggling with the loss.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIt\u2019s been very complicated for them,\u201d he said. \u201cIt\u2019s hard for them to talk about this.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/project\/heat-kills\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\" noreferrer noopener nofollow\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"285\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" http:=\"\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-98367\" style=\"width:300px\" data-lazy- data-lazy- data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/heat-kills-logo.png\"\/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>The U.S. requires safe workplaces but has no national regulations specifying how to protect workers from heat. Last year\u2014a half-century after a federal research agency <a href=\"https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/news\/10072024\/federal-heat-protection-standard-vulnerable-workers\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">made recommendations for such protections<\/a>\u2014the Biden administration introduced a draft of what could become the first federal heat safety rule, requiring employers to address heat hazards in the workplace.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>It\u2019s unclear what will become of the proposal under the Trump administration, which is rolling back regulations across the government. OSHA began <a href=\"https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/news\/03072025\/osha-heat-injury-protection-hearings\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">public hearings<\/a> on the proposed rule in June, a month after House Republicans attacked it in a <a href=\"https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/news\/15052025\/republicans-attack-osha-worker-heat-safety-rules\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">congressional hearing<\/a>.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Heat is the No. 1 weather-related killer worldwide; the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ilo.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2024-07\/ILO_OSH_Heatstress-R16.pdf\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">International Labour Organization<\/a>\u2014a United Nations agency\u2014estimated that more than 2.4 billion workers were exposed to excessive heat globally in 2020. Local and national governments have failed to catch up to the risk, which climate change is worsening.<\/p>\n<p>Only <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nrdc.org\/resources\/occupational-heat-safety-standards-united-states\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">seven<\/a> states in the U.S. have any kind of workplace heat standard, and even those only cover some industries or types of workers. Other states, including <a href=\"https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/news\/22052025\/new-mexico-proposes-extreme-heat-standards-to-protect-workers\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">New Mexico<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/azgovernor.gov\/office-arizona-governor\/news\/2025\/05\/governor-katie-hobbs-takes-action-protect-arizona-workers-heat\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Arizona<\/a>, are <a href=\"https:\/\/www.americanprogress.org\/article\/states-must-lead-the-way-to-protect-workers-from-extreme-heat\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">developing standards<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWithout proper protections for these workers, we\u2019ll see more workers either get hospitalized or unfortunately not come home to their families at the end of the shift,\u201d said Texas state Rep. Armando Walle, a Democrat from Houston.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"750\" height=\"1536\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" http:=\"\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-102841\" data-lazy- data-lazy- data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/TexasUSHeatDeathsTimeline750px.png\"\/><\/p>\n<p>Labor advocates and some elected officials in Texas, like Walle, are continuing to fight for heat protections for workers. It\u2019s an uphill battle.<\/p>\n<p>Walle introduced <a href=\"https:\/\/capitol.texas.gov\/BillLookup\/History.aspx?LegSess=89R&amp;Bill=HB3982\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">a bill<\/a> for worker heat protections in the state\u2019s 2025 legislative session, proposing basic interventions, backed by research, such as mandated heat safety training, paid rest breaks, shaded rest areas and access to drinking water. The bill didn\u2019t even get a hearing, let alone reach the floor for a vote.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThose people are on my mind all the time,\u201d he said. \u201cEvery year I file these bills and I will continue to fight for these workers.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Six Lives Cut Short<\/p>\n<p>The first heat fatality that OSHA investigated in Texas in 2024 was of a 51-year-old oilfield worker. Jose Gallegos died on May 24 while working on a rig in South Texas. He was pulling pipe under full sunlight, on a day with a high of 101 and a heat index peaking at 114.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Nolasco collapsed and died in July of that year. Less than one month later, 21-year-old Ethan Mackay died while installing fences in the small Panhandle town of Girard.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Then the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.houstonpublicmedia.org\/articles\/news\/weather\/2024\/08\/19\/497156\/houston-weather-100-degree-temperatures-2024-august\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">biggest heat wave of the year<\/a> hit Houston and San Antonio. On Aug. 19, Martin Arias Cabrera died while installing fences at a Houston house. Two hundred miles west, Alfredo Sedillo, 43, died the next day after a shift at a nursery in San Antonio. On Aug. 21, Rolando Varela G\u00f3mez died in Fort Bend County, outside Houston, at the construction site of a water treatment plant.<\/p>\n<p>Those six deaths are likely far from heat\u2019s full toll that summer. The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.federalregister.gov\/documents\/2024\/08\/30\/2024-14824\/heat-injury-and-illness-prevention-in-outdoor-and-indoor-work-settings\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">draft federal heat rule<\/a> acknowledges \u201csignificant undercounting\u201d of occupational injuries, illnesses and deaths. Last year the Tampa Bay Times found <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tampabay.com\/investigations\/2024\/12\/14\/florida-workers-died-heat-their-deaths-were-kept-authorities\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">19 heat fatalities<\/a> among Florida workers between 2013 and 2023 that had not been reported to OSHA. Underreporting is especially prevalent in industries like construction that employ many undocumented immigrants.<\/p>\n<p>The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported <a href=\"https:\/\/www.federalregister.gov\/documents\/2024\/08\/30\/2024-14824\/heat-injury-and-illness-prevention-in-outdoor-and-indoor-work-settings\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">1,042 worker deaths<\/a> due to occupational exposure to heat between 1992 and 2022\u201434 a year on average. One-third of those deaths were among construction workers, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/climate-indicators\/closer-look-heat-related-workplace-deaths\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">according to the Environmental Protection Agency<\/a>. The EPA also notes this is likely an undercount.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2500\" height=\"1667\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" http:=\"\" alt=\"Jasmine Granillo, whose brother Roendy Granillo died from heat stroke in 2015 while working on a housing construction site, attends a vigil and thirst strike for workers\u2019 rights on the House steps of the U.S. Capitol on July 25, 2023. Credit: Tom Williams\/CQ-Roll Call, Inc via Getty Images\" class=\"wp-image-102831\" data-lazy- data-lazy- data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/GettyImages-1554104447.jpg\"\/>Jasmine Granillo, whose brother Roendy Granillo died from heat stroke in 2015 while working on a housing construction site, attends a vigil and thirst strike for workers\u2019 rights on the House steps of the U.S. Capitol on July 25, 2023. Credit: Tom Williams\/CQ-Roll Call, Inc via Getty Images<\/p>\n<p>OSHA investigations show how some employers fail to provide the most basic protections from heat. Other employers have heat safety plans but don\u2019t always follow them.<\/p>\n<p>Republican legislators in Texas have argued against worker safety protections on the basis that OSHA rules are sufficient. But the agency has long been understaffed. In 2020, the National Employment Law Project found that it would <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nelp.org\/number-federal-workplace-safety-inspectors-falls-45-year-low\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">take the agency 165 years<\/a> to inspect every workplace under its jurisdiction a single time.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Trump\u2019s proposed <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dol.gov\/sites\/dolgov\/files\/general\/budget\/2026\/FY2026BIB.pdf\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">2026 budget<\/a> would slash OSHA\u2019s funding by nearly $50 million, including major cuts to its enforcement division, and would eliminate more than 200 workers\u2014about 12 percent of its staff.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Following the six workplace heat fatalities in Texas in 2024, OSHA issued penalties to four companies that ranged from under $5,000 to over $31,000. Some of the fines were for safety violations unrelated to heat that OSHA found while investigating the deaths. Two of the cases are still open.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>This information reflects inspection reports OSHA released to Inside Climate News through public records requests and details on the agency\u2019s website. OSHA answered a question about one company\u2019s fines but did not answer other questions about these inspections.<\/p>\n<p>Family members of deceased workers said they didn\u2019t receive updates from OSHA about the results of the agency\u2019s investigations into their relatives\u2019 deaths.<\/p>\n<p>Ryan Pollock, executive director of the Texas State Building and Construction Trades Council\u2014a trade union\u2014said OSHA is \u201cintentionally underfunded.\u201d The number of heat deaths, he added, does not reflect \u201cthe significantly larger amount of near-misses\u201d at Texas construction sites.<\/p>\n<p>Pollock, who previously worked for an electricians union, gave examples of seriously ill workers left to cool off under a tree or sent home from work without receiving proper medical care.<\/p>\n<p>OSHA <a href=\"https:\/\/www.osha.gov\/heat-exposure\/water-rest-shade\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">says<\/a> employers should encourage workers to drink at least one cup of water every 20 minutes while working in the heat. For jobs lasting more than two hours, they should drink beverages with electrolytes, like sports drinks.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201cSome people are shocked that we would have to make sure that cool water be provided on these worksites. But it\u2019s shockingly necessary.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u2014 Ryan Pollock, Texas State Building and Construction Trades Council<\/p>\n<p>The day Alfredo Sedillo died, he was repairing an excavator behind a flower shop. Altman Specialty Plants, his employer, did not provide water for him and his coworkers, according to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.documentcloud.org\/documents\/26289104-osha-heat-citations-altman-specialty-plants\/#document\/p1\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">OSHA documents<\/a>. When investigators visited the site less than a week later, they found water fountains covered in dirt, trash and cobwebs with no running water. Where there was a shelf holding gallon-sized bottles of water, a sign warned: \u201cPlease do not use water for coffee. Water is for Toilet. Thank you.\u201d\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Pollock, of the building trades council, said the union contract for the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers Local 520 in Austin requires employers to provide cool water during warm weather. Access to water is not a given.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cSome people are shocked that we would have to make sure that cool water be provided on these worksites,\u201d he said. \u201cBut it\u2019s shockingly necessary.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>In an emailed statement, an Altman representative said the company provides ice machines, potable water, shade and rest breaks for employees, and trains both management and employees on heat-illness prevention.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201cOur employees\u2019 well-being is important to us,\u201d the statement read. \u201cWe were deeply saddened to learn of Alfredo Sedillo\u2019s passing, and our thoughts remain with his family and loved ones.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"block-caption\">A sign instructs employees not to drink water on a shelf and a water fountain covered in cobwebs, trash and dust are photographed by OSHA during an investigation of Altman Specialty Plants on Aug. 26, 2024, less than a week after Alfredo Sedillo\u2019s death. Credit: OSHA<\/p>\n<p>Francis Sedillo, Alfredo\u2019s wife, said that he and his coworkers were exposed to extreme heat constantly at work, and every summer brought instances of heat illness. She remembers that the company\u2019s ice machines were often broken and that he and his colleagues would sometimes have to buy their own ice to cope. She worried about his long hours and what she saw\u2014and OSHA later cited in its investigation\u2014as the company\u2019s lack of heat protections. According to OSHA records, the company had at least three other recorded heat-related injuries.<\/p>\n<p>Although Altman said it has a heat training program, OSHA found that at least some workers were not trained last year, and Francis Sedillo said that her husband was among them.<\/p>\n<p>In the emailed statement, Altman wrote that the plant\u2019s general manager spoke with Alfredo Sedillo before he left work for the final time and \u201cthere was nothing to suggest he was feeling unwell or in distress.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe cooperated fully with OSHA in its review, and the matter has since been resolved,\u201d the statement continued.<\/p>\n<p>The day that Alfredo Sedillo died was one of the hottest of the year there, hitting 105 degrees. When he got home from work that day, he felt dizzy and overheated. He went to take a shower as Francis Sedillo worked in the living room. After a while, she checked on him.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>He was unconscious. She called an ambulance immediately, but it was too late.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201cHe was already gone,\u201d she said.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Later that day, a justice of the peace arrived and ruled a heart attack the cause of death, although Alfredo Sedillo had no known heart problems, his wife said. No autopsy was performed, nor did anyone tell Francis Sedillo it was an option. Later, she sought legal advice and a lawyer told her that without an autopsy, there was nothing she could do to get justice for her husband\u2019s death.<\/p>\n<p>His employer did not report the death to OSHA within eight hours, as required by law, the agency said. It was Francis Sedillo who called the San Antonio OSHA office and prompted an investigation into hazardous workplace conditions.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>The agency found that Altman, Alfredo Sedillo\u2019s employer, had failed to protect him and his coworkers from extreme heat. OSHA issued the company multiple citations, ultimately fining it about $31,000, which the company paid.<\/p>\n<p>Francis Sedillo fears another family will go through what she did.<\/p>\n<p>Many of her husband\u2019s coworkers were immigrants, elderly or with limited job options, making it difficult for them to advocate for safer conditions, she said.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201cI need to speak up because my husband was born here and he has a voice,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n<p>Immigrants Face High Heat Risks<\/p>\n<p>Many of the most physically demanding and dangerous jobs in Texas are filled by immigrants. This also makes them more vulnerable to the heat.<\/p>\n<p>All workers can face retaliation for reporting unsafe conditions, but the stakes are even higher for immigrant workers, said David Chincanchan, Austin-based policy director of the advocacy group Workers Defense Project.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIt puts immigrant workers in a really difficult position,\u201d Chincanchan said. \u201cAnd the fact that immigrant workers are put in such a vulnerable position to be exploited doesn\u2019t just impact the immigrant workers, it lowers the standards and the conditions for all workers in Texas.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1ndido \u00c1lvarez, a Honduran immigrant, knows this firsthand. During a decade working in construction in Houston, he said, he has experienced wage theft and dangerous working conditions. To cope with the city\u2019s brutal heat and sticky humidity, \u00c1lvarez starts drinking water well before reporting to work at 7 a.m. But by then, \u201csometimes you\u2019re already sweating.\u201d He sometimes sweats through three shirts in a single work day.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWhen the hot season comes, it\u2019s always an odyssey,\u201d he said in Spanish.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c1lvarez, a member of the Workers Defense Project, said that his current employer brings ample water to the worksite and makes sure everyone takes breaks. But he has worked for some project managers who don\u2019t supply water and discourage even the shortest of breaks.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00c1lvarez worries that working so hard in the heat is doing damage to his kidneys\u2014a fear <a href=\"https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/news\/30102025\/workers-heat-exposure-chronic-kidney-disease\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">increasingly backed up by research<\/a>. But he said he can\u2019t afford to take time off to see a doctor.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIf you don\u2019t go to work, everything gets thrown out of balance. The bills don\u2019t stop. The rent is still due,\u201d he said. \u201cIt\u2019s a crime to get sick.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>This year there\u2019s even more pressure for immigrant workers to keep their heads down and endure dangerous working conditions. The Trump administration\u2019s unprecedented, militant expansion of federal immigration enforcement agencies\u2014including raids, detentions and targeting of both undocumented and documented immigrants and even <a href=\"https:\/\/www.propublica.org\/article\/immigration-dhs-american-citizens-arrested-detained-against-will\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">U.S. citizens<\/a>\u2014has sowed panic among immigrants and their neighbors in communities across the country.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" http:=\"\" alt=\"Members of the Workers Defense Project rally at the Texas Governor\u2019s Mansion in 2023 to protest HB2127 and advocate for water breaks. Credit: Courtesy of Workers Defense Project\" class=\"wp-image-102834\" data-lazy- data-lazy- data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/2023-rally-outside-Governors-mansion-2.jpg\"\/>Members of the Workers Defense Project rally at the Texas Governor\u2019s Mansion in 2023 to protest HB2127 and advocate for water breaks. Credit: Courtesy of Workers Defense Project<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" http:=\"\" alt=\"Texas Rep. Greg Casar poses with members of the Workers Defense Project outside the U.S. Capitol during his 2023 thirst strike for worker heat protections. Credit: Courtesy of Workers Defense Project\" class=\"wp-image-102833\" data-lazy- data-lazy- data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/2023-Congress-thirst-strike.jpg\"\/>Texas Rep. Greg Casar poses with members of the Workers Defense Project outside the U.S. Capitol during his 2023 thirst strike for worker heat protections. Credit: Courtesy of Workers Defense Project<\/p>\n<p>The Workers Defense Project and the University of Illinois Chicago <a href=\"https:\/\/workersdefense.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Final-Behind-The-Texas-Miracle.pdf\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">surveyed 353 construction workers<\/a> in Texas metropolitan areas in 2024. Half the workers reported they were undocumented.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Among the immigrants who died in the Texas heat last year was Rolando Varela G\u00f3mez. He first settled in Wisconsin when he came to the United States from Nicaragua, according to a relative who spoke with Inside Climate News by phone. But he struggled to find work and headed to Houston, where he\u2019d heard that companies were hiring.<\/p>\n<p>Varela G\u00f3mez joined a crew building a water treatment plant near the small town of Beasley, outside Houston. He had been working in Texas for only two weeks when he died on Aug. 21, 2024. His relative said that coming from \u201cfreezing\u201d Wisconsin, he wasn\u2019t used to the Texas heat.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>According to the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.documentcloud.org\/documents\/26289130-osha-heat-citation-hassel-construction-group\/#document\/p1\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">OSHA report<\/a>, Varela G\u00f3mez and other workers were exposed to extreme heat while moving materials and equipment and pouring concrete. OSHA reported that he developed heat illness and died from acute kidney failure.<\/p>\n<p>The family had to raise money to repatriate Varela G\u00f3mez to Nicaragua. President Daniel Ortega has cut consular services amid tensions with the U.S. government, leaving grieving families with few options.<\/p>\n<p>Time Is Money<\/p>\n<p>Jose Gallegos worked as a driller and derrickman for Nabors Drilling Technologies, a subsidiary of Nabors Industries, an oilfield services company that operates in more than 15 countries with annual revenue of roughly $3 billion.<\/p>\n<p>Gallegos had been working two-week shifts in the Permian Basin, far from his family in the Rio Grande Valley. But in May 2024 he was working closer to home, in Karnes County in South Texas, as a derrickman on a drilling rig. Nabors was drilling a well for Marathon Oil, which has since been acquired by ConocoPhillips.<\/p>\n<p>Gallegos was high up on the drilling rig as the temperature peaked at 101 degrees and the heat index reached 114. He labored in full sunlight, wearing coveralls, a harness, a hard hat, gloves and steel-toed boots, a later OSHA investigation noted. Gallegos overheated and passed out on the drilling platform.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>His coworkers struggled to get him down to the ground as he got hotter and hotter. By the time Gallegos was loaded into a waiting ambulance, he had died.<\/p>\n<p>At the hospital, his core body temperature was measured at 108 degrees.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2500\" height=\"1667\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" http:=\"\" alt=\"An emergency medical technician attends to a man after he called in for chest pain after working outside in extreme heat on June 29, 2023, in Eagle Pass, Texas. Credit: Brandon Bell\/Getty Images\" class=\"wp-image-102830\" data-lazy- data-lazy- data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/GettyImages-1504807625.jpg\"\/>An emergency medical technician attends to a man after he called in for chest pain after working outside in extreme heat on June 29, 2023, in Eagle Pass, Texas. Credit: Brandon Bell\/Getty Images<\/p>\n<p>Nabors\u2019 heat illness prevention program required breaks every hour when the temperature passed 90 degrees. But co-workers later told OSHA inspectors that Gallegos did not ask for a break. A lawsuit filed by his family against Nabors Drilling, Marathon Oil and ConocoPhillips disputes this version of events, alleging that Gallegos had asked for help and was ignored. Nabors was drilling through an aquifer and Gallegos was pressured to finish the job as quickly as possible, the lawsuit claims.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe culture at Nabors was that time was money and that nothing, not even deadly heat, was going to slow down drilling,\u201d McAllen-based attorney Marcus Barrera wrote in the lawsuit.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Research has <a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/news\/item\/22-08-2025-who-wmo-issue-new-report-and-guidance-to-protect-workers-from-increasing-heat-stress\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">shown<\/a> that in addition to being a serious health and mortality hazard, extreme heat undermines worker productivity. Failing to invest in workplace heat mitigation, researchers say, actually <a href=\"https:\/\/www.citizen.org\/article\/hot-take\/#:~:text=The%20U.S.%20alone%20is%20losing,in%20the%20workplace%20be%20implemented.\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">costs<\/a> companies money.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>In legal filings, both Nabors and ConocoPhillips denied the lawsuit\u2019s claims. ConocoPhillips declined to comment, citing the pending case. Nabors did not respond to requests for comment.<\/p>\n<p>This story is funded by readers like you.<\/p>\n<p>Our nonprofit newsroom provides award-winning climate coverage free of charge and advertising. We rely on donations from readers like you to keep going. Please donate now to support our work.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/insideclimate.fundjournalism.org\/donate\/?amount=15&amp;campaign=7013a000003Bk97AAC&amp;frequency=monthly\" class=\"button button-red\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Donate Now<\/a> <\/p>\n<p>David Chincanchan and the Workers Defense Project have pushed for the OSHA rule to include mandatory breaks and third-party monitoring to ensure compliance. He said workers shouldn\u2019t have to decide between taking a break and finishing a job quickly to satisfy their bosses.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe more the breaks are explicitly mandatory, paid and scheduled, the more effective the policy will be,\u201d he said.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Heat Deaths Often Go Undercounted or Unreported<\/p>\n<p>OSHA determined in its investigation of Danny Nolasco\u2019s death that his employer put him and his coworkers at \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.documentcloud.org\/documents\/26289132-osha-hazard-letter-carlos-cruz\/#document\/p1\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">increased risk of harm<\/a>\u201d from heat exposure because the construction company did not have a heat illness prevention program, acclimatization periods or training to help workers identify heat illness and injuries.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>People who are new to working in hot conditions are at elevated risk of heat-related illness. Physicians emphasize that workers need to be \u201cacclimatized,\u201d eased into hot working conditions so their bodies have a chance to adjust and learn how to thermoregulate.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Compounding the risks from heat is a misconception that otherwise healthy people don\u2019t want or need rest, said Rosemary Sokas, a retired physician and emeritus professor and occupational health expert at Georgetown University.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"850\" height=\"936\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" http:=\"\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-102843\" data-lazy- data-lazy- data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/HyperthermiaCP850px.png\"\/><\/p>\n<p>That idea is \u201cmissing the whole point,\u201d said Sokas, who testified in favor of the federal heat rule.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201cYoung, healthy, strapping people are at risk if they overdo it,\u201d she added.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>A medical examiner ruled that the cause of Nolasco\u2019s death was \u201cundetermined,\u201d noting that his core body temperature\u2014about 101.3 at the time it was measured\u2014was lower than would be expected for heat stroke. The medical examiner wrote there wasn\u2019t \u201csufficient evidence\u201d to attribute the death to hyperthermia.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Christina VandePol, a physician and former coroner from Pennsylvania, reviewed the autopsy for Inside Climate News and said she felt it was thorough. While she agreed with the \u201cundetermined\u201d designation, she said that doesn\u2019t rule out heat as a contributing factor in Nolasco\u2019s death. And depending on the delay before his temperature was taken, it could have been higher at the time of death, VandePol said.<\/p>\n<p>VandePol said heat is often overlooked in death investigations.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWhen I look through medical journals or training seminars for death investigators, that\u2019s not a topic that\u2019s front and center right now,\u201d she said. \u201cI think we\u2019re missing a lot of heat-related or heat-contributory-factor deaths through the medical system.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The role of heat in workplace fatalities often goes unexamined. Inside Climate News and The Texas Tribune <a href=\"https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/news\/14082024\/texas-undercounting-heat-deaths\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">previously reported<\/a> on the death of a landscaper in Austin, Jos\u00e9 Mario Calles, who showed symptoms of heat illness and collapsed at work in May 2020. His employer did not report the incident to OSHA. Calles spent two nights at the hospital, then returned to work. Within two weeks he died on the job of a heart attack, an outcome that <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thelancet.com\/journals\/lanplh\/article\/PIIS2542-5196(22)00117-6\/fulltext\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">heat stress can trigger<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cI think we\u2019re missing a lot of heat-related or heat-contributory-factor deaths through the medical system.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u2014 Christina VandePol, a physician and former coroner<\/p>\n<p>Jordan Barab, OSHA deputy assistant secretary of labor during the Obama administration, said some workplace fatalities are attributed to natural causes\u2014which do not necessarily spark an OSHA investigation\u2014without sufficient evidence.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201cI\u2019ve seen plenty of cases that are alleged to be natural causes, which have turned out not to be natural causes,\u201d Barab said.<\/p>\n<p>Do Workplace Heat Safety Regulations Work?<\/p>\n<p>State Rep. Dustin Burrows, a Republican who represents the Texas Panhandle, authored HB 2127\u2014the so-called Death Star bill. He became the Texas House speaker in early 2025. Burrows\u2019 press secretary, Kimberly Carmichael, told Inside Climate News that the law does not prevent employers from meeting national standards, but provides \u201cclarity and consistency\u201d across the state.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201cOSHA remains the proper authority for setting and enforcing labor standards and continues to develop national guidelines for heat injury and illness prevention that apply uniformly across all levels of government, without the unnecessary confusion and duplication of overlapping local mandates,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n<p>Carmichael did not respond to questions about the death of Ethan Mackay of heat stroke, which occurred in Burrows\u2019 district in 2024, or whether the House speaker supports a federal heat rule.<\/p>\n<p>Trade groups for construction businesses have advocated for HB 2127 and similar bills and filed comments critical of the proposed OSHA heat rule. Like Carmichael, industry supporters argue that HB 2127 protects companies from having to navigate different rules across the state, not only related to heat safety.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Mark Roach, a board member of Associated Builders and Contractors Texas, a construction industry association, <a href=\"https:\/\/capitol.texas.gov\/tlodocs\/88R\/handouts\/C4502023031510301\/c8710c69-d00b-4c21-836b-63b5cad59f59.PDF\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">testified<\/a> that the bill would reign in \u201crogue municipalities.\u201d\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>The National Federation of Independent Business\u2019 Texas state director, Jeff Burdett, said in an emailed statement to Inside Climate News that HB 2127 \u201chelps small business owners better comply with regulations, rather than being burdened by the complexity of multiple layers of guidelines over their business practices.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>A federal heat rule would mean more consistent regulations across the country. But in a public comment, NFIB Small Business Legal Center executive director Elizabeth A. Milito said the group opposes that proposal, too.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201cAmericans in general can take care of themselves in the heat, without the aid of a government agency commanding them to find some shade, drink some water, and rest occasionally,\u201d Milito wrote.<\/p>\n<p>It\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/climate-indicators\/climate-change-indicators-heat-related-deaths\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">estimated<\/a> that more than 14,000 Americans have died directly from heat since 1979.<\/p>\n<p>Extreme heat <a href=\"https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/news\/02102025\/extreme-heat-effect-on-the-body\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">harms<\/a> every system in the body, including impairing people\u2019s ability to think clearly and understand the danger they are in.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe\u2019re talking about very basic standards,\u201d said Ana Gonzalez, organizing and advocacy director at the Texas AFL-CIO. \u201cThis is a basic human right, the ability for you to stop and drink water and be in the shade. It\u2019s just insane to me that this is a debate.\u201d\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Members of unions like those in the AFL-CIO can organize for safety standards in their contract negotiations, Gonzalez said. But Texas is a right-to-work state, hostile to labor organizing, and none of the six deceased workers was in a unionized workplace.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>There\u2019s clear evidence that heat rules work.<\/p>\n<p>An <a href=\"https:\/\/publichealth.gwu.edu\/nearly-28000-work-injuries-every-year-are-linked-hot-weather\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">October 2025 study<\/a> by researchers at Harvard University and the George Washington University reviewing OSHA injury data from 2023 found that more injuries occur nationally across nearly all industry sectors\u2014both outdoor and indoor work\u2014when the heat index is 85 degrees or above, accelerating even more above 90 degrees. The researchers found that nearly 28,000 workplace injuries can be attributed to heat annually.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThis is a basic human right, the ability for you to stop and drink water and be in the shade. It\u2019s just insane to me that this is a debate.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u2014 Ana Gonzalez, Texas AFL-CIO<\/p>\n<p>The researchers also found that workers in states with workplace heat standards, like California and Colorado, had a lower risk of injury on hot days.<\/p>\n<p>When the heat index went from 80 to 105 in states without a heat rule, employers reported 16 percent more injuries. In states with heat rules, the increased rate was half that, at 8 percent.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIt\u2019s actually remarkably strong support for doing something,\u201d said Gregory Wagner, an adjunct professor of environmental health at Harvard and one of the study\u2019s authors. \u201cDoing something will be helpful [and] reduce injuries.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Given that Texas has banned cities from regulating worker safety and there is little political will in the Legislature to address the risk statewide, labor advocates say federal regulations are urgently needed.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe want to have the local protections, we want to have the state protections,\u201d said Workers Defense Project\u2019s Chincanchan. \u201cBut I think what is really needed in this moment is a national heat safety rule.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>OSHA accepted comments on the draft rule through the end of October. The agency did not respond to questions about its timeline for the proposal.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Walle, the state representative, said if he is elected to another term he will re-introduce legislation to protect workers from the heat. That means waiting until 2027, when Texas holds its next biennial legislative session. Despite the setbacks, he said he isn\u2019t deterred.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201cCommon decency should prevail,\u201d he said.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>The Texas economy, Walle added, relies on immigrants who work in dangerous industries for little pay.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201cI wish that the state leadership, the Republican leadership, would pay attention to the working-class people that are actually building this economy,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\tAbout This Story<\/p>\n<p>Perhaps you noticed: This story, like all the news we publish, is free to read. That\u2019s because Inside Climate News is a 501c3 nonprofit organization. We do not charge a subscription fee, lock our news behind a paywall, or clutter our website with ads. We make our news on climate and the environment freely available to you and anyone who wants it.<\/p>\n<p>That\u2019s not all. We also share our news for free with scores of other media organizations around the country. Many of them can\u2019t afford to do environmental journalism of their own. We\u2019ve built bureaus from coast to coast to report local stories, collaborate with local newsrooms and co-publish articles so that this vital work is shared as widely as possible.<\/p>\n<p>Two of us launched ICN in 2007. Six years later we earned a Pulitzer Prize for National Reporting, and now we run the oldest and largest dedicated climate newsroom in the nation. We tell the story in all its complexity. We hold polluters accountable. We expose environmental injustice. We debunk misinformation. We scrutinize solutions and inspire action.<\/p>\n<p>Donations from readers like you fund every aspect of what we do. If you don\u2019t already, will you support our ongoing work, our reporting on the biggest crisis facing our planet, and help us reach even more readers in more places? <\/p>\n<p>Please take a moment to make a tax-deductible donation. Every one of them makes a difference.<\/p>\n<p>Thank you,<\/p>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" http:=\"\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail-medium-square size-thumbnail-medium-square\" alt=\"Martha Pskowski\" decoding=\"async\" data-lazy- data-lazy- data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/pskowski-02-300x300.png\"\/><\/p>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/profile\/martha-pskowski\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\tMartha Pskowski\t\t\t\t\t<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\tReporter, El Paso, Texas<\/p>\n<p>Martha Pskowski covers climate change and the environment in Texas from her base in El Paso. She was previously an environmental reporter at the El Paso Times. She began her career as a freelance journalist in Mexico, reporting for outlets including The Guardian and Yale E360. Martha has a B.A. in Environmental Studies from Hampshire College and a master\u2019s degree in Journalism and Latin American Studies from New York University. She is a former Fulbright research fellow in Mexico. Martha can be reached on Signal at <a href=\"https:\/\/signal.me\/#eu\/YHw-e-fPILqlrGobg0ohJYD9AD0A_ImduThveqUG4SJ0j065dpdMk7AEcDfG5Cqq\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">psskow.33<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" http:=\"\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail-medium-square size-thumbnail-medium-square\" alt=\"Keerti Gopal\" decoding=\"async\" data-lazy- data-lazy- data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/KeertiHeadshot-300x300.jpg\"\/><\/p>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/profile\/keerti-gopal\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\tKeerti Gopal\t\t\t\t\t<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\tReporter, Health and Justice<\/p>\n<p>Keerti Gopal covers intersections between climate change, public health and environmental justice at Inside Climate News. Previously, she covered climate activism and movement repression. She is a National Geographic Explorer and has received fellowships from Fulbright, the Solutions Journalism Network, The Lever, and the National Press Foundation.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Eighteen-year-old Danny Nolasco spent the day of July 15, 2024, mixing and hauling buckets of cement at a&hellip;\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":311149,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[47],"tags":[192,79],"class_list":["post-311148","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-environment","tag-environment","tag-science"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/311148","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=311148"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/311148\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/311149"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=311148"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=311148"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=311148"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}